Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 120-125.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.03.018

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Study on Decomposition and Nutrient Release Rule of Green Manure Returned in Spring Maize Field

Wang Yizhen(), Su Gang, Cao Lixia, Li Ze, Ge Junzhu, Zang Fengyan, Li Zifang, Wang Jinlong, Wu Xidong()   

  1. College of Agronomy & Resources and Environment, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
  • Received:2020-07-20 Revised:2020-12-24 Online:2021-06-15 Published:2021-06-22
  • Contact: Wu Xidong E-mail:2197148395@qq.com;wuxidong@tjau.edu.cn

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Abstract:

The nylon mesh bag burying method was used to study the decomposition and nutrient release rule of Orychophragmus violaceus as green manure returned in spring maize field to provide theoretical basic for reducing chemical fertilizer input and increasing nitrogen use efficiency of spring maize in North China Plain. The results showed that the maximum decomposition speed rate of O.violaceus was in 0-10d during the experiment duration, average decomposition speed rate and accumulation decomposition ratio were reached 1.21g/d and 28.94%, respectively. The O.violaceus decomposed slowly during 11-45d, which the average decomposition speed rate was 0.44g/d, and the accumulation decomposition ratio was accounted as 37.45%. After that, the decomposition was the slowest by the average decomposition speed rate was only 0.03g/d during 46-123d, and the cumulative decomposing rate reached 71.26% when maize was harvested. The accumulation nutrient ratio was K > C > P > N, and the accumulation release ratios were 94.90%, 76.46%, 56.35%, and 53.83%, respectively, during the decomposing period. The internal cumulative release of K, C, and N was the highest in 45 days of incubation, while P content was increased in three days and then decreased fast. By estimation, N, P, and K released from O.violaceus were amount to 26.82, 4.04, and 35.88kg/ha. Therefore, O.violaceus as green manure returned in the field could appropriatly replace chemical fertilizer in North China Plain, which should apply more N and P, and less K in the early stage of spring maize, and supplied some N and K in the late stage because of the nutrient release rule of O.violaceus.

Key words: Winter green manure, Orychophragmus violaceus, Decomposition rule, Nutrient release rule

Fig.1

Temperature and precipitation in experiment duration in 2019"

Fig.2

The dynamic changes of accumulation decomposition ratio and decomposition rate of O.violaceus"

Fig.3

The dynamic changes of C accumulation release ratio and release rate of O.violaceus"

Fig.4

The dynamic changes of N, P, K accumulation release ratios"

Fig.5

The dynamic changes of N,P, K release rates of O.violaceus"

Fig.6

The dynamic changes of ratios of C to N, P, and K of O.violaceus"

Table 1

The nutrient release amounts of O.violaceus"

养分
Nutrient		 还田前含量
Nutrient content before
returning (g/kg)		 还田前积累量
Nutrient accumulation before returning (kg/hm2)		 释放率
Release rate
(%)		 释放量
Release amount
(kg/hm2)		 残留率
Residual rate
(%)
C 488.63 2157.51 76.46 1649.63 23.54
N 11.28 49.82 53.83 26.82 46.17
P 1.62 7.16 56.35 4.04 43.65
K 8.56 37.81 94.90 35.88 5.10
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