Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 241-248.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.03.033

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Evaluation of Shelf Life and Screening of Identification Indexes for Different Fresh Waxy Corn Varieties

Li Hongtao(), Chai Wenbo, Xu Hanyuan, Li Shufen, Zhu Qing, Yuan Chao, Wang Jun()   

  1. Lianyungang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang 222006, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2024-02-02 Revised:2024-03-22 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-06-03

RichHTML

0

PDF (PC)

22

Abstract:

Shelf life is an important index to judge postharvest storage of fresh waxy corn. In order to explore the changes of physicochemical indexes and screen out the identification index of shelf life, six fresh waxy corn varieties were used as experimental materials,ear agronomic traits and physicochemical indexes were measured at under room temperature storage conditions, and the correlation and path analysis was carried out. The findings demonstrated that as storage days rose, the soluble sugar and grain moisture contents fell while the grain hardness, husk a* and b* values, and starch contents increased. Heitiannuo 904 showed slow respiration and transpiration during storage, and its shelf life was relatively long, followed by Baitiannuo 209, Caihong 77, Caitianuo 818, the shortest shelf life were Liantiannuo 931 and Liantiannuo 802. Shelf life had significant positive correlation with husk width, husk tightness, row number per ear and a extremely significant positive correlation with cob diameter and soluble sugar content, but had significant negative correlation with husk b* value, husk yellowing rate, and a extremely significant negative correlation with husk losing green rate, grain width, grain length/cob diameter, grain hardness, grain hardening rate, grain dehydration rate, starch content, starch content growth rate, soluble sugar degradation rate. Grain hardening rate, grain dehydration rate, husk yellowing rate, soluble sugar degradation rate, grain width, grain hardness, grain length/cob diameter, and cob diameter can be used as indicators for the determination of suitable shelf life for waxy corn.

Key words: Waxy corn, Shelf life, Variety evaluation, Identification index

Table 1

Criteria for sensory quality evaluation"

项目
Item		 性状
Trait		 评分标准
Evaluation standard		 分值
Score
外观品质
Appearance
quality

 苞叶颜色
 无变化8分，稍微褪色变黄4分，褪色变黄严重0分 0~8
籽粒饱满度
 籽粒饱满完整8分，较饱满4分，瘪粒严重0分 0~8
籽粒硬度
 易掐冒浆8分，稍微冒浆4分，不冒浆掐不动0分 0~8
籽粒色泽
 色泽光亮6分，色泽一般3分，色泽暗淡0分 0~6
蒸煮品质
Cooking
quality

 甜度
 甜度高14分，甜度一般8分，无甜度0分 0~14
糯性
 粘度高18分，粘度一般12分，粘度差0分 0~18
皮渣率
 皮薄无渣14分，皮较薄渣较少8分，皮稍厚渣较多0分 0~14
软滑度
 柔软润滑10分，欠柔软润滑6分，不柔软润滑0分 0~10
风味
 风味好14分，风味一般8分，风味较差0分 0~14

Fig.1

Changes of sensory quality of different fresh waxy corn varieties during storage"

Fig.2

Changes of leaves color of different fresh waxy corn varieties during storage"

Fig.3

Changes of grain moisture contents, grain hardness, starch and soluble sugar contents in different fresh waxy corn varieties during storage"

Table 2

Correlation analysis between shelf life with correlative ear traits"

Table 3

Path analysis of correlative ear traits to shelf life"

性状Trait 直接效应
Direct
effect		 间接效应Indirect effect 总效应
Total
effects
间接效应总和
Sum of
indirect effect		 X4 X8 X10 X11 X12 X16 X19 X21 X22 X24 X25 X27 X28 X29 X30 X31
X4 0.20 1.00 -0.08 0.06 -0.10 0.66 0.07 0.46 -0.27 0.29 -0.46 -0.27 1.01 -0.07 -0.05 0.04 -0.31 1.20
X8 -0.20 1.19 0.08 0.07 -0.09 0.17 0.08 0.55 -0.22 0.41 -0.33 -0.21 0.92 -0.04 -0.05 0.03 -0.16 1.00
X10 -0.09 -1.29 -0.14 0.15 0.09 -0.69 -0.08 -0.65 0.28 -0.38 0.57 0.28 -1.09 0.08 0.05 -0.04 0.29 -1.37
X11 0.13 -1.23 -0.16 0.13 -0.06 -0.40 -0.07 -0.50 0.28 -0.40 0.37 0.24 -0.97 0.05 0.05 -0.04 0.25 -1.10
X12 -0.93 -0.20 -0.14 0.04 -0.07 0.05 -0.04 -0.46 0.24 -0.19 0.58 0.22 -0.79 0.09 0.03 -0.04 0.26 -1.13
X16 0.09 1.13 0.15 -0.16 0.07 -0.10 0.39 0.57 -0.26 0.39 -0.42 -0.27 1.11 -0.05 -0.06 0.04 -0.27 1.23
X19 -0.66 -0.71 -0.14 0.16 -0.09 0.10 -0.64 -0.08 0.30 -0.41 0.56 0.28 -1.12 0.08 0.05 -0.04 0.28 -1.37
X21 -0.32 1.67 0.17 -0.14 0.08 -0.11 0.69 0.07 0.61 0.39 -0.56 -0.29 1.12 -0.08 -0.05 0.05 -0.28 1.35
X22 -0.44 -0.78 -0.13 0.18 -0.08 0.12 -0.40 -0.08 -0.61 0.29 0.43 0.26 -1.06 0.06 0.05 -0.04 0.24 -1.22
X24 0.63 -1.95 -0.15 0.10 -0.08 0.08 -0.86 -0.06 -0.59 0.29 -0.31 0.27 -1.02 0.09 0.05 -0.04 0.28 -1.32
X25 0.30 -1.70 -0.18 0.14 -0.08 0.10 -0.69 -0.08 -0.62 0.31 -0.38 0.56 -1.17 0.08 0.06 -0.05 0.31 -1.40
X27 -1.18 -0.21 -0.17 0.15 -0.08 0.10 -0.62 -0.09 -0.63 0.30 -0.40 0.54 0.30 0.08 0.06 -0.05 0.30 -1.38
X28 0.10 -1.35 -0.14 0.08 -0.08 0.07 -0.89 -0.05 -0.56 0.28 -0.28 0.61 0.25 -0.92 0.04 -0.04 0.27 -1.25
X29 0.06 -1.39 -0.16 0.16 -0.08 0.10 -0.55 -0.09 -0.61 0.29 -0.39 0.51 0.29 -1.17 0.07 -0.05 0.29 -1.33
X30 0.05 1.26 0.17 -0.13 0.07 -0.10 0.66 0.08 0.57 -0.31 0.36 -0.55 -0.29 1.12 -0.08 -0.05 -0.28 1.31
X31 0.33 -1.65 -0.19 0.10 -0.08 0.10 -0.73 -0.07 -0.55 0.27 -0.33 0.52 0.28 -1.06 0.08 0.05 -0.04 -1.32
[1] 赵久然, 卢柏山, 史亚兴, 等. 我国糯玉米育种及产业发展动态. 玉米科学, 2016, 24(4):67-71.
[2] 李洪涛, 许瀚元, 迟铭, 等. 糯玉米主要性状环境稳定性分析. 南方农业学报, 2018, 49(4):643-649.
[3] 王娟紫, 乔勇进, 王春芳, 等. 鲜食糯玉米采后生理与保鲜技术的研究进展. 食品与发酵工业, 2023, 49(16):356-361.
doi: 10.13995/j.cnki.11-1802/ts.031814
[4] Ketthaisong D, Suriharn B, Tangwongchai R, et al. Changes in physicochemical properties of waxy corn starches at different stages of harvesting. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2013, 98(1):241-248.
doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.06.016 pmid: 23987341
[5] Simla S, Lertrat K, Suriharn B. Carbohydrate characters of six vegetable waxy corn varieties as affected by harvest time and storage duration. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 2010, 9(8):463.
[6] Gong K, Chen L. Characterization of carbohydrates and their metabolizing enzymes related to the eating quality of postharvest fresh waxy corn. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 2013, 37(5):619-627.
[7] 范文广, 陈少青, 周新原, 等. 不同品种鲜食糯玉米采后贮藏品质及抗氧化酶活性的变化. 食品工业科技, 2024, 45(2):307-315.
[8] 杨明花, 嵇闯, 崔亚坤, 等. 鲜食糯玉米货架期苞叶相关性状的配合力及其遗传效应分析. 玉米科学, 2023, 31(6):10-16.
[9] 李志文, 王奕, 彭博, 等. 鲜食糯玉米室温货架期间籽粒糖代谢规律研究. 保鲜与加工, 2022, 22(6):1-7.
[10] 任梦云, 杜龙岗, 王美兴, 等. 糯玉米可溶性糖组分特征与采后品质特性. 浙江农业学报, 2022, 34(6):1133-1140.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.2022.06.04
[11] 龚魁杰, 陈利容, 赵全胜, 等. 鲜食糯玉米采后糖代谢相关酶活性变化. 植物生理学通讯, 2010, 46(11):1159-1163.
[12] 王娟紫, 王春芳, 乔勇进, 等. 近冰温贮藏对鲜糯玉米采后品质的影响. 食品工业科技, 2023, 44(14):336-345.
[13] 肖金宝, 杨丽, 梁宇鹏, 等. 收获后贮藏时间对鲜食玉米品质的影响. 玉米科学, 2020, 28(6):71-80.
[14] Ketthaisong D, Suriharn B, Tangwongchai R, et al. Changes in physicochemical properties of waxy corn starches after harvest, and in mechanical properties of fresh cooked kernels during storage. Food Chemistry, 2014, 151(15):561-567.
[15] Hansen J, Moller I. Percolation of starch and soluble carbohydrates from plant tissue for quantitative determination with anthrone. Analytical Biochemistry, 1975, 68(1):87-94
pmid: 1190454
[16] 蔡含娜, 蒋璇靓, 陈坤坤, 等. 水果玉米在常温和低温贮藏下的品质变化研究. 东南园艺, 2023, 11(2):112-117.
[17] 时文林, 赵雅琦, 闫志成, 等. 不同预冷方式对甜玉米储藏品质的影响. 食品科学, 2022, 43(15):218-226.
[18] 李玲, 孙瑞, 王国琴. 糯玉米籽粒水分变化规律的研究. 食品研究与开发, 2013, 34(14):123-125.
[19] 宋华东, 龚魁杰, 陈利容, 等. 鲜食糯玉米采后水分变化及对风味品质的影响. 山东农业科学, 2007(3):90-91.
[20] 徐瑞. 鲜糯玉米冻藏期间品质变化研究. 重庆:西南大学, 2019.
[21] 王春芳, 王娟紫, 柳洪入, 等. 酸性硫酸钙处理对采后鲜糯玉米贮藏品质的影响. 食品工业科技, 2024, 45(2):300-306.
[22] 马鹏, 郝秀芬, 孙瑞, 等. 糯玉米鲜果穗采收后鲜籽粒可溶性糖含量变化的研究. 天津农学院学报, 2013, 20(2):22-24.
[23] 陈利容, 龚魁杰, 李香勇, 等. 鲜食糯玉米采后多糖降解代谢变化. 食品科技, 2015, 40(11):342-346
[24] Ai Y, Jane J. Macronutrients in corn and Human nutritionl. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 2016, 15(3):581-598.
[25] 李宇, 王洪毕. 不同贮藏条件下紫糯玉米品质变化研究. 食品工业, 2014, 35(6):114-117.
[26] 闫淑琴, 苏俊, 李春霞, 等. 玉米籽粒灌浆、脱水速率的相关与通径分析. 黑龙江农业科学, 2007(4):1-4.
[27] 王克如, 李少昆. 玉米籽粒脱水速率影响因素分析. 中国农业科学, 2017, 50(11):2027-2035.
doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.11.008
[28] 陈广周, 王广福, 渠建洲, 等. 不同玉米自交系子粒脱水速率及其与主要影响性状的相关分析. 作物杂志, 2018(5):33-39.
[1] Lu Baishan, Dong Hui, Liu Hui, Xu Li, Fan Yanli, Shi Yaxing, Zhao Jiuran. Correlation Analysis between Sugar Content and Taste of Fresh-Eaten Waxy Corn Grains [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(5): 80-85.
[2] Li Chunqing, Liu Xiangyu, Yan Peng, Zhou Liuqian, Lu Lin, Dong Zhiqiang, Xu Jiang. Physiological Identification and Comprehensive Evaluation of Drought Resistance of Different Maize Varieties [J]. Crops, 2024, 40(4): 253-262.
[3] Xie Wenjin, Li Fangming, Li Ning, Yang Hailong, Fu Jun, Zhang Zhongwei, Gao Xudong, Feng Guang. Analysis of Yield, Quality Traits and TestingSite Discrimination of Fresh Waxy Corn in Northern China Based on GGE Biplot [J]. Crops, 2023, 39(4): 85-90.
[4] Fu Luanhong,Yu Song,Yu Lihe,Xue Yingwen,Guo Wei. Analysis of Saline-Alkaline Tolerance and Screening of Identification Indexes of Different Oat Genotypes at the Germination Stage [J]. Crops, 2018, 34(6): 27-35.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!