油菜高光效种质综合鉴选指标体系与方法

张耀文,侯君利,赵小光,关周博,李殿荣,田建华,董育红,王竹云

Comprehensive Identification and Selection System and Method for Rape Germplasm with High Photosynthetic Efficiency

Yaowen Zhang,Junli Hou,Xiaoguang Zhao,Zhoubo Guan,Dianrong Li,Jianhua Tian,Yuhong Dong,Zhuyun Wang

表1 “7792-95/772//772”的主要性状的选育效果（2014与2008年比较）

Table 1 The effects of main traits of rape germplasm "7792-95/772//772" with high photosynthetic efficiency by directed breeding (comparison between 2014 and 2018)

性状Trait 2014年数值 The value in 2014 2014与2018年比较(%) Comparison between 2014 and 2008 性状Trait 2014年数值 The value in 2014 2014与2018年比较(%) Comparison between 2014 and 2008 光合性状 Photosynthetic trait 叶绿素含量(SPAD) Chlorophyll content 55.36±3.71 5.53** 产量构成性状 Yield component 单株角果数 Siliques per plant 239.10±52.24 6.25** 叶绿素a/b值 Ratio of chlorophyll a content to chlorophyll b content 3.52±0.02 2.46* character 单株分枝数 Branches per plant 6.30±1.10 3.27* 净光合速率[μmolCO2/(m2·s)] Net photosynthetic rate 26.68±2.03 8.32** 千粒重(g) 1000-seed weight 2.73±0.04 1.24* 水分利用效率(μmolCO2/mmolH2O) Water use efficiency 3.96±0.39 3.78* 角粒数 Seeds per silique 30.22±1.37 0.96* 群体净光合速率[g/(d·m2)] Net photosynthetic rate of population 2.42±0.28 3.13* 单株生物量(g) Weight of biomass per plant 52.88±3.42 3.10* 株型性状 Plant-type trait 株高(cm) Plant height 134.00±7.35 -6.52** 单株产量(g) Grain yield per plant 18.56±9.76 4.21** 主序长/株高(%) Ratio of main inflorescence length to plant height 45.11±3.78 -2.68* 收获系数 Harvest index 0.35±0.01 3.51** 分枝位/株高(%) Ratio of branch position to plant height 35.55±3.43 -5.22** 品质性状 Quality trait 硫苷含量(mg/g) Glucosinolates content 23.80±1.92 -2.25 分枝与主茎夹角(°) The angle of branches to main stem 22.60±2.21 -7.61** 蛋白质含量(%) Protein content 22.92±0.84 -11.18** 短柄叶片与主茎夹角(°) The angle of short petiole leaf to main stem 30.26±1.82 -6.18** 含油量(%) Oil content 51.49±0.90 3.23** 叶面积系数 Leaf area index 1.48±0.28 1.36* （油+蛋白质）含量(%) Content of oil and protein 75.42±0.24 4.60** 角果皮面积系数 Green silique area index 3.54±0.36 -0.92 芥酸含量(%) Erucic acid content 0.96±0.09 -1.12