作物杂志, 2019, 35(5): 37-40 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.05.006

遗传育种·种质资源·生物技术

玉米粒长性状主基因+多基因遗传分析

张中伟, 杨海龙, 付俊, 谢文锦, 丰光

丹东农业科学院,118109,辽宁凤城

Genetic Analysis of the Kernel Length of Maize with Mixed Model of Major Gene Plus Polygene

Zhang Zhongwei, Yang Hailong, Fu Jun, Xie Wenjin, Feng Guang

Dandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fengcheng 118109, Liaoning, China

通讯作者: 丰光,副研究员,主要从事玉米育种工作

收稿日期: 2019-02-11   修回日期: 2019-06-10   网络出版日期: 2019-10-15

基金资助: 国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0101103-2)

Received: 2019-02-11   Revised: 2019-06-10   Online: 2019-10-15

作者简介 About authors

张中伟,助理研究员,主要从事玉米品种试验工作 。

摘要

玉米粒长是培育优良玉米品种的重要选择性状。选取粒长性状表现差异显著的玉米自交系铁7922和E28,及其组建的6个世代群体P1、F1、P2、B1、B2和F2为材料,运用主-多基因混合模型遗传分析方法进行分析,研究玉米粒长的遗传规律。结果表明:粒长性状在F1表现为超亲优势,符合两对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因遗传的E-1-0模型,主基因遗传率为41.22%~80.58%,多基因遗传率为17.68%~24.95%,环境因素决定粒长表型变异的19.42%~41.10%,控制玉米粒长性状的主基因效应高于多基因效应,并且主基因的加性累积效应明显,该性状在育种中可以通过世代累积进行选择。

关键词: 玉米 ; 粒长 ; 主基因+多基因 ; 遗传

Abstract

The kernel length of maize is the important trait for superior variety selection. P1, F1, P2, B1, B2 and F2 generations of different kernel length maize inbred lines Tie 7922 and E28 were used to research on the inheritance of maize kernel length with major gene-ploygene mixed inheritance analysis. The results showed that: the kernel length represented transgressive heterosis in F1, the inheritance of maize kernel length trait fitted the model of two pair of additive-dominance-epitasis major gene plus additive- dominance-epitasis polygene about E-1-0 Model; the major gene heritability was between 41.22%-80.58%; the polygene heritability was between 17.68%-24.95%, the environmental factors of the phenotypic variation was between 19.42%-41.10%. The effects of major gene were more important than the effects of polygene to maize kernel length inheritance, and the accumulation of major genes of additive was significant, so the kernel length was selected by accumulated of generations.

Keywords: Maize (Zea mays L.) ; Kernel length ; Major gene+polygene ; Genetic

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张中伟, 杨海龙, 付俊, 谢文锦, 丰光. 玉米粒长性状主基因+多基因遗传分析[J]. 作物杂志, 2019, 35(5): 37-40 doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.05.006

Zhang Zhongwei, Yang Hailong, Fu Jun, Xie Wenjin, Feng Guang. Genetic Analysis of the Kernel Length of Maize with Mixed Model of Major Gene Plus Polygene[J]. Crops, 2019, 35(5): 37-40 doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.05.006

玉米产量构成因素包括单位面积穗数、穗粒数和粒重,较高的粒重是实现玉米丰产增收和商品品质的保证,而粒长、粒宽、粒厚等子粒性状是影响粒重高低的主要构成因素[1]。张伟强等[2]研究发现玉米子粒长度和出子率有较高的相关系数。郭佳丽等[3]研究表明,玉米子粒长度与脱水速率相关性较高,在选育快速脱水品种上可以考虑选择子粒长的组合。生产实践中,果穗大小中等、粒长、轴细、出子率高的优质高产玉米品种商业推广前景较好。本试验应用主基因与多基因遗传分析方法,旨在研究玉米粒长性状的遗传规律,为筛选优质、高产、适宜机收、商品性好的优良玉米品种提供参考。

1 材料与方法

1.1 材料

试验在丹东农业科学院试验选育基地进行,土质为沙壤土,肥力中等。选取自交系铁7922(P1)和E28(P2)为亲本,2017年夏配制杂交组合铁7922×E28,冬季在海南通过回交、自交组配B1(F1×P1)、B2(F1×P2)和F2群体。2018年开始整体试验,稳定世代P1、P2和F1群体各2行区播种,分离世代B1、B2和F2分别播种40行,成熟后,小区果穗全部收获,稳定世代P1、P2和F1群体各取20个果穗,分离世代B1、B2和F2群体各取282个果穗,在每个果穗穗行的中间部分连续取30个子粒,一字排列,测量长度,取其平均值即为粒长。

1.2 数据分析方法

应用主-多基因多世代混合遗传模型[4,5]进行数据分析,分析软件来自南京农业大学章元明教授P1、P2、F1、B1、B2、F2 6世代模型。使用软件对6世代的粒长性状数据进行24种遗传模型的极大似然分析,得到各种可能遗传模型的AIC(akaike information criterion)值,根据AIC最小准则,选择最优模型,当有几个模型的AIC值较小且差异不大时,通过适合性检验确定参数差异小的模型为最优模型。对混合分布中的有关成分分布参数进行估计,得到主基因和多基因的加性、显性、上位性效应值、加性和显性基因的互作效应、主基因和多基因的遗传率等[6,7,8,9]

采用软件Excel和DPS对试验数据作平均数、方差分析及次数分布等分析。

2 结果与分析

2.1 P1、P2及F1稳定群体粒长平均值

铁7922(P1)粒长1.01cm,E28(P2)粒长0.56cm,双亲差异极显著(t=32.47,P<0.01),即本试验材料的组建具有代表性,进一步的遗传分析可施行。F1粒长1.37cm,超过高值亲本,说明玉米杂交种的粒长性状存在超亲遗传,使得后代玉米粒长性状表现优异。

2.2 玉米粒长性状在分离世代的表现

根据粒长的群体差异程度,建立16个分级数,以准确反映分离世代粒长性状的真实表现(表1)。

表1   16个级数对应的粒长范围

Table 1  The range of kernel length for 16 grades

分级
Grade
分离世代粒长(cm)
The kernel length of segregating generation
B1B2F2
10.905~0.9550.829~0.8710.858~0.902
20.955~1.0050.871~0.9130.902~0.946
31.005~1.0550.913~0.9550.946~0.990
41.055~1.1050.955~0.9970.990~1.034
51.105~1.1550.997~1.0391.034~1.078
61.155~1.2051.039~1.0811.078~1.122
71.205~1.2551.081~1.1231.122~1.166
81.255~1.3051.123~1.1651.166~1.210
91.305~1.3551.165~1.2071.210~1.254
101.355~1.4051.207~1.2491.254~1.298
111.405~1.4551.249~1.2911.298~1.342
121.455~1.5051.291~1.3331.342~1.386
131.505~1.5551.333~1.3751.386~1.430
141.555~1.6051.375~1.4171.430~1.474
151.605~1.6551.417~1.4591.474~1.518
161.655~1.7051.459~1.5011.518~1.562

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图1为铁7922×E28组合分离世代群体的两个回交世代及F2的粒长性状分布,回交世代群体B1和B2粒长性状显现出双峰分布的特点,其中一条主峰比较突出,说明有主基因效应控制粒长性状的表达。F2群体粒长性状则显现出多峰态势,说明多基因在粒长性状的表达中可能发挥一定作用。

图1

图1   铁7922×E28分离世代群体粒长级别次数分布

Fig.1   The frequency distribution of kernellength grade in segregating generation of Tie7922×E28


2.3 最优遗传模型的选择与检验

表2为24种遗传模型的AIC值。B-1-1模型的AIC值最小为-1226.44,E-1-0模型的AIC值与之相近,故B-1-1和E-1-0模型都可作为备选模型。

表2   6世代粒长的24种遗传模型的AIC值

Table 2  The AIC value for kernel length of six generations of 24 genetic models

模型
Model
AIC值
AIC value
模型
Model
AIC值
AIC value
模型
Model
AIC值
AICvalue
A-1-665.57B-1-5-798.31D-4-1021.08
A-2-637.62B-1-6-800.31E-1-0-1218.29
A-3-665.78C-0-1173.82E-1-1-1192.33
A-4-460.48C-1-1051.80E-1-2-1043.33
B-1-1-1226.44D-0-1169.82E-1-3-1119.19
B-1-2-823.00D-1-1016.32E-1-4-1044.74
B-1-3-583.27D-2-1018.31E-1-5-1047.33
B-1-4-668.10D-3-1017.89E-1-6-

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表3是对B-1-1和E-1-0模型进行适合性检验,结果说明,B-1-1模型的5种适合性指标中有20个统计量达到差异显著水平,表明B-1-1模型中有20个统计量与粒长性状在分离世代群体的分布不相符;E-1-0模型5种适合性指标中适合性较差的统计量有5个,数目少于B-1-1模型,且AIC值最小,所以E-1-0模型的适应性优于B-1-1。综合以上分析,排除B-1-1模型,保留E-1-0模型为粒长性状的最优模型。E-1-0模型是由两对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因控制的遗传模型。

表3   粒长备选遗传模型的适合性检验

Table 3  The applicability test of alternative genetic models for kernel length

模型Model群体PopulationU12U22U32nW2Dn
B-1-1P18.182(0.004)*7.129(0.008)*0.159(0.690)0.889(<0.05)*0.379(<0.05)*
F14.795(0.029)*8.118(0.004)*8.502(0.004)*0.594(<0.05)*0.325(<0.05)*
P20.011(0.915)0.759(0.384)9.423(0.002)*0.296(>0.05)0.230(>0.05)
B136.913(0.000)*24.047(0.000)*15.334(0.000)*4.214(<0.05)*0.206(<0.05)*
B233.711(0.000)*15.517(0.000)*45.296(0.000)*4.713(<0.05)*0.253(<0.05)*
F20.012(0.912)0.576(0.448)6.805(0.009)*0.254(>0.05)0.073(>0.05)
E-1-0P10.029(0.864)0.116(0.734)0.485(0.486)0.064(>0.05)0.145(>0.05)
F10.054(0.816)0.475(0.491)13.369(0.000)*0.264(>0.05)0.219(>0.05)
P20.011(0.918)0.580(0.447)7.002(0.008)*0.220(>0.05)0.203(>0.05)
B12.849(0.091)0.892(0.345)7.611(0.006)*0.635(<0.05)*0.107(<0.05)*
B20.100(0.752)0.275(0.600)0.765(0.382)0.078(>0.05)0.052(>0.05)
F20.016(0.900)0.016(0.901)0.000(0.990)0.027(>0.05)0.034(>0.05)

Note: U12, U22, U32 are the uniformity test of statistics; nW2 is the Smirnov test of statistics; Dn is the Kolmogorov test of statistics; Value in bracket is probability; "*" is the significant difference at 0.05 level

注:U12、U22、U32为均匀性检验统计量,nW2为Smirnov检验统计量,Dn为Kolmogorov检验统计量。括号内为概率值;“*”表示在0.05水平差异显著

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2.4 粒长性状遗传参数的估计

表4可知,控制粒长性状主基因a的加性效应值(0.12)大于显性效应(0.02),主基因a的显性度为da/ha=6.00;主基因b的加性效应(0.06)大于显性效应(0.02),主基因b的显性度为db/hb=3.00,控制粒长性状的两对主基因都是加性正向效应发挥主功能作用。在上位性作用方面,主基因a的加性效应与主基因b的显性效应的互作效应jab=0.05,主基因b的加性效应与主基因a的显性效应的互作效应jba=0.12,大于两对主基因之间的加性×加性互作效应值和显性×显性互作效应值,主基因a与b的上位性作用使粒长性状呈现杂种优势。未检测到控制粒长性状的多基因效应值。

表4   粒长性状遗传参数估计值

Table 4  Estimated values about genetic parameters of kernel length

一阶参数
First order
parameter
估计值
Estimated
value
二阶参数
Second order
parameter
估计值
Estimated value
B1B2F2
m10.81σp20.010.020.02
m21.35σmg20.000.010.02
m30.72σpg20.000.010.00
m41.19σ20.000.000.00
m51.26h2mg (%)41.2251.4980.58
m61.12h2pg (%)17.6824.950.00
da0.12
db0.06
ha0.02
hb0.02
i0.02
jab0.05
jba0.12
l-0.02

Note: m1-m6: the mean of six generations; d: the effects about additive in major-genes; h: the effects about dominance in major-genes; i: the epistemic effect about additive×additive in major genes; j: the epistemic effect about dominant×additive in major genes; l: the epistemic effect about dominant×dominant in major genes; σp2: variance of phenotypic; σmg2: variance of major genes; σpg2: variance of polygenes; σ2: variance of error; h2mg: major gene heritability; h2pg: polygene heritability

注:m1~m6:6个世代群体均值;d:主基因加性效应;h:主基因显性效应;i:两对主基因之间的加性×加性互作效应;j:主基因之间的加性×显性互作效应;l:主基因之间的显性×显性互作效应;σp2:表型方差;σmg2:主基因方差;σpg2:多基因方差;σ2:误差方差;h2mg:主基因遗传率;h2pg:多基因遗传率

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粒长性状在两个回交世代群体和F2群体的主基因遗传率均高于多基因遗传率(41.22%>17.68%,51.49%>24.95%,80.58%>0.00%),说明粒长性状在后代遗传中受主基因影响偏多,其中F2群体主基因遗传率最大,表明该性状在F2选择效率较高。主基因+多基因在B1、B2和F2中遗传率分别为58.90%、76.44%和80.58%,剩余环境变化决定粒长表型变异的19.42%~41.10%,说明粒长性状受环境影响不容忽视,应在多点试验条件中对粒长性状进行进一步研究和筛选。

3 讨论

玉米粒长性状是典型的数量性状,是高产、优质、宜机收玉米品种选育的重要选择和改良性状,深入剖析粒长性状的遗传机理是选育优势玉米杂交组合的基础。为了促进玉米产量稳中有增,很多学者应用主-多基因混合模型分离分析方法,探究产量相关性状的遗传分离规律[10,11,12],为玉米遗传育种和大田生产提供了指导。然而,对玉米粒长性状的研究多集中在粒长与产量的相关性、粒长性状QTL定位方面。彭勃等[13]研究表明玉米子粒构型中的粒长与单穗产量、出子率及穗半径都具有较高的相关系数。曹晓良等[14]利用粒长差异显著的农系531和SIL8构建的F2∶3家系,检测到3个粒长的QTL,认为粒长性状遗传控制是复杂的。张向歌等[15]利用74个以Lx9801为背景的昌7-2单片段代换系,在两个试验点共检测出7个粒长QTL,认为粒长性状受环境影响较大。因此有必要在多点次试验条件下对粒长性状进行深入研究。

4 结论

通过对玉米粒长性状的多世代联合分析,表明玉米粒长性状是由两对加性-显性-上位性主基因和加性-显性-上位性多基因控制,2对主基因中的加性效应起正向主导作用,在F1表现为超亲优势,说明粒长性状在后代遗传中可以有很好的累积效应。在培育玉米优良品种时要着重选择基础试验材料,可通过表型选择粒长适宜、一般配合力和特殊配合力表现优秀的自交系,并且在双亲亲缘关系有一定差异的前提下,优化基因型的纯度,增强杂种优势。F2群体玉米粒长性状的主基因遗传率较高,因此对粒长性状的选择应该在早期进行,利用主基因加性效应的不断累积来选育优良品种。

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中国农业科学, 2016,49(4):621-631.

DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.04.002      Magsci     [本文引用: 1]

<span>【目<span>的】粒型性状是玉米百粒重的重要组成部分,并具有较强的杂种优势,鉴定玉米粒型性状的杂种优势位点,可以为粒型性状关键杂种优势位点的克隆与分子标记辅助育种提供理论依据。【方法】利用一套中国优良自交系<span>lx9801背景的昌7-2单片段代换系为基础材料,与自交系T7296测交构建包含184个测交种的群体。2013年,在河南浚县和长葛两点对测交群体、单片段代换系群体等材料进行了田间鉴定,完全随机区组设计,3个重复,成熟后连续收获10株对粒长、粒宽、粒厚和百粒重进行考种。利用方差分析和<em>t</em>测验比较每个SSSL&times;T7296测验种单个性状与对照种T7296&times;lx9801的显著性差异,对玉米粒型性状的杂种优势位点进行定位。【结果】单片段代换系的两个亲本在粒型性状上表现出明显的差异,昌7-2的粒长和百粒重高于lx9801,而粒厚低于lx9801。测交群体4个籽粒性状均表现出一定的杂种优势,粒长的平均中亲优势在长葛和浚县点分别为19.32%和15.30%,粒宽的中亲优势分别为10.86%和10.07%,粒厚的中亲优势分别为6.23%和4.78%,百粒重的中亲优势分别为20.97%和25.09%。相关分析结果表明,粒长与粒宽、百粒重呈显著正相关,粒宽和粒厚与百粒重也呈显著的正相关,粒宽与粒厚呈负相关关系。在2个环境中定位了13个粒长的杂种优势位点,其中1杂种优势位点同时被检测到。粒宽定位到14个杂种优势位点,在长葛点和浚县点分别检测到1个主效的杂种优势位点。粒厚检测到25个杂种优势位点,在第2、3、7和9染色体上分别定位到1个共同的杂种优势位点。百粒重在2种环境中共检测到24个杂种优势位点,有6个杂种优势位点同时被检测到,其中在第1染色体上检测到2个共同的杂种优势位点<em>hKW1a</em>和 <em>hKW1b</em>;在第7染色体上检测一个主效的杂种优势位点<em>hKW7a</em>,在长葛点和浚县的贡献分别为20.12%和11.03%;位于第8染色体的杂种优势位点<em>hKW8b</em>在2种环境中的贡献率分别为18.64%和8.76%。【结论】玉米粒型性状的杂种优势表现依次为粒长&gt;粒宽&gt;粒厚,在2种环境中共检测到75个杂种优势位点,其中11个杂种优势位点被同时检测到。由于粒长与脱籽率显著相关,而且在育种过程中难以对籽粒性状的杂种优势进行预测,因此在育种过程中可以通过分子标记对粒长的杂种优势进行选择,从而选育出脱籽率高的优良玉米杂交</span>种。</span></span>

张伟强, 库丽霞, 张君 , .

玉米出籽率、籽粒深度和百粒重的QTL分析

作物学报, 2013,39(3):455-463.

DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.00455      Magsci     [本文引用: 1]

<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">为研究玉米出籽率、籽粒深度、百粒重的遗传机制,以豫</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">82&times;</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">沈</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">137</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">组配的</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">229</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">个</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">F</span><sub><span style="font-size: 7.5pt; color: black">2:3</span></sub><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">家系为试验材料,采用复合区间作图法进行</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">QTL</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">定位分析。在</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">3</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">个环境下共检测到</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">10</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">个</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">QTL</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">。其中,控制出籽率、籽粒深度、百粒重相关</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">QTL</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">分别为</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">3</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">个、</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">3</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">个和</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">4</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">个,它们的联合贡献率分别为</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">35.5%</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">、</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">28.1%</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">和</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">39.0%</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">。<a name="OLE_LINK44">位于第</a></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">1<span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">染色体上介于标记</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">umc1335</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">与</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">umc2236</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">之间控制出籽率的</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">QTL <em>qKR1b</em></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">和位于第</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">9</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">染色体上介于标记</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">bnlg1209&ndash;umc2095</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">之间控制百粒重</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">QTL <em>q100-KW9b</em></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">,</span></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">分别解释</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">18.9%</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">和</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">11.7%</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black">的表型变异,且作用方式为加性效应,分析表明这些区域可能包含调控玉米籽粒性状关键基因,对剖析玉米产量形成机制具有重要的参考价值。</span></p>

郭佳丽, 吕志尧, 吕颖颖 , .

玉米粒部性状对籽粒脱水速率的影响

玉米科学, 2014,22(4):33-38.

[本文引用: 1]

盖钧镒, 章元明, 王建康 . 植物数量性状遗传体系. 北京: 科学出版社, 2003.

[本文引用: 1]

盖钧镒, 章元明, 王建康 .

QTL混合遗传模型扩展至2对主基因+多基因时的多世代联合分析

作物学报, 2000,26(4):385-391.

Magsci     [本文引用: 1]

本文将Gai and Wang(1998)的P1、 F1、 P2、 B1、 B2和F2 6个世代 联合分离分析方 法从A、 B、 C、 D 4类共17种遗传模型扩展至E(2对主基因+多基因)共5类24种遗传模型 。 成分分布参数估计的方法由EM算法改进为迭代条件EM算法(IECM), 其收敛性和所获结果 优于EM算法。 水稻株高例中2对主基因+多基因的遗传模型(E-2)优于原所

孔繁玲 . 植物数量遗传学. 北京: 中国农业大学出版社, 2006.

[本文引用: 1]

金岩, 吕艳艳, 付三雄 , .

甘蓝型油菜苗期耐淹性状主基因+多基因遗传分析

作物学报, 2014,40(11):1964-1972.

DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.01964      Magsci     [本文引用: 1]

<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">长江中下游是中国油菜主产区,该地区油菜播栽期间雨水多,易产生湿害,造成产量下降。所以研究甘蓝型油菜苗期耐淹性的遗传规律,对选育耐淹性强油菜新品种,提高油菜产量意义重大。本文应用甘蓝型油菜品种</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">WR-4 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">(</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">耐淹</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">)</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">WR-5 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">(</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">不耐淹</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">)</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">杂交后代衍生的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">6</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">个世代</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">P<sub>1</sub></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">F<sub>1</sub></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">P<sub>2</sub></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">B<sub>1:2</sub></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">B<sub>2:2</sub></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">F<sub>2:3</sub></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">)</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">群体为材料,</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">全淹</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">6 d</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">后去水恢复生长,去水后第</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">7</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">天调查死苗率,以此为耐淹性指标,于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2012</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2013</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;">年</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">对</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">6</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">个世代群体家系进行耐淹性鉴定。</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">应用植物数量性状主基因</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">+</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">多基因混合遗传模型多世代联合分析方法对耐淹性进行遗传分析。结果表明,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">2</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">个年度该家系群体苗期耐淹性的最适遗传模型分别是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">E-0</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">B-3</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">,即</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">对加性</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">-</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">显性</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">-</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">上位性主基因</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">+</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">加性</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">-</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">显性</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">-</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">上位性多基因和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">对加性主基因模型。由此可见,该家系群体甘蓝型油菜苗期耐淹性主要受</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">2</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">对主基因控制,主基因存在加性、显性和上位性效应。当有显性效应存在时</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2012</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">)</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">,主基因显性效应值</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">|<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">h<sub>a</sub></em>|=0.3475</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">|<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">h<sub>b</sub></em>|=0.0069</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">,</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">大于主基因加性效应值</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; line-height: 150%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">|<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">d<sub>a</sub></em>|=|<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal">d<sub>b</sub></em>|=0.0036</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">B<sub>1:2</sub></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">B<sub>2:2</sub></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">F<sub>2:3</sub></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">群体的主基因遗传率</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">(</span><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">h</span></em><sup><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2</span></sup><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">mg</span></sub><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; color: black; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">)</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2012</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">年分别为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">36.25%</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">61.40%</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">61.84%</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">,平均为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">53.16%</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2013</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">年分别为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">8.30%</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">30.48%</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">43.13%</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">;平均为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">27.30%</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">2</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">年平均,环境变异占表型变异的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">59.77%</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">。上述结果表明,甘蓝型油菜苗期耐淹性受</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">2</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">对主基因型控制,但环境对耐淹性状的表型影响较大。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">F<sub>2:3</sub></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; layout-grid-mode: line; line-height: 150%; mso-font-kerning: 5.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ascii-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">家系群体苗期耐淹性遗传率较高,因此育种上可在早期世代对耐淹性状进行选择。</span></p>

丰光, 刘志芳, 李妍妍 , .

玉米茎秆耐穿刺强度的倒伏遗传研究

作物学报, 2009,35(11):2133-2138.

DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.02133      Magsci     [本文引用: 1]

<p><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">以沈单</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">16</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">和郑单</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">958</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">玉米单交种构成的六世代群体为材料,利用自行设计的玉米茎秆穿刺仪,对玉米地上第三茎节中部椭圆形短轴垂直于茎秆进行穿刺,测定玉米茎秆穿刺阻力。通过</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">P<sub>1</sub></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">P<sub>2</sub></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">F<sub>1</sub></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">F<sub>2</sub></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">BC<sub>1</sub></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">BC<sub>2</sub> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">6</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">个世代联合分析法,以玉米茎秆穿刺阻力为性状,研究控制玉米茎秆倒伏性的基因遗传分离规律。结果表明,该性状在两个单交种的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">F<sub>2</sub></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">分离世代群体均呈双峰分布,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">BC<sub>1</sub></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">BC<sub>2</sub></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">群体分离世代呈多峰分布,说明玉米茎秆耐穿刺性遗传为多基因数量性状控制,且符合一对加</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">-</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">显主基因+加</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">-</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">显</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">-</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">上位性多基因遗传模型</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">(</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">即</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">D</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">模型</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">)</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">;主基因遗传力为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">34.5%</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">~</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">45.7%</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">,多基因遗传力</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">41.6%</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">~</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体">56.3%</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">,两者在控制玉米茎秆耐穿刺遗传特性上都具有重要作用。这一研究结果为玉米抗倒伏性状的有效选择提供方法和理论依据。</span></p>

丰光, 王孝杰, 吕春波 , .

旅大红骨玉米种质掌状扁形果穗的遗传研究

种子, 2017,36(9):35-38.

[本文引用: 1]

张怀胜, 陈士林, 王铁固 , .

玉米穗长和穗粗的主基因-多基因混合遗传模型分析

广东农业科学, 2012(19):6-9.

[本文引用: 1]

石明亮, 江建华, 梁奎 , .

玉米新选自交系2个组合6个世代穗行数和行粒数的遗传分析

华北农学报, 2010,25(5):104-111.

DOI:10.7668/hbnxb.2010.05.022      Magsci     [本文引用: 1]

江苏省沿江地区农科所新选玉米自交系间穗行数和行粒数一般配合力差异较大,分析这些自交系间有利等位基因的分布,有助于自交系的持续改良.本研究选用其中3个自交系组配成2个组合的P1、P2、F1、B1、B2、F2 6个世代,运用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型和6个世代联合分析的方法,对穗行数和行粒数2个性状进行了遗传分析.玉米穗行数性状在S1&times;S3组合中表现为1对加性-显性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因遗传,以多基因遗传为主;在S3&times;S7组合中表现为2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因混合遗传,以主基因遗传为主.行粒数性状在2个组合中均表现为1对加性主基因+加性-显性多基因混合遗传,主基因遗传为主;多基因位点显性总效应大于加性总效应.研究结果暗示通过有利等位基因聚合改良这些自交系的穗行数比行粒数更有效.

包和平, 毕成龙, 李颖 , .

爆裂玉米百粒重性状的主基因+多基因混合遗传分析

华北农学报, 2011,26(3):199-203.

DOI:10.7668/hbnxb.2011.03.039      Magsci     [本文引用: 1]

应用植物数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型多世代联合分析方法,研究了爆裂玉米吉爆902(吉812&times;吉704)的P<sub>1</sub>、P<sub>2</sub>、F<sub>1</sub>、B<sub>1:2</sub>、B<sub>2:2</sub>和F<sub>2:3</sub> 6个世代百粒重的遗传.结果表明:百粒重性状的遗传适合D-2模型,即1对加性主基因+加性-显性多基因模型.爆裂玉米的百粒重是由1对独立主基因控制的加性遗传,主基因的加性效应为d=0.078 ,多基因的加性效应为[d]=079 2,多基因显性效应为[h]=1.49 3.B<sub>1:2</sub>、B<sub>2:2</sub>和F<sub>2:3</sub> 3个世代主基因遗传率分别为12.96%,1.42%和70.33%,多基因遗传率分别为67.63%,34.41%和12.81%.说明B<sub>2:2</sub>和F<sub>2:3</sub>世代百粒重表现出较高的主基因遗传率.对吉812-&times;吉704组合百粒重性状的改良要以主基因为主,同时注意环境的影响.

彭勃, 王阳, 李永祥 , .

玉米籽粒产量与产量构成因子的关系及条件QTL分析

作物学报, 2010,36(10):1624-1633.

DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.01624      Magsci     [本文引用: 1]

以我国玉米育种的骨干亲本齐319和黄早四构建的230个F<sub>2:3</sub>家系群体为材料,通过条件分析结合QTL定位方法探讨了单株产量(GYPP)与单株粒数(KNPP)和百粒重(KWEI)的遗传关系。结果表明,百粒重比单株粒数和单株产量遗传力高,受环境影响小。相关分析表明,单株粒数和百粒重与单株产量均呈现显著正相关,单株粒数与单株产量的相关系数更高。单株产量非条件QTL分析共定位到5个遗传主效应QTL和5对上位性位点,其中4个是控制3个性状(单株产量、单株粒数和百粒重)的一因多效性位点,1个是控制2个性状(单株产量和单株粒数)的一因多效性位点,全部5对上位性位点都与单株粒数和百粒重有关。条件QTL分析还检测到14个QTL位点及10对上位性位点,这些位点在非条件QTL分析中未被检测到,其效应较小。因此,单株粒数和百粒重与单株产量密切相关,通过改良单株粒数和百粒重可有效提高产量;条件QTL分析方法在单个QTL水平上证实了单株产量与单株粒数、百粒重较强的遗传相关性,并且能够检测到更多效应较小的QTL;发掘的两个效应较大的一因多效位点可为玉米高产分子育种和进一步精细定位提供理论参考。

曹晓良, 翟立红, 刘瑞响 , .

玉米八个产量相关性状的QTL鉴定

河北农业大学学报, 2012,35(5):1-8.

[本文引用: 1]

张向歌, 王彬, 袁亮 , .

基于单片段代换系玉米子粒性状的QTL定位

玉米科学, 2013,21(6):35-40.

[本文引用: 1]

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