Crops ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 22-26.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2018.06.004

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Research of Colchicine Induction on Root Tip Cells Chromosomal Mutation of Vicia faba and Zea mays

Wu Lifang,Wei Xiaomei,Lu Weidong,Zhao Yan,Lü Ting   

  1. College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering/Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province Universities of the Diversity and Ecological Adaptive Evolution for Animals and Plants on Yungui Plateau, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, Yunnan, China
  • Received:2018-10-04 Online:2018-12-15 Published:2018-12-06

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Abstract:

In order to further understand colchicine on genetic toxic effect on root tip cell chromosomal aberration of crops, Sensitive small Vicia faba and forage Zea mays were used as materials to research its mutation of the chromosomal aberration under the treatments of different concentration colchicine (0, 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20%) and different culture time (24h, 48h, 72h) treatment. The results showed that root tip swelling was induced by colchicine. The induction rate of root tip swelling of Vicia faba was 100% under the treatment of colchicine concentration 0.20% and treating period 24h, and the induction rate of Zea mays was 65.8% under the treatment of colchicine concentration 0.20% and treating period 72h. Mitosis of Vicia faba and Zea mays was promoted by low concentration of colchicine (0.01%, 0.05%) and was inhibited at high concentration (0.10% and more). A few types of chromosome aberration were induced, the rate of micronuclei aberration was the highest and then chromosome fragment aberration followed, the induction rate of chromosome bridge was the lowest. The chromosomal aberration rate was the highest under the treatment of colchicine concentration 0.20% and treating period 72 hours, the aberration rate of Vicia faba and Zea mays were 11.92% and 7.25% respectively. The highest chromosome doubling index of Vicia faba appeared under the treatment of colchicine concentration 0.10% and treating period 72h, and the doubling index was 7.97%. The highest chromosome doubling index of Zea mays appeared under the treatment of colchicine concentration 0.20% and treating period 24h, and the doubling index was 4.64%.

Key words: Colchicine, Vicia faba, Zea mays, Mitosis, Chromosomal mutation

Table 1

Effects of colchicine treatment on mitotic of root tip cells of Vicia faba and Zea mays %"

秋水仙素质量分数(%)
Colchicine concentration		 蚕豆有丝分裂指数Mitotic index of Vicia faba 玉米有丝分裂指数Mitotic index of Zea mays
24h 48h 72h 24h 48h 72h
对照组CK 12.92bA 13.10bA 13.28aA 9.17cA 9.43aA 9.52aA
0.01 13.87aA 13.32abB 12.87bC 9.89bA 9.36aB 9.20abC
0.05 14.18aA 13.46aB 12.68bC 10.32aA 9.44aB 9.01bC
0.10 12.49bA 12.33cA 12.11cA 9.43cA 8.63bB 8.37cB
0.15 11.40cA 11.13dA 10.70dAB 9.21cA 8.46bB 8.27cC
0.20 10.44dA 9.40eB 8.90eB 7.78dA 7.27cAB 6.62dB

Table 2

Effects of colchicine treatment on chromosome aberration rate of root tip cells of Vicia faba and Zea mays %"

秋水仙素质量分数(%)
Colchicine concentration		 蚕豆染色体畸变率Chromosome aberration rate of Vicia faba 玉米染色体畸变率Chromosome aberration rate of Zea mays
24h 48h 72h 24h 48h 72h
0.01 3.32eC 4.28eB 4.89eA 2.34dC 3.84cB 4.31eA
0.05 4.66dB 4.89dB 6.24dA 3.60cC 4.45cB 4.95dA
0.10 6.50cC 8.28cB 10.28cA 4.64bB 5.29bB 6.17cA
0.15 9.22bC 10.38bB 10.97bA 5.52aC 5.93aB 6.83bA
0.20 10.37aC 11.27aB 11.92aA 5.77aB 6.37aB 7.25aA

Table 3

Induction effects of colchicine treatment on chromosome doubling index of root tip cells of Vicia faba and Zea mays %"

秋水仙素质量分数(%)
Colchicine concentration		 蚕豆根尖细胞染色体加倍指数
Chromosome doubling index of root tip cells of Vicia faba		 玉米根尖细胞染色体加倍指数
Chromosome doubling index of root tip cells of Zea mays
24h 48h 72h 24h 48h 72h
0.01 3.49dC 5.51cB 6.46cdA 1.85bB 2.70cA 2.78cA
0.05 4.71cC 6.33bB 7.45bA 2.19bB 3.40bA 3.43bA
0.10 5.09bC 7.11aB 7.97aA 4.45aA 4.21aA 3.86ab
0.15 5.44bB 6.19bAB 6.70cA 4.04aA 4.21aA 4.17a
0.20 5.91aB 6.23bA 6.23dA 4.64aA 4.19aA 4.28a
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