Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 60-67.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.05.009

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Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Nutritional Quality and Grain Color of 69 Domestic Finger Millet Resources

Hu Liqin1(), Wang Suhua1, Zhang Lu1, Yang Xuele1, He Luqiu1, Tang Rui2(), Li Jiguang1()   

  1. 1Hunan Crop Research Institute, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China
    2Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China
  • Received:2024-04-11 Revised:2024-04-29 Online:2024-10-15 Published:2024-10-16

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Abstract:

In this study, 12 nutritional indexes such as grain color (brightness: L*, red: a*, yellow: b*), starch and total flavone contents of 69 finger millets resources were determined, and the differences of nutritional indexes of grain color and the correlation between grain color and nutritional indexes were analyzed according to L*, a* and b* values. The results showed that the cluster analysis of 69 finger millet resources were separated into three groups: brown-yellow, brownness, and black-red. The average contents of protein, total amino acid, calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, and VB2 of black red finger millets were higher than those of all other colors, and the magnesium content was significantly different from that of the other two kinds of grain colors (P < 0.01). The correlation results exhibited that both calcium and magnesium contents were negatively correlated with L* and b* (P< 0.01). The lower the L* and b* values, the higher the content of Ca and Mg. Total glucose was negatively correlated with L* value (P < 0.01), total starch content was negatively correlated with b* value (P < 0.05), and the rest were not correlated with grain color value.

Key words: Finger millet, Grain color, Nutritional index, Flavonoid content

Table 1

Grain color classification of 69 finger millet resources"

编号Number L* a* b* 聚类Cluster 编号Number L* a* b* 聚类Cluster
C1 65.7±2.1 15.7±0.6 47.3±4.5 1 C18 60.7±0.6 21.3±2.5 45.7±5.0 1
C2 67.0±4.4 15.7±1.2 38.3±3.2 1 C19 41.7±1.5 21.3±3.5 16.3±2.1 2
C3 61.7±2.1 13.0±5.6 33.3±12.9 1 C20 63.7±1.5 21.3±2.5 50.7±2.3 1
C4 63.3±3.2 15.3±2.1 40.7±6.7 1 C21 53.0±1.7 22.7±3.1 25.3±3.1 2
C5 53.3±3.1 23.3±1.5 48.7±2.5 1 C22 52.7±3.2 18.3±2.3 34.0±2.6 1
C6 52.0±2.6 32.0±3.5 50.7±4.6 1 C23 53.3±1.5 14.0±4.0 30.7±5.9 1
C7 63.7±2.1 18.7±3.8 28.0±1.0 1 C24 51.0±2.6 19.3±1.5 45.0±2.6 1
C8 52.7±1.5 20.3±2.1 43.3±3.1 1 C25 31.0±4.0 15.3±1.5 18.3±0.0 2
C9 54.3±3.1 16.7±2.9 40.0±8.9 1 C26 32.7±2.5 23.0±3.6 18.3±2.5 2
C10 63.0±3.6 15.3±2.5 46.3±2.1 1 C27 41.0±2.6 26.0±1.7 26.3±3.8 2
C11 55.7±1.5 23.3±2.5 39.3±3.5 1 C28 58.7±3.1 15.3±1.5 46.3±2.5 1
C12 55.3±3.2 27.7±1.5 49.0±2.0 1 C29 50.0±2.0 19.0±1.7 34.3±4.0 1
C13 53.7±1.5 12.3±1.5 33.0±3.0 1 C30 59.0±1.0 17.7±2.5 43.0±1.7 1
C14 62.0±1.0 18.3±4.7 45.3±10.8 1 C31 60.0±1.0 19.0±2.6 46.3±5.8 1
C15 54.3±2.1 15.7±1.2 35.3±2.1 1 C32 33.7±2.3 24.7±2.3 24.7±2.3 2
C16 28.7±0.6 13.7±1.5 2.7±4.2 3 C33 32.0±2.6 17.0±1.7 24.3±1.5 2
C17 53.3±1.5 20.7±3.1 36.7±3.2 1 C34 14.0±1.7 4.3±1.2 1.0±0.0 3
C35 55.7±2.3 17.7±2.5 35.7±1.5 1 C54 63.7±1.2 14.7±0.6 54.7±1.5 1
C36 56.0±3.0 16.7±1.5 46.3±3.5 1 C55 46.3±3.5 29.3±1.5 46.7±2.9 1
C37 58.3±2.1 19.0±1.0 52.0±2.6 1 C56 47.7±0.6 27.7±1.5 41.3±2.1 1
C38 64.7±1.5 16.3±4.6 42.3±3.5 1 C57 70.7±1.5 20.3±1.5 45.3±3.5 1
C39 17.7±2.1 7.3±3.8 -0.7±0.6 3 C58 47.7±2.5 27.3±2.5 32.7±4.0 2
C40 40.0±1.0 21.0±2.0 18.0±4.0 2 C59 71.3±2.1 1.3±0.6 33.3±1.5 1
C41 53.3±2.1 21.7±3.8 36.0±3.0 1 C60 42.0±4.6 19.0±2.6 27.3±5.5 2
C42 40.7±4.2 23.7±2.9 25.7±0.6 2 C61 40.3±4.9 17.0±1.0 22.0±3.6 2
C43 58.0±1.0 20.7±2.5 40.7±3.8 1 C62 54.0±0.0 16.3±4.0 14.0±4.6 2
C44 57.3±1.5 15.3±1.2 47.3±5.0 1 C63 66.0±5.0 11.0±0.0 45.3±1.5 1
C45 39.7±2.9 17.7±2.1 22.7±2.1 2 C64 69.3±3.2 10.0±2.6 31.7±1.5 1
C46 40.0±2.0 19.0±3.0 24.3±1.2 2 C65 67.0±2.6 10.7±3.8 35.0±2.6 1
C47 38.0±1.7 23.3±2.1 23.0±3.6 2 C66 41.7±2.1 29.3±1.5 34.3±4.5 2
C48 57.0±1.0 19.7±4.0 46.0±3.6 1 C67 56.0±3.0 18.0±3.0 38.0±4.6 1
C49 24.7±2.5 15.0±3.0 2.3±3.1 3 C68 62.7±2.1 11.3±0.6 36.0±1.0 1
C50 39.3±4.5 17.3±2.5 29.7±3.1 2 C69 32.7±3.5 13.0±3.0 11.0±3.5 3
C51 45.7±2.5 31.0±2.0 45.0±3.0 1 最大值Max. 71.3 32.0 54.7
C52 64.3±4.2 12.0±4.4 36.3±5.1 1 最小值Min. 14.0 1.3 -0.7
C53 50.3±1.5 18.3±1.5 33.3±2.5 1 变异系数CV (%) 25.4 31.7 38.6

Fig.1

Grain color of representative finger millet resources"

Fig.2

The difference of carbohydrate contents in finger millet with different grain colors “*”indicates significant difference (P < 0.05), the same below."

Fig.3

The difference of protein and total amino acid contents in finger millet with different grain colors"

Fig.4

The difference of mineral element contents in finger millet with different grain colors “**”indicates extremely significant difference (P < 0.01)."

Fig.5

The difference of VB1 and VB2 contents in finger millet with different grain colors"

Fig.6

The difference of total flavonoid content in finger millet with different grain colors"

Table 2

Correlation of grain color L*, a*, b* values with nutritional indexes and total flavonoid content"

指标Index TS SC DF PC AA Mg K Ca Fe VB1 VB2 TF
L* -0.323** -0.202 -0.038 -0.204 0.091 -0.304* -0.136 -0.339** -0.175 -0.021 -0.141 0.177
a* 0.155 -0.083 0.106 -0.183 -0.111 -0.208 -0.142 -0.064 -0.034 0.001 -0.054 -0.166
b* -0.152 -0.261* -0.063 -0.212 0.076 -0.322** -0.086 -0.273* -0.057 -0.069 -0.152 0.095

Table 3

Parental analysis of the excellent resources of black-red finger millet"

指标
Index		 黑红色穇子Black-red finger millet 三大主粮营养成分[3] The nutrients of three main crops
C16 C34 C39 C49 C69 稻米Rice 小麦Wheat 玉米Maize
TS (g/100g) 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5 － － －
SC (g/100g) 48.6 71.7 71.2 57.7 64.5 77.2 64.0 62.3
DF (g/100g) 9.8 11.5 11.8 10.9 11.4 3.7 12.1 12.8
PC (g/100g) 3.8 6.7 5.1 5.1 5.5 7.5 14.4 12.1
AA (g/100g) 6.5 3.3 6.9 3.4 3.4 － － －
Mg (mg/100g) 167.0 167.0 165.0 164.0 163.0 32.0 120.0 0.2
K (mg/100g) 598.0 674.0 605.0 552.0 487.0 130.0 363.0 270.0
Ca (mg/100g) 404.0 271.0 443.0 376.0 396.0 10.0 41.0 10.0
Fe (mg/100g) 3.0 3.31 2.66 2.7 2.9 0.5 3.9 3.9
VB1 (mg/100g) 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.2
VB2 (mg/100g) 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 5.5 0.1
TF (mg/100g) 184.0 165.0 172.0 168.0 201.0 323.0 － －
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