Abstract:

Due to the long-term water impact, the farmland types in the old area of the Yellow River are mainly low- and medium-yielding fields. Therefore, the improvement of farmland quality in this area has become an important research topic for the green development of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. Based on the ways of returning straw to the field in Qingfeng area of Puyang, three main crops including wheat, corn, and peanut, widely planted in the old area of the Yellow River have been chosen. In 2009, four long-term planting experiments (wheat-corn, wheat-peanut, wheat-corn-wheat-peanut and peanut single season. wheat, corn stover returned to field all, peanuts without straw) were set up to explore the effects of different planting patterns on the soil properties and microbial community structure. The results showed that the more straw returned to the field, the more soil organic matter content was increased. The wheat-peanut, wheat-corn-wheat-peanut rotation cropping model had the highest soil organic matter content and its soil moisture content was also significantly higher than other treatments. The soil bulk density had been reduced, which had significantly improved soil sandiness and improved the soil water storage capacity; the planting model with a large amount of straw returning to the field had significantly improved nutrient retention capacity and nutrient content; The response of the microbial community structure to different planting patterns was that the peanuts could significantly increase microbial abundance, and the diversity of microbial communities increased with the types of crops grown. The wheat-corn-wheat-peanut planting model is more suitable for the area of the old course of the Qingfeng Yellow River in Puyang, which is conducive to soil improvement and the sustainable development of regional agriculture.

Key words: Yellow River Course, Planting pattern, Physical and chemical properties of soil, Microbial diversity, Soil improvement