Crops ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 180-185.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.01.029

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The Improved Effects of Planting Asparagus on Soil in Cold Desertification Area

Liping Mao1,Dongtang Wu1,Weimin Guo1,Jun Ren2   

  1. 1 Vegetable Research Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China
    2 Institute of Crop Sciences, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2018-07-24 Revised:2018-12-10 Online:2019-02-15 Published:2019-02-01
  • Contact: Jun Ren

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Abstract:

In order to evaluate the effect of soil improvement by planting asparagus on soil in cold and sandy area, a field experiment was carried out in Youyu, Shuozhou, Shanxi Province. Four different planting year treatments of Asparagus as 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th year since planting were set up and naked sandy soil before planting was used as the CK. Soil physical and chemical properties and Asparagus growth indexes were determined. Results were as follow: compared with CK, with the increase of planting years, soil clay and silt content increased, sand content decreased, soil bulk density decreased, soil water holding capacity increased. The values of pH and EC in soil decreased, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium content increased. In the 4th year of planting Asparagus, compared with CK, four aspects changed significantly: (1) soil clay content increased to 29.8%, powder sand content increased to 12.6%, and the sand content reduced to 57.6%, bulk density reduced, water holding capacity increased, and soil transformed from loam type to clay type; (2) the pH of soil decreased by 0.75 units and the EC decreased by 0.08mS/cm; (3) soil organic matter content increased by 28.89%, total nitrogen content increased by 95.12%, available phosphorus content increased by 94.92%, available potassium content increased by 45.40%, soil fertility was significantly enhanced; (4) production of Asparagus reached 6 037.5kg/hm2 under this condition. Therefore, cultivation of Asparagus for 4 years continuously can improve the physical structure of soil, improve soil nutrients, reduce the degree of salinity, and can be used as one of the pioneer crops to improvement soil condition in cold desertification area, and achieve ecological benefits and economic benefits simultaneously.

Key words: Cold desertification area, Asparagus, Soil fertility, Soil texture, Salinity, Soil improvement

Table 1

Growth and development of Asparagus in different planting years"

处理 Treatment 地上部Aboveground 地下部Underground 产量
(kg/hm2)
Yield
株幅(m)
Plant
width		 株高(m)
Plant
height		 单株茎数 Stem number
per plant		 茎粗(cm)
Stem
diameter		 生育指数 Growth
index		 根系横径(m)
Root diameter		 根系纵深(m)
Root depth		 单株贮藏根数
Number of storage
root per plant		 贮藏根直径(cm)
Diameter of
storage root		 单株根系鲜重(kg)
Root fresh weight
per plant
T1 0.22d 0.41c 5.4c 0.17b 37.6d 0.42b 0.13d 29.6d 0.31c 0.05d 0
T2 0.62c 1.22b 7.6b 1.14a 1 057.0c 1.24c 0.20c 158.3c 0.45b 1.22c 0
T3 0.89b 1.75a 7.9b 1.22a 1 686.7b 1.59b 0.35b 345.1b 0.53a 1.81b 2 794.5b
T4 1.02a 1.78a 8.9a 1.28a 2 027.8a 1.82a 0.41a 622.3a 0.56a 2.84a 6 037.5a

Fig.1

Effects of Asparagus planting years on different grade particle content in sandy soil Different small letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05), the same below"

Fig.2

Effects of Asparagus planting years on field moisture capacity and soil bulk weight"

Fig.3

Effects of Asparagus planting years on soil EC and pH"

Fig.4

Effects of Asparagus planting years on soil fertility of sand"

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