Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 100-108.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.03.013

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Effects of Nitrogen Management on Growth and Development, Soil Physical and Chemical Properties of Late-Season Rice under Different Straw Retention Treatments of Early-Season Rice in Direct Seeding Mode of Double-Season Rice

Jiang Min1,3(), He Aibin3, Sun Huijuan1,3, Man Jianguo3, Nie Lixiao2,3()   

  1. 1Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xiangyang 441057, Hubei, China
    2College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
    3College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
  • Received:2023-02-02 Revised:2023-07-08 Online:2024-06-15 Published:2024-06-18

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Abstract:

The aims of this study were to explore effects of different straw retention practices of early-season rice (ESR) and nitrogen (N) management of late-season rice (LSR) on growth and development of LSR and soil physical and chemical properties in direct seeding of double-season rice (DS-DSR). The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design with N application ratio and straw retention practices. Under the total nitrogen application of 150 kg/ha in LSR, two different N application ratio were set as main plots, which was N1 (base fertilizer:tillering fertilizer:panicle fertilizer=1:1:1) and N2 (base fertilizer:tillering fertilizer:panicle fertilizer= 2:1:1). Five straw retention practices were set as subplots, including straw retention (SR), straw retention with liming (SR+L), straw retention with straw decomposing inoculant (SR+S), straw retention with liming, straw- decomposing inoculant (SR+L+S), and no straw retention (CK). The results showed that SR decreased seeding quality and soil pH of LSR compared to CK treatment. However, the treatment of SR+L accelerated straw decomposition rate of ESR, and increased soil available K content of LSR. Meanwhile, N2 application level increased the emergence rate and seedling quality of LSR, alleviated the adverse effects of straw retention in the short period. In addition, the treatment of SR+L and N2 synergistically increased the soil pH of LSR. Thus, SR+L and N2 synergistically increased the yield of LSR by 8.4%. The adverse effects of straw of ESR on LSR could be reduced by applying lime and increasing the amount of base fertilizer (N2) of LSR after the straw retention in the field, so as to increase the yield of LSR.

Key words: Direct seeding of double-season rice, Straw retention, Nitrogen management, Lime, Straw- decomposing inoculant

Table 1

Effects of different straw retention treatments of early-season rice on yield and its components of late-season rice under two nitrogen managements"

氮肥运筹
Nitrogen
management		 处理
Treatment		 产量
Yield
(t/hm2)		 穗数
Panicle number
(×104/hm2)		 穗粒数
Grain number
per panicle		 结实率
Seed-setting
rate (%)		 千粒重
1000-grain
weight (g)
N1 CK 8.23±0.11de 518±11d 81±3cd 83.0±1.0c 21.4±0.3a
SR 8.64±0.07c 534±26c 85±2bcd 82.8±2.2c 20.8±0.5bc
SR+L 9.06±0.13ab 542±9b 82±2cd 88.8±1.1a 20.8±0.1bc
SR+S 7.98±0.28e 424±23f 101±3a 81.3±2.0c 20.7±0.4bc
SR+L+S 7.98±0.18e 507±46e 84±9bcd 81.8±3.1c 20.8±0.3bc
平均 8.38B 505B 86A 83.5A 20.9A
N2 CK 8.50±0.27cd 509±35e 86±6b 83.8±1.4bc 20.7±0.7bc
SR 8.75±0.19bc 542±13b 80±3d 86.8±2.1ab 21.1±0.2abc
SR+L 9.37±0.33a 562±13a 81±4d 89.5±1.3a 20.9±0.2bc
SR+S 8.62±0.44cd 532±32c 82±3cd 84.5±2.4bc 21.1±0.2ab
SR+L+S 8.66±0.49c 542±20b 85±5bc 82.3±2.7c 20.6±0.3c
平均 8.78A 537A 83B 85.4A 20.9A
ANOVA N ** *** ** ** ns
S *** *** *** *** *
N×S ** *** *** * **

Fig.1

Effects of different straw retention treatments of early-season rice on straw decomposition rate under two nitrogen managements"

Fig.2

Effects of different straw retention treatments of early-season rice on seedling emergence rate of late-season rice under two nitrogen managements Different lowercase letters represent the significant difference at the 0.05 level. The same below."

Table 2

Effects of different straw retention treatments of early-season rice on seedling quality of late-season rice under two nitrogen managements"

氮肥运筹
Nitrogen
management		 处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 总白根数
Total white
root number		 根长
Root length
(cm)		 总根干重
Total root dry
weight (g)		 地上部干重
Total above ground
dry weight (g)
N1 CK 13.4±0.5a 111.0±3.2bc 4.7±0.5cd 0.15±0.01bc 0.50±0.01b
SR 13.2±0.5a 103.0±5.8d 4.6±0.0cd 0.14±0.01bcd 0.49±0.01b
SR+L 13.4±0.1a 117.0±3.5ab 4.5±0.1d 0.12±0.01de 0.47±0.01c
SR+S 13.1±0.5a 103.5±7.3d 4.5±0.0d 0.13±0.01cd 0.47±0.02c
SR+L+S 13.3±1.0a 111.0±3.7bc 4.5±0.0d 0.11±0.03e 0.47±0.01c
平均 13.3A 109.1A 4.5B 0.13B 0.48B
N2 CK 13.2±0.4a 114.8±1.9ab 5.2±0.1a 0.18±0.02a 0.53±0.01a
SR 12.9±0.2a 102.5±4.0d 5.0±0.4ab 0.16±0.01ab 0.53±0.02a
SR+L 13.2±0.3a 119.8±1.3a 4.8±0.1bc 0.16±0.01ab 0.54±0.01a
SR+S 12.9±0.2a 106.3±6.2cd 4.7±0.1cd 0.15±0.01bc 0.54±0.01a
SR+L+S 13.1±0.7a 114.5±4.2ab 4.7±0.1cd 0.14±0.01bc 0.53±0.01a
平均 13.0A 111.6A 4.9A 0.16A 0.53A
ANOVA N ns ns ** * **
S ns ** ** ** ns
N×S ns ** ns ns *

Fig.3

Effects of different straw retention treatments on steam and tillering number of late-season rice under two nitrogen managements MT: mid-tillering; PI: panicle initiation; HD: heading, the same below."

Fig.4

Effects of different straw retention treatments on soil pH values of late-season rice at different growth stage under two nitrogen managements MS: maturity stage, the same below."

Fig.5

Effects of different straw retention treatments on available K contents of late-season rice at different growth stages under two nitrogen managements"

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