Crops ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 103-109.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2018.06.016

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Effects of Different Application Proportion of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Grain-Filling Characteristics and Yield of Hybrid Indica Rice in Southern Henan Province

Cui Yanni,Zhan Junhui,Yan Pengqi,Ke Wenjing,Song Ningyuan,Zhang Zhongnan,Wang Liuhang,Huang Yan,Zhang Jing,Zhao Quanzhi   

  1. College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University/Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops/Key Laboratory of Rice Biology in Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
  • Received:2018-07-23 Online:2018-12-15 Published:2018-12-06

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Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of nitrogen (N) management on grain-filling characteristics and the yield of hybrid indica rice in southern Henan Province, 3 hybrid cultivars, Guangliangyou 1128, Shenliangyou 1813 and Y liangyou 900 were planted with 4 N application proportions (base-tiller N fertilizer:panicle N fertilizer) which were 8:2 (N1), 7:3 (N2), 6:4 (N3) and 5:5 (N4). The total amount of N fertilizer application was 246kg/hm 2 in each treatment. There were significant effects of different proportion of N application on rice yields and its composition. The results showed that the yield of N3 and N4 treatment was 15.15% and 13.83% higher than N1 resulting from increase of the number of effective panicles, grain number per spike and setting rate. The highest harvest index of rice under N4 treatment reached 43.98%. Dry matter of N3 and N4 treatments from heading to maturity was increased by 13.62t/hm 2and 12.88t/hm 2 respectively. Superior grain significantly induced of the initial growth vigor, increased maximum grain-filling rate and delayed time of grain filling and increased grain weight when the maximum grain-filling rate was reached in N3 treatment. N3 and N4 treatments increased the yield of hybrid indica rice by improving the dry matter accumulation and translocation after rice flowers and changing grain-filling process of superior grain.

Key words: Nitrogen management, Rice, Grain-filling characteristics, Yield

Fig.1

The monthly maximum and minimum temperatures in Xinyang City from 2011 to 2015"

Table 1

Dry matter weight and harvest index under different application proportion of nitrogen fertilizer"

N处理
N treatment		 品种
Variety		 抽穗期植株干物质重(t/hm2)
Dry matter weight at heading stage		 成熟期干物质重Dry matter weight at mature stage (t/hm2) 收获指数(%)
Harvest index
稻草Straw 稻穗Ear 植株Plant
N1 P1 9.47±0.34a 10.07±0.22a 9.57±0.2b 19.64±0.08b 40.35±3.69a
P2 10.07±0.82a 10.79±0.41a 10.91±0.52a 21.70±0.42a 40.77±3.96a
P3 9.54±0.46a 8.17±0.28b 9.58±0.20b 17.75±0.41c 40.74±2.10a
平均Average 9.69a 9.68b 10.02b 19.70b 40.62ab
N2 P1 10.65±0.63a 10.49±0.64a 9.72±0.21b 20.22±0.63a 39.07±0.70a
P2 9.91±0.37a 10.10±0.32a 10.96±0.37a 21.06±0.67a 41.69±0.48a
P3 7.93±0.41b 9.21±0.40a 10.79±0.02a 20.00±0.41a 42.71±2.92a
平均Average 9.50a 9.93b 10.49b 20.43b 41.16ab
N3 P1 9.12±0.63a 11.33±0.2a 11.67±0.57a 23.01±0.76a 35.63±4.09a
P2 9.13±0.16a 11.75±0.46a 11.85±0.48a 23.61±0.11a 40.80±0.56a
P3 8.43±0.51a 9.83±0.47b 11.09±0.61a 20.91±1.05a 40.75±2.54a
平均Average 8.89a 10.97a 11.54a 22.51a 39.06b
N4 P1 10.50±0.66a 10.54±0.11ab 11.84±0.34a 22.39±0.33ab 42.10±1.84a
P2 9.90±0.06a 11.24±0.25a 12.12±0.37a 23.36±0.45a 45.37±0.48a
P3 8.59±0.78a 9.90±0.36b 12.00±0.50a 21.90±0.15b 44.47±0.39a
平均Average 9.67a 10.56ab 11.99a 22.55a 43.98a
F值F value 肥料Fertilizer 1.47 7.62** 15.30** 22.54** 2.16
品种Variety 7.06** 23.19** 3.95* 18.60** 1.88
肥料×品种
Fertilizer×Variety		 1.37 1.35 1.21 1.80 0.24

Table 2

Grain yield and its components under different application proportion of nitrogen fertilizer"

N处理
N treatment		 品种
Variety		 有效穗数(×104/hm2)
Effective panicles		 每穗粒数
Spikelets per panicle		 结实率(%)
Seed setting rate		 千粒重(g)
1000-grain weight		 产量(t/hm2)
Yield
N1 P1 151.70±2.18b 190.25±14.36b 76.80±1.26b 28.25±0.43a 10.17±0.39a
P2 200.10±2.57a 211.11±13.75b 85.18±0.55a 24.48±0.13b 10.92±0.36a
P3 130.42±2.96c 316.24±13.41a 72.94±1.51b 23.73±0.12b 10.81±0.10a
平均Average 160.74a 239.20a 78.31b 25.49a 10.63b
N2 P1 171.10±5.56b 216.45±4.41b 79.88±1.59a 28.07±0.08a 10.71±0.12b
P2 210.48±5.34a 197.67±6.28b 85.04±0.06a 24.86±0.11b 11.11±0.15b
P3 152.67±9.02b 297.11±13.50a 79.94±2.14a 23.64±0.19c 11.71±0.12a
平均Average 178.08a 237.08a 81.62ab 25.52a 11.17b
N3 P1 176.38±2.97b 227.47±4.70b 77.27±1.16b 27.84±0.43a 11.76±0.08a
P2 222.33±4.45a 206.65±2.84b 83.80±0.46a 25.08±0.12b 12.30±0.16a
P3 171.74±9.94b 299.88±29.14a 76.73±1.02b 23.68±0.09c 12.67±0.48a
N处理
N treatment		 品种
Variety		 有效穗数(×104/hm2)
Effective panicles		 每穗粒数
Spikelets per panicle		 结实率(%)
Seed setting rate		 千粒重(g)
1000-grain weight		 产量(t/hm2)
Yield
平均Average 190.15a 244.67a 79.27ab 25.53a 12.24a
N4 P1 171.95±5.93b 217.85±5.64b 80.25±1.30b 28.05±0.11a 11.92±0.61a
P2 220.85±3.92a 221.69±6.80b 86.21±0.80a 25.13±0.31b 12.14±0.08a
P3 158.77±1.31b 338.84±28.89a 81.80±0.47b 24.04±0.08c 12.24±0.32a
平均Average 183.86a 259.46a 82.75a 25.74a 12.10a
F值F value 肥料Fertilizer 138.56** 63.73** 46.17** 399.38** 2.69
品种Variety 16.91** 1.41 9.27** 0.78 0.28
肥料×品种
Fertilizer×Variety		 0.80 0.96 2.39 1.11 1.15

Fig.2

Grain filling rate curves of superior and inferior grains in rice under different application proportion of nitrogen fertilizer"

Table 3

Effects of different application proportion of nitrogen fertilizer on parameters of Richards equation and grain filling parameters of rice"

N处理
N treatment		 品种
Variety		 A B K N R2 R0 tmax·G Wmax·G Gmax Gmean
强势粒 N1 P1 32.40 48.68 0.43 1.15 0.997 0.37 8.80 16.64 3.30 2.19
Superior P2 27.09 49.92 0.47 1.16 0.997 0.40 8.08 13.96 3.00 1.99
grain P3 25.15 4.37×104 0.83 4.09 0.998 0.20 11.22 16.90 2.74 1.70
平均Average / / / / / 0.32 9.37 15.83 3.01 1.96
N2 P1 32.52 3.53 0.31 0.32 0.999 0.96 7.78 13.66 3.19 2.16
P2 26.86 2.98 0.34 0.33 0.999 1.05 6.52 11.30 2.90 1.96
P3 27.16 5.79×107 1.24 7.12 1.000 0.17 12.86 20.23 3.09 1.84
平均Average / / / / / 0.73 9.05 15.06 3.06 1.99
N3 P1 32.81 30.86 0.41 1.03 1.000 0.40 8.29 16.50 3.33 2.22
P2 27.16 2.77×1061 10.75 83.80 0.999 0.13 12.75 25.76 3.27 1.70
P3 26.40 1.54×1018 2.89 19.70 1.000 0.15 13.45 22.64 3.16 1.76
平均Average / / / / / 0.23 11.50 21.63 3.25 1.89
N4 P1 32.12 62.24 0.45 1.25 0.999 0.36 8.73 16.78 3.35 2.22
P2 27.80 5.55×1050 9.81 81.61 0.999 0.12 11.46 26.34 3.13 1.63
P3 26.43 4 299.94 0.65 3.53 1.000 0.19 10.86 17.23 2.49 1.56
平均Average / / / / / 0.22 10.35 20.12 2.99 1.80
弱势粒
 N1 P1 7.60 17.89 0.02 0.62 0.883 0.03 157.93 3.49 0.05 0.03
Inferior
 P2 22.26 1.49×1074 5.06 66.55 1.000 0.08 32.90 20.90 1.57 0.82
grain P3 15.85 4.84×1059 4.01 60.03 0.997 0.07 33.25 14.80 0.97 0.51
平均Average / / / / / 0.06 74.69 13.06 0.86 0.45
N2 P1 11.08 2.21 0.01 0.19 0.936 0.07 167.95 4.44 0.05 0.04
P2 20.32 3.50 0.04 0.44 0.997 0.09 51.32 8.86 0.25 0.17
P3 15.12 5.12×1034 2.17 38.71 0.997 0.06 35.20 13.75 0.75 0.40
平均Average / / / / / 0.07 84.82 9.02 0.35 0.20
N3 P1 8.30 14.32 0.02 0.56 0.923 0.04 152.79 3.76 0.05 0.03
P2 19.46 2.80×1050 3.30 47.36 0.997 0.07 34.02 17.93 1.22 0.65
P3 15.30 3.90×1037 2.36 39.93 0.999 0.06 35.15 13.94 0.80 0.43
平均Average / / / / / 0.06 84.82 9.02 0.35 0.20
N4 P1 12.29 0.49 0.01 0.06 0.912 0.20 165.79 4.66 0.05 0.04
P2 21.35 1.43×1044 2.87 40.07 0.998 0.07 34.17 19.46 1.36 0.73
P3 14.85 13553.24 0.23 4.49 0.997 0.05 34.30 10.16 0.43 0.27
平均Average / / / / / 0.11 78.09 11.43 0.61 0.35
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