Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 135-140.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.02.019

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Evaluation of Photoperiod Sensitivity of Japonica Rice in Cold Regions under Different Photoperiod Conditions

Zhao Fuyang(), Ma Bo, Hu Jifang, Tan Kefei, Liu Chuanzeng, Yan Feng, Dong Yang, Hou Xiaomin, Li Qingquan, Han Yehui   

  1. Qiqihar Branch, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161006, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2024-01-09 Revised:2024-04-09 Online:2025-04-15 Published:2025-04-16

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Abstract:

This study investigated the plant height, tiller number, basal angle, opening angle, leaf length, leaf chord length, leaf width, drape degree, drape angle, extraction degree, first internode length, stem base width, and other major agronomic traits of 20 japonica rice varieties grown in cold regions for two consecutive years in two ecological areas with different sunshine lengths in Sanya, Hainan and Qiqihar, Heilongjiang. By comparing and analyzing the relative photoperiod sensitivity of 12 agronomic traits, and using regression analysis method to evaluate the response of agronomic traits to photoperiod sensitivity, and indicators that can accurately reflect the photoperiod sensitivity of rice were further screened, providing a theoretical basis for genetic analysis and localization of rice photoperiod sensitivity. The results showed that the relative sensitivity of each indicator to photoperiod was as follows: drape degree (85.88), leaf chord length (83.45), leaf length (82.69), the length of first internode (70.26), stem base width (70.10), base angle (58.28), opening angle (56.42), drape angle (53.16), tiller number (26.81), plant height (17.62), leaf width (-15.88), and extraction degree (-17.24). Based on regression analysis of comprehensive indicators of various traits and relative sensitivity analysis of agronomic traits, it was found that leaf length and drape can be used as indicators of photoperiod sensitivity, while extraction degree had a weak response to photoperiod sensitivity and was not suitable for evaluation indicators of photoperiod sensitivity in rice. In order to better evaluate the comprehensive grading of the photosensitivity of the tested varieties, the Ward method in SPSS software was used to perform cluster analysis on the D values of the tested varieties. The 20 tested varieties can be preliminarily divided into three groups: group I is highly photosensitive varieties, group II is moderately photosensitive varieties, and group III is low photosensitive varieties.

Key words: Japonica rice, Agronomic traits, Photoperiod sensitivity, Comprehensive evaluation, Principal component analysis

Fig.1

Relative sensitivity of each trait under different photoperiod conditions"

Table 1

The eigenvalues of each principal component"

主成分
Principal
component		 特征值
Eigenvalue		 方差贡献率
Variance contribution
rate (%)		 累计方差贡献率
Cumulative variance
contribution rate (%)
1 4.133 34.445 34.445
2 2.991 24.921 59.366
3 1.726 14.387 73.754
4 1.051 8.761 82.515
5 0.855 7.128 89.643
6 0.488 4.064 93.707
7 0.300 2.504 96.210
8 0.246 2.049 98.259
9 0.141 1.175 99.434
10 0.065 0.545 99.979
11 0.002 0.018 99.998
12 0.000 0.002 100.000

Table 2

The weighted coefficients of agronomic traits in three principal components"

性状
Characteristic		 主成分Principal component
1 2 3
株高Plant height 0.394 0.677 0.129
茎蘖数Tiller number -0.064 -0.257 0.887
基角Cardinal angle 0.671 -0.631 -0.102
开张角Opening angle 0.753 -0.566 -0.013
叶长Leaf length 0.912 0.097 0.153
叶弦长Blade chord length 0.930 0.062 0.158
叶宽Leaf width 0.224 -0.595 0.545
披垂度Drape 0.859 0.277 -0.217
披垂角Angle of droop 0.464 -0.001 0.042
抽出度Extraction degree -0.245 0.517 0.689
第一节间长
The length of first internode		 0.280 0.792 0.179
茎基宽Stem base width 0.345 0.640 -0.108

Table 3

D-value and predicted values of photosynthetic parameters"

编号
Number		 品种
Variety		 株高
Plant
height		 茎蘖数
Tiller
number		 基角
Cardinal
angle		 开张角
Opening
angle		 叶长
Leaf
length		 叶弦长
Blade
chord
length		 叶宽
Leaf
width		 披垂度
Drape		 披垂角
Angle
of
droop		 抽出度
Extraction
degree		 第一节间长
The length
of first
internode		 茎基宽
Stem
base
width		 D值
D-
value		 排名
Ranking		 预测值
Predicted
value
1 齐粳2 0.32 0.11 0.81 0.96 0.56 0.55 0.45 0.41 0.20 0.00 0.32 0.89 0.45 16 0.45
2 齐粳10 0.42 0.10 0.37 0.27 0.18 0.17 0.69 0.39 0.08 0.12 1.00 0.23 0.29 3 0.29
3 齐粳31 0.74 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.19 0.00 0.67 0.01 0.40 0.31 0.78 0.19 1 0.19
4 龙稻18 0.65 0.58 0.42 0.36 0.17 0.16 0.05 0.40 0.21 0.28 0.61 0.17 0.34 5 0.34
5 龙庆稻3 0.65 0.14 0.18 0.26 0.14 0.14 0.32 0.39 0.48 0.85 0.88 0.08 0.40 11 0.40
6 龙庆稻21 0.38 0.55 0.09 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.61 0.42 0.48 1.00 0.19 0.19 0.38 10 0.38
7 松粳22 0.51 0.34 0.38 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.33 0.39 0.48 0.94 0.87 0.00 0.45 17 0.45
8 松粳28 0.42 1.00 0.97 1.00 0.08 0.07 0.21 0.39 0.48 0.86 0.66 1.00 0.69 20 0.69
9 绥粳18 0.58 0.88 0.21 0.34 0.56 0.52 1.00 0.36 0.00 0.53 0.84 0.15 0.43 14 0.43
10 绥粳28 0.45 0.00 0.13 0.17 0.30 0.29 0.32 0.40 0.25 0.42 0.81 0.45 0.31 4 0.31
11 绥粳302 0.60 0.20 0.44 0.44 0.39 0.22 0.40 0.00 0.59 0.08 0.29 0.36 0.36 6 0.36
12 龙粳21 0.44 0.91 0.44 0.35 0.07 0.07 0.05 0.41 0.16 0.54 0.50 0.33 0.38 9 0.38
13 龙粳31 1.00 0.20 0.09 0.40 1.00 1.00 0.25 0.46 0.08 0.60 0.81 0.05 0.42 12 0.42
14 龙粳39 0.48 0.25 0.84 0.64 0.09 0.09 0.18 0.43 0.27 0.36 0.23 0.42 0.38 8 0.38
15 龙粳43 0.00 0.37 0.51 0.23 0.20 0.25 0.85 0.55 0.00 0.22 0.13 0.39 0.26 2 0.26
16 龙粳46 0.28 0.46 0.87 0.90 0.22 0.42 0.65 1.00 0.48 0.19 0.12 0.46 0.49 18 0.49
17 龙粳51 0.17 0.32 1.00 0.74 0.41 0.39 0.45 0.39 0.30 0.40 0.00 0.32 0.44 15 0.44
18 龙粳4131 0.23 0.83 0.00 0.10 0.55 0.53 0.78 0.39 0.48 0.50 0.65 0.23 0.43 13 0.43
19 三江6号 0.23 0.43 0.20 0.29 0.24 0.23 0.61 0.39 0.48 0.30 0.87 0.10 0.38 7 0.38
20 天稻261 0.23 0.49 0.56 0.56 0.81 0.78 0.64 0.41 1.00 0.10 0.25 0.31 0.54 19 0.54
权重Weight 0.02 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.06 0.06 0.03 0.02 0.17 0.13 0.10 0.07

Fig.2

Cluster analysis of relative photoperiod sensitivity of rice"

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