Crops ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 197-207.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.01.025

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Effects of Organic Fertilization Measures on Photosynthetic Characteristics, Nutrient Content and Yield of Potato

Zhang Le1,2(), Han Yunfei2,3,4, Du Erxiao2,3,4, Li Baocheng2, San Xintong2, Liu Xinyu1,2, Wang Yanli5, Zhao Peiyi2,3,4(), Ren Yongfeng2,3,4()   

  1. 1College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, Inner Mongolia, China
    2Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, Inner Mongolia, China
    3Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture, Hohhot 010031, Inner Mongolia, China
    4Inner Mongolia Cultivated Land Conservation Scientific Observation Experimental Station of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010031, Inner Mongolia, China
    5Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Xing?an League Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center, Ulanhot 137400, Inner Mongolia, China
  • Received:2024-07-29 Revised:2024-10-14 Online:2026-02-15 Published:2026-02-10

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Abstract:

Aiming at the issues of poor soil structure, insufficient nutrient supply, and low potato yield in the agro-pastoral ecotone in the Northern piedmont of Yinshan Mountain, Inner Mongolia, a two-year field randomized block experiment was conducted. Taking conventional fertilization as the control (CK), three treatments were set up, including chemical fertilizer reduction combined with sheep manure (NPK+SD), chemical fertilizer reduction combined with biochar (NPK+B), and chemical fertilizer reduction combined with microbial fertilizer (NPK+MF). The dynamic changes of leaf area index (LAI), SPAD value, photosynthetic performance, plant nutrient accumulation and dry matter accumulation of potato plants under different treatments were compared and analyzed. The results showed that during the tuber bulking, NPK+MF treatment significantly improved LAI and leaf photosynthetic performance of potato, with leaf SPAD value significantly increased by 8.04% compared to CK, and no significant difference compared to NPK+SD and NPK+B treatments. The net photosynthetic rate of NPK+MF treatment was significantly increased by an average of 11.31%, 7.66%, and 4.92% compared to CK, NPK+SD, and NPK+B treatments, respectively. Under the NPK+MF treatment, with the growth process of potato, plant nutrients are transported from stems and leaves to tubers, and the accumulation of N, P, and K in potato leaves, stems, roots, and tubers were significantly increased. During the late stage of potato growth, the distribution ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the tubers increased by 90.58%, 178.78% and 226.06%, respectively. The yield of NPK+MF treatment was the best, with an average of 40 054 kg/ha, which was 25.58% higher than that of CK. This experiment identified that chemical fertilizer reduction combined with microbial fertilizer was an effective fertilization method for soil fertility improvement and efficient utilization of soil and fertilizer resources in the agro-pastoral ecotone of the northern piedmont of Yinshan Mountain.

Key words: Potato, Organic fertilization, Photosynthetic characteristics, Nutrient accumulation, Yield

Fig.1

Precipitation and temperature during the potato growing season in 2022-2023"

Fig.2

LAI of potato under different organic fertilization treatments in 2022-2023 Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) in different fertilization measures during the same growth period, the same below."

Fig.3

Change in SPAD values of potato under different fertilization treatments at various growth stages from 2022 to 2023"

Fig.4

The variation of Pn in potato growth period from 2022 to 2023"

Fig.5

Nitrogen uptake in different organs of potato"

Fig.6

Nitrogen distribution of potato"

Fig.7

Phosphorus uptake in different organs of potato"

Fig.8

Phosphorus distribution of potato"

Fig.9

Potassium uptake in different organs of potato"

Fig.10

Potassium distribution of potato"

Fig.11

Dry matter accumulation of potato"

Fig.12

Potato yield under different fertilization methods"

Table 1

The correlation between LAI, SPAD value, Pn rate and nutrient accumulation, dry matter accumulation of potato"

指标Index LAI SPAD Pn 干物质积累量Dry matter accumulation
LAI － 0.966* 0.977* 0.993**
SPAD 0.966* － 0.906 0.990*
Pn 0.977* 0.906 － 0.950*
N 0.997** 0.983* 0.960* 0.999**
P 0.995** 0.985* 0.965* 0.998**
K 0.989* 0.991** 0.955* 0.997**
干物质积累量Dry matter accumulation 0.993** 0.990* 0.950* －

Table 2

Correlation analysis of potato LAI, SPAD value, Pn, nutrient accumulation, dry matter accumulation, and yield based on partial least squares method"

指标
Index		 皮尔森相关系数
Pearson correlation coefficient		 变量投影重要性
Variable importance in projection		 变量投影重要性排序
Variable importance in projection order
N 0.975* 0.99106 4
P 0.982* 0.99478 3
K 0.975* 0.98984 5
LAI 0.986* 0.99821 2
SPAD 0.937 0.97137 7
Pn 0.996** 1.03314 1
干物质积累量Dry matter accumulation 0.969* 0.98770 6
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