Crops ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 200-204.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.03.028

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Improvement Effects of Soybean Meal and Its Biochar on Acid Paddy Soil and Yield of Rice

Wu Yan1(), Liu Kailou1(), Zhang Jingyun2, Song Huijie1, Hu Dandan1   

  1. 1Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil and Germplasm Resources/National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement, Nanchang 331717, Jiangxi, China
    2Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, Jiangxi, China
  • Received:2021-11-15 Revised:2022-01-31 Online:2023-06-15 Published:2023-06-16

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Abstract:

To explore the improvement effects of soybean meal and biochar from soybean meal on acid paddy soil and yield of rice, five treatments were studied on field test: soybean meal 2250kg/ha (A1), soybean meal 4500kg/ha (A2), biochar from soybean meal 2250kg/ha (B1), biochar from soybean meal 4500kg/ha (B2) and conventional fertilization (CK). The rice yield, soil pH, organic matter and available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium contents were analyzed. The result showed that compared with CK treatment, the grain yield of rice was increased significantly with the application of soybean meal and its biochar (P < 0.05). The rice yields of A1, A2, B1 and B2 treatments were higher by 11.1%, 13.3%, 8.3% and 9.8%. However, the grain yield of A1, A2 treatments were higher than those of B1 and B2 treatments. Compared with CK treatment, soil pH of A1, A2, B1 and B2 treatments was increased by 0.32, 0.33, 0.11 and 0.22, respectively; Soil organic matter were increased by 12.40%, 33.76%, 11.93% and 22.99%, respectively; Total nitrogen contents were increased by 2.34%, 5.33%, 9.78% and 7.95%, respectively; Available phosphorus contents were increased by 3.21%, 28.78%, 18.96% and 24.18%, respectively. The output of soybean meal and biochar from soybean meal increased, but the net income and the ratio decreased, it showed CK > A1 > B1 > A2 > B2. Therefore, compared with biochar from soybean meal, soybean meal was better soil conditioners for fertilizer improvement of acid paddy soil.

Key words: Soybean meal, Biochar from soybean meal, Acid paddy soil, Soil pH

Table 1

The amounts of soil conditioner and fertilizer in different treatments kg/hm2"

处理
Treatment		 豆粕
Soybean
meal		 豆粕炭
Biochar from
soybean meal		 肥料用量
Fertilizer dosage
N P2O5 K2O
CK 0 180 120 150
A1 2250 180 120 150
A2 4500 180 120 150
B1 2250 180 120 150
B2 4500 180 120 150

Fig.1

Changes of rice yield in different treatments Different letters indicate significant differences between treatments at the 5% level, the same below"

Fig.2

Changes of soil pH in different treatments"

Table 2

Changes of soil fertility in different treatments"

采集时间
Sampling time		 处理
Treatment		 有机质
Organic matter (g/kg)		 全氮
Total nitrogen (g/kg)		 有效磷
Available phosphorus (mg/kg)		 速效钾
Available potassium (mg/kg)
施肥后15d
15 days after fertilization		 CK 20.88±1.42d 1.07±0.01c 21.11±1.30c 210.80±10.75c
A1 23.47±1.46c 1.18±0.01a 24.71±1.52b 244.98±11.93b
A2 27.93±1.74a 1.20±0.02a 31.91±1.96a 277.57±13.51a
B1 23.37±1.45c 1.09±0.02b 26.61±1.63b 239.72±11.67b
B2 25.68±1.60b 1.12±0.01b 30.40±1.87a 267.06±13.00a
水稻收获后
After rice harvesting		 CK 22.98±1.43b 1.03±0.02c 20.87±1.12c 76.21±4.20b
A1 23.09±1.44b 1.16±0.02b 23.76±1.46b 97.78±4.76a
A2 25.20±1.57a 1.21±0.01a 25.54±1.26a 99.88±4.86a
B1 25.67±1.60a 1.15±0.01b 22.35±1.25b 97.78±4.76a
B2 25.85±1.61a 1.16±0.01b 22.92±1.28b 88.32±4.30a

Table 3

Economic benefit analysis of different treatments"

处理
Treatment		 投入（元/hm2）Input (yuan/hm2) 产值（元/hm2）
Output (yuan/hm2)		 纯收益（元/hm2）
Income (yuan/hm2)		 产投比
Production-investment ratio
人工Labor 物资Material 总投入Total input
CK 6000 4707 10 707 19 470 8763 1.82
A1 6000 12 582 18 582 21 636 3054 1.16
A2 6000 20 457 26 457 22 062 -4395 0.83
B1 6000 14 832 20 832 21 085 253 1.01
B2 6000 24 957 30 957 21 371 -9586 0.69
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