Crops ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 89-96.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.06.012

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Effects of Wheat Long-Term Straw Returning on Soil Phosphorus Content and Phosphorus Balance in Loamy Tidal Soil

Huang Shaohui1,2(), Yang Junfang1, Liu Xuetong3, Yang Yunma1, Xing Suli1, Han Baowen1, Liu Mengchao1, Jia Liangliang1(), He Ping2()   

  1. 1Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Fertilizer Technology Innovation Center, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China
    2Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
    3Institute of Dryland Farming, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui 053000, Hebei, China
  • Received:2020-02-17 Revised:2020-04-24 Online:2020-12-15 Published:2020-12-09
  • Contact: Jia Liangliang,He Ping E-mail:shaohui1988@sina.com;jiall@cau.edu.cn;heping02@caas.cn

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Abstract:

Clarifying the evolution characteristics of soil phosphorus in long-term wheat straw return of loamy tidal soil can provide theoretical basis for soil phosphorus management and efficient application of phosphate fertilizer. A long-term experiment in loamy tidal soil (1992-2015) was conducted to compare the changes of soil olsen phosphorus and total phosphorus content in the treatments of chemical fertilizers (NP, NPK) and wheat straw returned (NPS, NPKS) and quantified soil phosphorus balance and accumulated phosphorus balance, and to analyze the relationship between soil olsen phosphorus changes and accumulated phosphorus balance. The results showed that long-term application of phosphorus fertilizer and wheat straw to the field significantly increased soil olsen phosphorus and total phosphorus content, and increased the phosphorus activation coefficient (PAC), with annual increments of 0.68-0.78mg/kg, 0.0031-0.0047g/kg, and 0.07%-0.09%, respectively. Therefore, wheat straw return could inhibit the increase rate of soil olsen phosphorus content and promote the increase of total phosphorus content. But the effect was not significant. Moreover, wheat straw return increased soil phosphorus surplus. When the accumulated phosphorus balance was surplus, the olsen phosphorus content would increase by 9.7-10.0mg/kg with every 100kg/ha of accumulated phosphorus surplus in the soil, and the wheat straw return had few effects on it. When the accumulated phosphorus balance was deficit, the olsen phosphorus content would decrease by 12.6mg/kg under no straw return condition and decrease by 1.95mg/kg under straw return condition with every 100kg/ha of accumulated phosphorus deficit. Therefore, the wheat straw return showed a buffer effect on the effective phosphorus content maintaining. Wheat straw combined with phosphate fertilizer is an important measure to increase and maintain soil phosphorus levels in the loamy tidal soil, and to increase soil phosphorus supply potential.

Key words: Wheat straw returning, Loamy tidal soil, Phosphorus evolution, Phosphorus balance

Table 1

Experiment treatments and fertilizer rates kg/hm2"

处理
Treatment		 玉米季Maize season 小麦季Wheat season
N P2O5 K2O 小麦秸秆
Wheat straw		 N P2O5 K2O
NP 225 90 0 不还田 225 90 0
NPS 225 90 0 还田 225 90 0
NPK 225 90 150 不还田 225 90 150
NPKS 225 90 150 还田 225 90 150

Fig.1

Change of soil olsen P content"

Table 2

Variance analysis of wheat straw effect"

项目
Item		 NP对比NPS NP versus NPS NPK对比NPKS NPK versus NPKS
均方Mean square F值F-value P值P-value 均方Mean square F值F-value P值P-value
有效磷Olsen P 4.860 0.13 0.72 0.560 0.02 0.89
全磷Total P 0.002 3.29 0.08 0.001 1.69 0.21
活化系数PAC 0.170 0.34 0.56 0.030 0.09 0.77

Fig.2

Change of soil total P content"

Fig.3

Change of soil PAC value"

Fig.4

Changes of soil P balance (a) and soil accumulated P balance (b)"

Fig.5

Response of olsen P to accumulated P balance"

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