Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 204-208.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.05.027

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Mechanical Topping Time on Agronomic Characteristics and Yield of Cotton in Southern Hebei Cotton Region

Wang Yan(), Zhang Qian, Dong Ming, Wang Shulin, Feng Guoyi, Liang Qinglong, Qi Hong()   

  1. Cotton Research Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences / Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology and Genetic Breeding in Huang-Huai-Hai Semi-Arid Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Hebei Branch of National Cotton Improvement Center, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, China
  • Received:2024-05-13 Revised:2024-08-07 Online:2025-10-15 Published:2025-10-21

RichHTML

1

PDF (PC)

318

Abstract:

The effects of mechanical topping time on cotton agronomic characteristics and yield were studied to clarify the feasibility and time of mechanical topping in southern Hebei cotton region. In 2022-2023, the cotton variety ?Ji 863? was used as the experimental material. Manual topping (CK: July 15), mechanical topping (MT-7: July 8, MT+0: July 15, MT+7: July 22 and MT+14: July 29) were set to investigate their effects on plant height, leaf area, fruit branch length, boll distribution, flocculation rate and yield. The results showed that plant height and leaf area of cotton could be controlled by mechanical topping treatment as well as CK, and the plant height of cotton increased with the delay of topping time. The number of fruit branches of cotton increased with the delay of mechanical topping time, and the number of fruit branches of MT-7 treatment significantly decreased by 24.24% compared with CK. Compared with CK, the mechanical topping treatments had no significant effect on the average length of the top fruit branches in cotton. The length of upper fruit branches decreased with the delay of mechanical topping time, and the length of upper fruit branches of MT-7 treatment was significantly increased by 30.17% and 32.01% compared with MT+7 and MT+14 treatments, respectively. Mechanical topping affected the boll distribution of cotton. Compared with CK, the total number and percentage of bolls in leaf branches and lower fruit branches were increased under MT-7, MT+0 and MT+7 treatments, while the number and percentage of bolls in the top branches were decreased. The number of summer boll in MT+7 and MT+14 treatments decreased significantly by 5.71% and 5.18% compared with MT+0 treatments, respectively. Mechanical topping increased the flocculation rate of cotton. Compared with CK, boll number per plant and seed cotton yield decreased significantly under MT-7 treatment in 2022, and significantly decreased under MT+14 treatment in 2023. In summary, mechanical topping is feasible in southern Hebei cotton region, and the topping time is from the same period of local manual topping up to seven days later, approximately from July 15 to July 22.

Key words: Cotton, Mechanical topping, Topping time, Agronomic characteristics, Yield

Fig.1

Dynamic changes of plant height in cotton under different treatments"

Fig.2

Dynamic changes of leaf area per plant in cotton under different treatments"

Fig.3

Effects of different treatments on the length of upper fruit branches in cotton Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at the P < 0.05 level. The same below."

Fig.4

Effects of different treatments on fruit branches in cotton"

Fig.5

Effects of different treatments on spatial-temporal distribution of cotton bolls and summer boll numbers"

Fig.6

Effects of different treatments on flocculation rate in cotton"

Table 1

Effects of different treatments on yield and its components in cotton"

处理
Treatment		 2022 2023
单株铃数
Boll number
per plant		 单铃重
Boll weight
(g)		 籽棉产量
Seed cotton
yield (kg/hm2)		 单株铃数
Boll number
per plant		 单铃重
Boll weight
(g)		 籽棉产量
Seed cotton
yield (kg/hm2)
CK 9.75a 5.21a 3806.70a 10.56a 5.36a 4905.30a
MT-7 9.10b 5.31a 3521.55b 10.38a 5.36a 4863.60a
MT+0 9.52a 5.19a 3850.65a 10.45a 5.55a 4858.35a
MT+7 9.74a 5.08a 3817.80a 10.30a 5.17a 4879.20a
MT+14 － － － 9.62b 5.64a 4581.45b
[1] 李莉, 黄子蔚, 陈冠文, 等. 棉花打顶对激素的影响与养分吸收变化. 干旱区研究, 2006, 23(4):604-608.
[2] Renou A, Idrissa Téréta, Togola M. Manual topping decreases bollworm infestations in cotton cultivation in Mali. Crop Protection, 2011, 30:1370-1375.
[3] Dai J L, Dong H Z. Intensive cotton farming technologies in China: Achievements, challenges and countermeasures. Field Crops Research, 2014, 155:99-110.
[4] 钟晓丽. 基于SWOT分析的河北省棉花产业发展现状及对策. 棉花科学, 2021, 43(4):12-19.
[5] 邹茜. 棉花打顶技术的研究现状与展望. 作物研究, 2014, 28 (5):570-574.
[6] 谢庆, 孔凡婷, 石磊, 等. 棉花机械打顶关键技术研究进展. 中国农机化学报, 2023, 44(3):28-34.
[7] 瞿端阳, 王维新. 新疆棉花机械打顶现状及发展趋势分析. 新疆农机化, 2012(1):36-38.
[8] 董春玲, 罗宏海, 张亚黎, 等. 喷施氟节胺对棉花农艺性状的影响及化学打顶效应研究. 新疆农业科学, 2013, 50(11):1985-1990.
[9] 王延琴, 潘仕梅. 不同打顶时间对棉花生育及产量的影响. 陕西农业科学, 1999(2):6-8.
[10] 熊路, 李雄峰, 雷志祥, 等. 打顶时间对江汉平原油后直播棉成铃分布及产量和品质的影响. 棉花科学, 2022, 44(3):16-30.
[11] 彭强吉, 胡斌, 罗昕, 等. 不同打顶时间和高度对北疆高产棉花产量的影响. 中国棉花, 2012, 39(5):23-25.
doi: 10.11963/issn.1000-632X.20120507
[12] 陈长林, 谢庆, 张爱民, 等. 我国黄河流域棉区棉花机械化打顶的生产技术路线探析. 中国农机化学报, 2020, 41(12):12-14,167.
doi: 10.13733/j.jcam.issn.2095-5553.2020.12.003
[13] 赵玲. 棉花机械打顶和人工打顶对比试验. 农村科技, 2007 (7):10.
[14] 林涛, 张德忠, 张巨松, 等. 打顶对海岛棉产量和品质性状空间分布的影响. 新疆农业科学, 2007, 44(4):385-389.
[1] Zhou Tingfang, Li Ran, Liu Qianqian, Zhang Ze, Wang Zhenhua, Ma Baoxin, Lu Ming, Zhang Lin, Han Yehui, Yang Bo, Li Mingshun, Zhang Degui, Weng Jianfeng, Yong Hongjun, Xu Jingyu, Han Jienan, Li Xinhai. Analysis of Salt Tolerance at Germination Stage of 118 Maize Hybrids in Northeast China [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(5): 1-10.
[2] Teng Wen, Ye Fan, Zhou Zhou, Wang Yule, Liu Lijun. Effects of Wheat and Rapeseed Straw Returning on Yield and Quality of Rice under Salt Stress [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(5): 11-18.
[3] Ma Qiang, Li Yankun, Wang Gui’e, Wen Tingting, Zhang Tianyu, Tian Jichun, Wang Yanxun. Analysis of Agronomic Traits and Quality Characteristics of Colored Wheat Varieties Approved in Shandong Province and Research on Improvement Direction [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(5): 113-119.
[4] Li Xiaomin, Gong Hongyu, Tian Bingxin, Liu Donghua, Li Chunxi, Jiang Lina, Ma Jianhui. Effects of Different Row Spacing Arrangements and Planting Density Combinations on Canopy Structure and Nitrogen Utilization in Wheat on the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(5): 171-176.
[5] Jin Lulu, Xu Min, Wang Zisheng, Wu Xiaodong. Comparative Study on Canopy Temperature, Light and Water Characteristics and Dry Matter Production Characteristics of Organs under Cotton/Peanut Intercropping [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(5): 177-183.
[6] Li Jiahui, Chen Ruxue, Bai Hongbo, Wang Yonghua. Photosynthesis-Grain Filling Coordination Characteristics of Winter Wheat with Different Plant Types and Their Impact on Yield Components [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(5): 195-203.
[7] Wu Huijuan, Geng Xiaoli, Li Deming, Zhou Dongchang, Fu Ping, Liu Qian, Du Xiaocun. Effects of Foliar Spraying with Different Iron Fertilizers on Seed Yield and Its Components in Oat [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(5): 233-238.
[8] Li Xiang, Li Yijie, Wu Xiaojian, Long Shengfeng, Huang Dongmei, Gao Yijing, Wang Zeping. Application Effect of Sugarcane Waste in Cultivation of Dictyophora indusiata [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(5): 260-265.
[9] Li Jie, Zhang Yongqiang, Lei Junjie, Lü Xiaoqing, Chen Chuanxin, Xu Qijiang, Nie Shihui, Xu Wenxiu, Chang Xuhong. Effects of Different Urea Types and Application Methods on Plant Characteristics and Yield Composition of Winter Wheat under Drip Irrigation [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(5): 266-271.
[10] Du Hanmeng, Chen Yuqiong, Liu Ruotong, Chen Yinglong, Dai Qigen, Zhang Hongcheng, Liao Ping. Effects of Chlormequat Chloride and Gypsum Application on Rice Yield and Lodging Risk under Salt Stress [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(5): 29-34.
[11] Yan Jingrong, Pang Chunhua, Zhang Yongqing, Wu Yueyue, Hou Yuchen, Wang Jiaqi, Qiao Man. Effects of Desulfurized Gypsum and Humic Acid Interaction on Soil and Quinoa Growth in Saline-Alkali Land [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(5): 47-53.
[12] Jia Yanli, Zhang Hongfa, Liu Guixia, Huang Sufang, Qu Xinyue, Yue Mingqiang, Han Jiating, Xu Yupeng, Liu Qingsong. Effects of Biological Sulfur Regulator on the Yield, Quality of Alfalfa and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Saline-Alkali Land [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(5): 86-92.
[13] Sun Xianyin, Zhang Jibo, Lü Guangde, Qi Xiaolei, Sun Yingying, Mi Yong, Mu Qiuhuan, Yin Xundong, Wang Ruixia, Qian Zhaoguo, Gao Minggang. Comparison of High and Stable Yield Characteristics of Different Genotypes of Wheat under Dryland and Supplemental Irrigation Conditions [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(4): 104-110.
[14] Wang Shengtai, Zhao Baoxie, Du Shikun, Li Yuyang, Yu Hualin, Li Rongxin. Identification of Salt Tolerance and Variety Screening of Flax in Moderately Saline-Alkali Soil [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(4): 111-117.
[15] Liu Xuanxuan, Guo Ruishi, Dong Mengmeng, Zhu Keying, Zhu Xiaopin, Wang Li, Wang Ning. Preliminary Study on the Waterlogging Tolerance Mechanisms in Two Cotton Varieties at Seedling Stage during Waterlogging Stress and Recovery Period [J]. Crops, 2025, 41(4): 126-134.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!