Crops ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 9-14.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.01.002

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Development and Characterization of Photo-Thermo-Sensitive Genic Male Sterile Rice Line 19XS

Zha Wenjun1(), Li Xingrun2, Zhou Fasong2, Feng Fang2, Wu Bian1, Chen Junxiao1, Shi Shaojie1, Zhou Lei1, Wang Jing1, You Aiqing1,3()   

  1. 1Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Wuhan 430064, Hubei, China
    2Wuhan Shuanglüyuan Chuangxin Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430050, Hubei, China
    3Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
  • Received:2024-09-03 Revised:2024-10-12 Online:2026-02-15 Published:2026-02-10

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Abstract:

Photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (P/TGMS) lines are precious resources for hybrid rice breeding. Using the newly discovered rice P/TGMS line 19XS as material, its breeding process, agronomic traits, fertility conversion characteristics, hybrid progeny fertility, and genotype were analyzed. The results showed that in Wuhan area (sown in early May), 19XS maintained a stable sterile state for more than 45 days from heading in early August to late September; a small amount of fertility conversion began to occur after October 3. In Hainan area (sown in late November, heading in early March), 19XS generally appeared fertile, exhibiting photo- thermo-sensitive fertility conversion characteristics. Genetic analysis indicated that 19XS is a new recessive genic male sterile line, and its sterility is not interfered with by the genetic background. The hybrid progeny of 19XS and Xiang 78S (19XS/Xiang 78S) exhibited excellent agronomic traits, including compact plant type, large panicles with numerous grains, and high seed setting rate. Gene chip detection results showed that both 19XS and 19XS/Xiang 78S contain the thermo-sensitive male sterile gene TMS5. These findings provide a new material basis for hybrid rice breeding.

Key words: Rice, Photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line, 19XS, Fertility conversion, Genotype analysis

Fig.1

Plant phenotypes of 1240 and 19XS"

Table 1

Breeding procedure of photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile rice line 19XS"

世代
Generation		 选育操作
Breeding operation
F1
 于2016年9月，选取甬优6078系列F1种子，在海南省种植
F2
 于2016年冬季至2017年春季，获得6个F2群体，每群体500株
F3
 于2017年4月，选择60个F2优良单株，种植形成F3株系
F4
 于2017年9月，从F3株系中选择120个优良单株形成F4
F5 于2017年冬季，将F4种植于海南省，并收获F5种子
F6
 于2018年春季，种植F5并用于测交，形成120个F6株系；于同年夏季，将F6株系种植于湖北省
F7
 于2019年3月，发现优良株系1240；同年种植1240株系F7代，发现并命名雄性不育株19XS

Table 2

Identification of artificial photo-thermo-sensitive male sterility in photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile rice in 2022"

材料
Material		 鉴定条件（光长－温度）
Identification condition (Photoperiod-temperature)		 花粉观察日期
Pollen observation date		 花粉败育度
Pollen sterility (%)		 自交结实率
Self-pollination seed set rate (%)
19XS 14.5 h-23.0 °C 07/27-08/10 99.56 0.00
14.5 h-24.0 ℃ 07/25-08/10 99.62 0.00
12.5 h-24.0 ℃ 07/22-08/06 99.58 0.00
14.5 h-自然温度 07/25-08/15 100.00 0.00
CK 14.5 h-23.0 °C 08/12-08/20 99.39 0.57
14.5 h-24.0 ℃ 08/10-08/20 99.51 0.00
12.5 h-24.0 ℃ 08/09-08/18 97.25 1.08
14.5 h-自然温度 08/10-08/25 99.88 0.00

Table 3

Main agronomic traits of 19XS test cross F1 hybrids"

编号
Code		 组合
Combination		 全生育期
Total growth
(d)		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 穗长
Panicle
length (cm)		 总粒数
Total
grains		 实粒数
Filled
grains		 结实率
Seed setting
rate (%)		 千粒重
1000-grain
weight (g)		 单穗粒重
Grain weight
per panicle (g)
1 19XS/香98S 119 92~122 30.0 346 284 82.08 23.0 6.5
2 19XS/香86S 121 70~98 28.0 403 370 91.81 20.0 7.4
3 19XS/鄂丰丝苗 120 86~118 29.5 357 345 96.63 23.0 7.9
4 19XS/7041 122 102~145 35.0 695 611 87.91 25.0 15.2
5 19XS/1180 127 110~145 35.0 554 468 84.47 32.0 14.9
6 19XS/1050 123 82~120 30.0 442 397 89.81 24.0 9.5
7 19XS/1055 124 103~132 30.0 459 425 92.59 24.0 10.2
8 19XS/1061 124 89~120 32.0 558 478 85.66 22.0 10.5

Fig.2

Genomic composition analysis of 19XS and Xiang 78S"

Table 4

Comparison of main agronomic traits of 19XS/Xiang 78S from F1 to F6 generations"

世代
Generation		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 穗长
Panicle length (cm)		 结实率
Seed setting rate (%)		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 每穗总粒数
Grains per panicle
F1 110.3 30.0 82.08 23.0 346
F2 110.5 30.2 82.15 23.2 347
F3 110.3 29.8 82.10 22.9 345
F4 110.4 30.4 82.05 23.4 346
F5 110.4 30.5 82.19 23.1 348
F6 110.7 30.1 82.13 23.3 344

Table 5

Gene characteristics of 19XS and Xiang 78S and their hybrids"

基因
Gene		 表型
Phenotype		 材料
Material
TMS5 高温条件下雄性不育，低温条件下可育 19XS，香78S，F1
Rf2
 光敏育性恢复，长日照条件下恢复雄性育性 香78S
S5 籼粳亲和，影响籼粳杂交后代育性 19XS，香78S，F1
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