云南边境地区稻种资源的SSR标记遗传多样性及其主要农艺性状关联性分析

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.01.006

Abstract

Abstract:

To analyze the genetic diversity of rice germplasm resources in the border areas of Yunnan Province and identify SSR markers closely related to major agronomic traits, a total of 376 newly collected rice germplasm resources from Yunnan (China), and its adjacent Myanmar and Laos were used as experimental materials. These resources were divided into three analysis units, and 11 phenotypic traits were investigated. Genetic diversity and association with phenotypic traits were analyzed using 27 pairs of SSR markers. Results showed that a total of 142 allelic variation loci were detected, including 100 rare allelic variation loci and nine peculiar allelic variation loci. Based on the comprehensive evaluation of six genetic diversity parameters, the scoring order of rice germplasm resources from the three analysis units was: Yunnan, China analysis unit > Myanmar analysis unit > Laos analysis unit. Among the 27 pairs of SSR markers, RM214, RM1086, RM5481, RM6089, RM1509, and RM7479 were closely associated with phenotypic traits, could explain more than 10.0% of the variation in panicle length, panicle exsertion, filled grains per panicle, unfilled grains per panicle, grains per panicle, and 1000-grain weight. Principal component analysis of phenotypic traits extracted four principal components with a cumulative contribution rate of 77.218%. A total of 36 excellent germplasm resources (comprehensive score ≥1.000) were selected. Among these, Huake, Nalei 5, and Haonuolang had a score greater than 2.000. They demonstrated potential as parents for multiple-tillering and large-panicle type, large-panicle type, and glutinous type, respectively.

Key words: Yunnan border areas, Rice germplasm resources, Genetic diversity, SSR marker, Correlation analysis

Tang Cuifeng, A Xinxiang, Dong Chao, Zhang Feifei, Yang Yayun, Yang Hongmei, Dai Luyuan, Su Zhenxi. Analysis of Genetic Diversity by SSR Markers and Correlation of Main Agronomic Traits of Rice Germplasm Resources in Border Areas of Yunnan[J].Crops, 2026, 42(1): 33-46.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1

Table 2

Fig.1

Table 3

Correlation coefficient between allelic variation of SSR markers and phenotypic traits in rice"

标记 Marker	等位变异 Allelic variation	有效穗数 Effective panicle number per plant	株高 Plant height (cm)	穗长 Panicle length (cm)	穗抽出度 Panicle exsertion (cm)	剑叶长 Flag leaf length (cm)	剑叶宽 Flag leaf width (cm)	穗实粒数 Filled grain number per panicle	穗秕粒数 Unfilled grain number per panicle	穗粒数 Grains per panicle	结实率 Seed setting rate (%)	千粒重 1000-grain weight (g)
RM574	A	-0.092	0.098	-0.064	0.161^**	-0.025	-0.015	-0.191^**	-0.003	-0.145^**	-0.124^*	0.041
	B	-0.002	-0.100	0.078	-0.122^*	0.121^*	0.115^*	0.210^**	-0.053	0.129^*	0.166^**	-0.025
	C	0.093	0.015	-0.045	-0.014	-0.123^*	-0.118^*	-0.090	0.073	-0.027	-0.096	0.005
RM434	A	0.093	-0.115^*	-0.060	-0.070	-0.080	-0.090	-0.020	-0.010	-0.030	-0.000	-0.060
	B	-0.076	0.086	0.077	0.019	0.137^*	-0.002	0.040	-0.035	0.011	0.045	0.042
	C	-0.176^**	-0.024	-0.179^**	0.178^**	-0.153^**	0.026	-0.291^**	-0.159^**	-0.313^**	-0.010	0.225^**
	D	0.190^**	0.022	0.164^**	-0.163^**	0.111^*	-0.007	0.268^**	0.173^**	0.303^**	-0.012	-0.225^**
RM551	A	0.101	0.019	-0.012	-0.032	-0.078	-0.002	-0.058	-0.011	-0.051	-0.037	-0.048
	B	-0.095	-0.079	-0.357^**	0.329^**	-0.272^**	-0.251^**	-0.362^**	-0.226^**	-0.405^**	-0.029	0.118^*
	C	-0.093	0.008	0.045	0.079	0.081	-0.043	0.007	-0.049	-0.021	0.057	0.015
	D	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
	E	0.029	0.080	0.066	-0.064	0.062	-0.029	0.005	-0.041	-0.020	0.040	0.022
RM214	A	-0.063	-0.038	-0.070	0.165^**	0.000	0.010	-0.044	-0.099	-0.090	0.059	0.093
	B	-0.128^*	-0.117^*	-0.279^**	0.163^**	-0.240^**	-0.178^**	-0.246^**	-0.190^**	-0.293^**	0.061	0.061
	C	-0.183^**	-0.078	-0.148^**	0.126^*	-0.040	-0.005	-0.264^**	-0.144^**	-0.284^**	0.000	0.272^**
	D	-0.045	0.004	-0.171^**	0.158^**	-0.217^**	-0.110^*	-0.254^**	-0.144^**	-0.275^**	-0.019	0.073
	E	0.031	0.045	-0.021	0.162^**	-0.096	-0.054	-0.079	-0.048	-0.088	-0.048	-0.031
	F	0.031	0.011	0.015	0.081	0.076	-0.020	0.043	-0.054	0.001	0.080	0.061
	G	0.185^**	0.058	0.328^**	-0.415^**	0.219^**	0.186^**	0.476^**	0.340^**	0.555^**	-0.032	-0.273^**
	H	-0.010	0.148^**	0.126^*	0.057	0.148^**	0.041	-0.096	0.000	-0.074	-0.076	0.020
RM7097	A	-0.198^**	-0.145^**	-0.121^*	-0.355^**	0.052	0.095	-0.236^**	-0.128^*	-0.251^**	0.047	-0.098
	B	-0.211^**	0.138^*	-0.069	0.188^**	0.018	0.009	-0.188^**	-0.138^*	-0.221^**	0.011	0.182^**
	C	0.090	0.010	-0.119^*	-0.181^**	-0.110^*	-0.155^**	-0.134^*	0.060	-0.068	-0.146^**	-0.159^**
	D	-0.093	0.014	0.009	0.222^**	-0.044	-0.078	0.033	-0.059	-0.009	0.036	-0.008
RM202	A	-0.189^**	-0.037	-0.114^*	0.126^*	-0.038	-0.060	-0.117^*	-0.161^**	-0.181^**	0.120^*	0.252^**
	B	-0.129^*	-0.016	-0.064	0.167^**	0.013	-0.016	-0.101	-0.147^**	-0.161^**	0.083	0.218^**
	C	-0.020	-0.023	-0.261^**	0.153^**	-0.275^**	-0.185^**	-0.266^**	-0.113^*	-0.267^**	-0.093	-0.064
	D	-0.084	0.008	0.049	-0.086	-0.041	0.084	0.025	0.135^*	0.098	-0.097	0.047
	E	0.078	-0.201^**	0.146^**	-0.179^**	0.099	-0.021	0.095	0.039	0.094	0.004	0.054
	F	0.064	-0.004	-0.059	0.105	-0.044	0.011	-0.087	-0.105	-0.126^*	0.061	-0.017
RM1812	A	0.059	0.067	0.086	-0.133^*	0.080	0.060	0.081	0.129^*	0.135^*	-0.078	-0.158^**
	B	0.068	-0.032	0.093	-0.053	0.081	0.066	0.096	0.053	0.104	0.005	0.038
	C	-0.134^*	-0.002	-0.024	-0.002	0.051	-0.033	-0.077	0.031	-0.041	-0.055	-0.032
	D	-0.026	-0.051	-0.321^**	0.191^**	-0.262^**	-0.187^**	-0.285^**	-0.154^**	-0.306^**	-0.040	0.008
	E	-0.126^*	-0.037	-0.132^*	0.190^**	-0.119^*	-0.102	-0.216^**	-0.156^**	-0.253^**	0.028	0.162^**
	F	0.151^**	-0.063	0.121^*	-0.073	0.078	-0.010	0.120^*	0.057	0.125^*	0.027	-0.076
RM3395	A	0.064	0.056	-0.038	-0.012	0.021	-0.026	0.005	0.145^**	0.086	-0.098	-0.047
	B	0.106	-0.140^*	-0.057	-0.043	0.024	-0.052	-0.106	0.061	-0.047	-0.142^*	0.017
	C	0.019	0.118^*	0.027	0.088	-0.093	-0.093	0.074	-0.069	0.019	0.077	-0.200^**
	D	-0.246^**	0.005	-0.002	0.019	0.015	0.039	-0.090	-0.101	-0.126^*	0.059	0.211^**
	E	0.062	-0.006	-0.090	0.076	-0.039	-0.002	-0.066	0.068	-0.011	-0.039	-0.018
	F	0.015	0.087	0.183^**	-0.116^*	0.056	0.132^*	0.106	0.003	0.082	0.049	0.044
	G	-0.073	-0.128^*	-0.170^**	0.067	0.015	0.022	0.071	-0.092	0.002	0.134^*	0.053
RM241	A	0.016	0.093	0.078	0.089	0.057	0.041	-0.075	0.064	-0.021	-0.013	-0.079
	B	0.073	-0.286^**	-0.142^*	-0.026	-0.268^**	-0.131^*	-0.228^**	-0.041	-0.198^**	-0.092	-0.087
	C	-0.028	0.116^*	0.055	-0.076	0.154^**	0.098	0.217^**	0.027	0.180^**	0.063	0.038
	D	-0.094	0.185^**	0.060	0.076	0.124^*	0.034	0.085	-0.042	0.043	0.056	0.175^**
RM1086	A	-0.255^**	-0.060	-0.198^**	0.260^**	-0.147^**	-0.010	-0.416^**	-0.233^**	-0.447^**	-0.022	0.377^**
	B	-0.020	-0.127^*	-0.348^**	0.256^**	-0.275^**	-0.280^**	-0.297^**	-0.020	-0.237^**	-0.168^**	-0.090
RM8004	A	-0.255^**	-0.058	-0.198^**	0.260^**	-0.147^**	-0.013	-0.416^**	-0.233^**	-0.447^**	-0.002	0.377^**
	B	-0.021	-0.127^*	-0.348^**	0.256^**	-0.275^**	-0.280^**	-0.297^**	-0.019	-0.237^**	-0.168^**	-0.086
	C	0.037	-0.018	-0.159^**	0.164^**	-0.096	-0.064	-0.084	-0.060	-0.099	0.030	0.037
	D	-0.176^**	-0.036	-0.246^**	0.244^**	-0.176^**	-0.133^*	-0.285^**	-0.162^**	-0.310^**	-0.011	0.224^**
	E	0.186^**	0.058	0.214^**	-0.180^**	0.167^**	0.093	0.297^**	0.152^**	0.313^**	0.025	-0.178^**
	F	-0.076	-0.038	0.102	-0.101	0.031	0.094	-0.025	-0.015	-0.028	0.011	-0.008
RM471	A	0.078	0.048	0.107	-0.004	0.022	-0.013	0.056	0.064	0.080	-0.002	-0.018
	B	-0.069	0.175^**	-0.165^**	0.130^*	-0.113	-0.005	-0.060	-0.080	-0.092	0.029	0.004
	C	0.022	-0.003	0.011	0.066	0.109	-0.076	-0.049	-0.151^*	-0.125^*	0.063	0.160^**
	D	0.064	0.063	-0.043	-0.071	0.023	0.080	-0.005	0.228^**	0.127^*	-0.164^**	-0.171^**
	E	-0.051	-0.227^**	0.096	-0.156^**	-0.054	0.057	0.081	0.080	0.110	-0.004	-0.085
RM1986	A	-0.037	0.042	-0.112	0.159^**	-0.145^*	-0.027	-0.122^*	0.073	-0.052	-0.107	-0.056
	B	-0.111	0.061	-0.062	0.012	0.008	0.238^**	0.117^*	-0.017	0.080	0.053	0.139^*
	C	-0.111	0.061	-0.062	0.012	0.008	0.238^**	0.117^*	-0.017	0.080	0.053	0.139^*
	D	-0.034	-0.174^**	-0.003	-0.126^*	-0.072	0.059	0.042	-0.066	-0.006	0.105	0.083
	E	0.009	0.084	0.059	0.099	0.101	0.003	0.066	-0.071	0.009	0.105	0.136^*
	F	0.046	-0.101	0.062	0.074	-0.060	-0.189^**	-0.075	-0.094	-0.113	0.026	-0.123^*
RM3466	A	-0.020	-0.208^**	-0.346^**	0.104	-0.117^*	-0.110	-0.040	-0.146^*	-0.110	0.168^**	0.049
	B	-0.226^**	-0.040	-0.155^**	0.268^**	-0.144^*	-0.040	-0.380^**	-0.195^**	-0.404^**	-0.030	0.276^**
	C	0.181^**	0.039	0.241^**	0.289^**	0.113	0.034	0.346^**	0.236^**	0.402^**	-0.060	-0.272^**
	D	0.048	0.200^**	0.138^*	0.031	0.132^*	0.112	-0.020	-0.060	-0.050	0.020	0.067
RM3525	A	0.079	0.151^*	0.130^*	-0.040	0.236^**	0.089	0.124^*	0.115	0.161^**	-0.060	-0.143^*
	B	-0.060	0.022	-0.142^*	-0.030	-0.100	-0.070	-0.050	-0.110	-0.110	0.065	0.071
	C	-0.121^*	-0.080	0.004	-0.002	-0.030	-0.010	-0.060	-0.060	-0.080	-0.010	0.073
	D	-0.080	0.157^**	-0.040	0.140^*	-0.126^*	0.029	-0.020	0.048	0.015	-0.100	-0.003
	E	-0.040	0.127^*	-0.050	0.075	-0.030	0.042	-0.050	0.133^*	0.040	-0.050	0.090
RM3643	A	0.180^**	-0.196^**	0.171^**	-0.208^**	0.103	0.092	0.248^**	0.090	0.243^**	0.043	-0.090
	B	-0.090	0.202^**	0.136^*	-0.159^**	0.073	0.144^*	0.211^**	0.052	0.192^**	0.076	0.017
	C	-0.040	0.241^**	0.135^*	-0.030	0.237^**	-0.003	0.159^**	0.214^**	0.245^**	-0.080	-0.206^**
	D	-0.100	-0.020	0.058	-0.010	0.031	0.005	-0.070	0.006	-0.050	-0.020	0.075
	E	0.228^**	-0.386^**	-0.060	-0.178^**	-0.127^*	-0.050	0.115	0.036	0.110	0.009	-0.155^**
	F	-0.050	0.244^**	0.077	0.016	0.057	0.081	0.073	0.033	0.074	0.038	0.042
	G	0.013	0.241^**	0.056	0.087	0.136^*	-0.060	0.038	0.095	0.084	-0.060	-0.177^**
	H	-0.020	-0.010	-0.080	0.095	-0.110	-0.050	-0.268^**	-0.090	-0.258^**	-0.110	0.114
	I	-0.309^**	0.052	-0.010	0.126^*	0.042	0.103	-0.135^*	-0.166^**	-0.199^**	0.101	0.331^**
RM3855	A	-0.273^**	0.205^**	0.067	0.204^**	0.096	0.060	0.036	-0.070	-0.020	0.098	0.092
	B	-0.030	0.004	-0.030	-0.020	-0.040	0.004	0.030	-0.080	-0.020	0.013	0.109
	C	0.031	-0.100	-0.163^**	0.067	-0.151^*	-0.204^**	-0.228^**	-0.169^**	-0.273^**	0.016	-0.030
	D	-0.040	-0.030	-0.002	0.075	-0.030	-0.050	-0.020	-0.127^*	-0.090	0.118^*	0.129^*
	E	0.041	-0.040	-0.170^**	0.171^**	-0.144^*	-0.040	-0.260^**	-0.128^*	-0.273^**	-0.010	0.068
	F	0.176^**	-0.050	0.202^**	-0.321^**	0.154^**	0.114	0.237^**	0.319^**	0.364^**	-0.146^*	-0.185^**
	G	0.107	-0.117^*	-0.149^*	0.034	-0.100	-0.129^*	-0.050	-0.070	-0.080	0.087	-0.110
RM5481	A	-0.259^**	-0.002	-0.123^*	0.149^*	-0.090	0.010	-0.267^**	-0.175^**	-0.307^**	-0.030	0.334^**
	B	-0.100	-0.136^*	-0.310^**	0.331^**	-0.245^**	-0.251^**	-0.347^**	-0.238^**	-0.401^**	-0.001	0.137^*
	C	0.044	-0.117^*	-0.362^**	0.166^**	-0.359^**	-0.313^**	-0.245^**	-0.118^*	-0.256^**	-0.026	-0.151^*
	D	0.050	0.230^**	0.112	-0.030	0.097	0.056	0.229^**	0.150^*	0.262^**	0.014	-0.187^**
	E	0.166^**	-0.040	0.315^**	-0.349^**	0.243^**	0.214^**	0.308^**	0.205^**	0.353^**	0.006	-0.125^*
RM5611	A	0.078	-0.070	-0.249^**	0.253^**	-0.276^**	-0.295^**	-0.305^**	-0.110	-0.296^**	-0.070	-0.060
	B	-0.030	-0.060	-0.010	0.011	0.067	-0.010	0.091	-0.010	0.066	0.057	-0.040
	C	-0.060	0.058	0.173^**	-0.266^**	0.108	0.193^**	0.074	0.146^*	0.142^*	-0.090	0.026
	D	0.051	0.009	-0.080	0.192^**	-0.030	-0.030	0.015	-0.154^**	-0.080	0.173^**	0.081
RM6089	A	-0.151^*	-0.138^*	-0.409^**	0.342^**	-0.281^**	-0.269^**	-0.407^**	-0.271^**	-0.469^**	0.015	0.140^*
	B	-0.134^*	-0.020	0.020	0.046	0.002	0.011	-0.010	-0.060	-0.040	0.048	0.154^**
	C	-0.030	-0.002	0.002	0.036	0.069	0.050	0.012	-0.010	0.005	0.021	0.018
	D	0.173^**	0.124^*	0.352^**	-0.329^**	0.205^**	0.204^**	0.349^**	0.252^**	0.414^**	-0.030	-0.163^**
RM3394	A	0.093	-0.070	-0.070	0.043	-0.090	-0.100	-0.060	0.022	-0.030	-0.050	-0.185^**
	B	0.116^*	-0.177^**	-0.040	-0.001	-0.030	-0.040	-0.010	-0.050	-0.040	0.042	0.021
	C	0.112	-0.403^**	-0.149^*	-0.050	-0.137^*	-0.232^**	-0.060	-0.206^**	-0.164^**	0.153^**	0.004
	D	-0.164^**	-0.010	-0.100	0.190^**	-0.145^*	0.002	-0.297^**	-0.120^*	-0.298^**	-0.080	0.158^**
	E	-0.060	-0.110	-0.222^**	0.098	-0.060	-0.030	-0.137^*	-0.070	-0.144^*	0.074	0.128^*
	F	-0.050	0.305^**	0.288^**	-0.131^*	0.233^**	0.149^*	0.185^**	0.219^**	0.269^**	-0.118^*	-0.020
	G	0.009	0.046	0.069	-0.010	0.089	0.035	-0.004	-0.030	-0.020	0.033	0.029
RM7396	A	0.058	-0.080	-0.110	0.020	-0.080	-0.080	-0.040	-0.050	-0.060	0.068	-0.070
	B	-0.123^*	0.067	0.045	-0.060	0.128^*	0.096	0.095	0.117^*	0.140^*	-0.050	-0.127^*
	C	0.036	-0.070	-0.010	-0.060	-0.080	0.022	-0.080	-0.050	-0.090	-0.060	0.180^**
	D	0.055	0.041	0.005	0.140^*	-0.010	-0.110	0.052	-0.050	0.012	0.127^*	-0.080
RM7390	A	-0.040	-0.060	-0.189^**	0.028	-0.213^**	-0.050	-0.200^**	-0.080	-0.198^**	-0.050	-0.050
	B	-0.148^*	0.037	0.043	0.086	0.090	-0.002	0.016	-0.090	-0.040	0.098	0.085
	C	-0.080	0.082	-0.030	0.132^*	-0.050	0.008	-0.144^*	-0.135^*	-0.189^**	0.041	0.204^**
	D	-0.040	-0.080	-0.237^**	0.253^**	-0.110	-0.133^*	-0.197^**	-0.070	-0.190^**	-0.010	0.131^*
	E	-0.158^**	-0.117^*	-0.256^**	0.080	-0.238^**	-0.143^*	-0.360^**	-0.040	-0.300^**	-0.167^**	0.096
	F	0.117^*	0.123^*	0.049	0.047	0.061	-0.030	0.002	0.017	0.011	-0.010	-0.119^*
RM8268	A	-0.020	0.110	0.117^*	-0.100	0.051	0.074	-0.010	0.045	0.015	-0.070	0.135^*
	B	-0.030	-0.030	-0.120	0.083	-0.040	-0.060	-0.157^**	-0.050	-0.151^*	-0.010	0.000
	C	-0.133^*	0.030	-0.119^*	0.127^*	-0.030	0.031	-0.195^**	-0.040	-0.169^**	-0.070	0.163^**
	D	0.004	0.222^**	0.197^**	-0.080	0.057	0.122^*	0.234^**	0.130^*	0.253^**	0.010	-0.110
	E	0.166^**	-0.340^**	-0.070	-0.050	0.001	-0.139^*	0.058	-0.110	-0.020	0.154^**	-0.070
RM1509	A	-0.333^**	-0.090	-0.225^**	0.222^**	-0.110	-0.110	-0.321^**	-0.227^**	-0.400^**	0.074	0.360^**
	B	0.353^**	-0.030	0.152^*	-0.262^**	0.045	0.038	0.232^**	0.081	0.231^**	-0.001	-0.230^**
	C	-0.110	0.234^**	0.111	0.127	0.122	0.134^*	0.127	0.266^**	0.279^**	-0.139^*	-0.205^**
RM3421	A	-0.090	-0.010	0.003	0.107	0.008	0.137^*	-0.197^**	-0.130	-0.207^**	-0.020	0.259^**
	B	-0.030	-0.010	-0.100	0.130	-0.168^*	0.025	-0.100	-0.100	-0.120	0.094	0.039
	C	0.158^*	-0.110	0.048	-0.207^**	0.135	-0.110	0.181^**	0.135	0.197^**	-0.060	-0.163^*
	D	-0.120	0.155^*	0.014	0.059	0.011	0.025	-0.030	-0.020	-0.030	-0.030	0.009
RM7479	A	-0.030	-0.156^*	-0.470^**	0.426^**	-0.384^**	-0.338^**	-0.363^**	-0.228^**	-0.418^**	0.023	-0.040
	B	-0.204^**	0.019	-0.243^**	0.139^*	-0.175^**	-0.070	-0.319^**	-0.181^**	-0.356^**	-0.050	0.311^**
	C	0.183^**	0.078	0.527^**	-0.421^**	0.403^**	0.299^**	0.532^**	0.305^**	0.596^**	0.039	-0.217^**

Table 3

Table 4

Percentage change of observed values of rice traits explained by molecular markers"

标记 Marker	指标 Index	有效穗数 Effective panicle number per plant	株高 Plant height	穗长 Panicle length	穗抽出度 Panicle exsertion	剑叶长 Flag leaf length	剑叶宽 Flag leaf width	穗实粒数 Filled grain number per panicle	穗秕粒数 Unfilled grain number per panicle	穗粒数 Grains per panicle	结实率 Seed- setting rate	千粒重 1000-grain weight
RM574	P (%)	1.4	0.3	0.0	1.2	0.4	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.5	0.0	0.1
	F	4.602^*	0.859	0.034	3.934^*	1.393	1.533	1.141	0.802	1.684	0.061	0.169
RM434	P (%)	2.2	0.0	1.6	1.5	0.6	0.0	4.8	2.3	6.5	0.0	3.2
	F	7.018^**	0.159	5.267^*	4.886^*	1.950	0.098	16.157^**	7.618^**	22.132^**	0.100	10.519^**
RM551	P (%)	0.0	0.5	2.4	2.0	1.9	0.4	2.4	0.6	2.5	0.2	0.1
	F	0.100	1.389	7.224^**	5.940^*	5.752^*	1.208	7.227^**	1.857	7.496^**	0.589	0.245
RM214	P (%)	5.3	2.3	16.5	13.1	8.6	3.4	19.3	11.1	27.4	0.6	7.2
	F	17.655^**	7.498^**	62.736^**	48.014^**	29.888^**	11.036^**	75.928^**	39.613^**	119.915^**	1.772	24.803^**
RM7097	P (%)	2.2	1.1	1.3	16.0	0.8	2.3	3.3	0.9	3.6	0.3	0.0
	F	7.199^**	3.606	4.131^*	61.081^**	2.690	7.422^**	10.845^**	2.850	12.109^**	1.126	0.030
RM202	P (%)	8.2	0.3	4.1	6.5	1.2	0.7	4.3	3.9	7.4	0.8	8.2
	F	18.939^**	0.720	8.923^**	14.640^**	2.511	1.518	9.435^**	8.492^**	16.801^**	1.647	18.829^**
RM1812	P (%)	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.0	0.6	0.4
	F	0.227	0.411	0.040	0.627	0.216	0.234	0.147	1.248	0.115	1.783	1.062
RM3395	P (%)	0.9	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.1	1.6	1.2	0.8	0.1	2.6	0.8
	F	2.962	0.198	0.546	0.043	0.304	5.248^*	3.941^*	2.495	0.413	8.522^**	2.676
RM241	P (%)	0.8	3.0	0.2	0.0	2.7	0.4	5.0	0.2	2.2	0.7	3.3
	F	2.717	9.882^**	0.774	0.148	8.870^**	1.370	16.722^**	0.485	7.280^**	2.340	10.809^**
RM1086	P (%)	3.0	4.0	7.0	2.3	5.0	10.1	0.9	2.8	0.1	3.5	17.4
	F	2.855	3.873	6.914^**	2.194	4.839^*	10.356^**	0.873	2.684	0.102	3.379	19.356^**
RM8004	P (%)	0.4	0.0	8.8	8.6	3.3	2.9	5.1	1.7	6.1	0.0	3.0
	F	1.391	0.065	30.779^**	30.042^**	10.879^**	9.507^**	17.004^**	5.511^*	20.581^**	0.002	9.794^**
RM471	P (%)	0.1	5.0	0.4	2.7	0.0	0.4	0.2	1.0	0.9	0.2	0.8
	F	0.359	15.082^**	1.139	7.830^**	0.011	1.164	0.704	2.863	2.709	0.580	2.195
RM1986	P (%)	1.7	1.1	2.6	0.0	0.4	8.8	0.3	2.2	1.3	0.7	1.2
	F	3.742	2.449	5.735^*	0.006	0.777	20.559^**	0.654	4.868^*	2.900	1.501	2.669
RM3466	P (%)	2.8	5.8	15.7	5.4	4.7	2.0	6.4	4.4	9.9	1.0	3.4
	F	8.187^**	17.371^**	52.774^**	16.042^**	13.904^**	5.729^*	19.361^**	13.041^**	31.221^**	2.863	9.829^*
RM3525	P (%)	1.1	0.1	0.7	1.7	3.5	0.0	1.0	0.3	0.2	0.3	1.6
	F	2.640	0.199	1.513	3.895^*	8.213^**	0.000	2.425	0.604	0.562	0.664	3.796
RM3643	P (%)	1.2	0.3	1.3	2.6	0.5	0.3	4.2	0.8	4.7	0.0	1.2
	F	5.961^*	1.667	6.535^*	13.156^**	2.244	1.271	21.812^**	4.119^*	24.060^**	0.181	5.955^*
RM3855	P (%)	7.1	2.1	0.3	6.2	0.1	0.1	0.7	5.2	3.8	1.5	3.4
	F	21.356^**	5.929^*	0.729	18.638^**	0.190	0.311	2.013	15.242^**	11.111^**	4.336^*	9.789^**
RM5481	P (%)	6.8	0.4	13.4	15.0	8.3	4.7	21.1	9.2	27.7	0.0	9.0
	F	20.714^**	1.179	43.844^**	49.916^**	25.590^**	13.936^**	75.681^**	28.778^**	108.266^**	0.127	29.119^**
RM5611	P (%)	0.0	0.7	2.2	1.0	2.2	4.2	3.1	0.0	2.0	1.0	1.0
	F	0.097	1.922	6.295^*	2.712	6.217^*	12.165^**	8.916^**	0.021	5.605^*	2.765	2.965
RM6089	P (%)	3.1	2.0	16.4	12.7	7.0	6.6	16.3	7.9	22.3	0.1	2.8
	F	9.133^**	5.681^*	55.593^**	41.220^**	21.420^**	19.910^**	55.326^**	24.219^**	81.372^**	0.200	8.145^**
RM3394	P (%)	2.2	21.5	6.5	0.5	6.2	5.7	2.6	4.6	6.5	1.0	0.3
	F	5.851^*	69.705^**	17.672^**	1.344	16.917^**	15.346^**	6.927^**	12.299^**	17.670^**	2.612	0.882
RM7396	P (%)	0.6	0.0	0.1	1.1	0.2	0.6	0.0	0.6	0.3	0.4	0.5
	F	1.655	0.124	0.247	3.146	0.466	1.648	0.024	1.611	0.718	1.162	1.388
RM7390	P (%)	2.8	0.1	0.1	0.7	0.3	0.4	0.1	4.1	2.8	1.6	3.2
	F	2.435	0.066	0.123	0.568	0.258	0.354	0.118	3.592	2.358	1.376	2.710
RM8268	P (%)	2.2	3.7	0.0	0.4	0.0	0.5	4.2	0.0	2.1	2.2	3.0
	F	6.450^*	10.727^**	0.109	1.175	0.026	1.537	12.482^**	0.135	5.960^*	6.410^*	8.572^**
RM1509	P (%)	5.8	3.4	6.0	1.8	2.4	2.5	11.3	10.1	22.3	1.6	16.3
	F	13.739^**	8.035^**	14.418^**	4.165^*	5.427^*	5.742^*	28.569^**	25.198^**	64.646^**	3.719	43.945^**
RM3421	P (%)	0.1	0.6	0.3	1.4	1.0	0.8	2.7	1.8	3.3	0.3	3.5
	F	0.139	1.217	0.685	2.883	1.942	1.709	5.564^*	3.589	6.861^**	0.648	7.239^**
RM7479	P (%)	1.8	1.8	31.9	22.2	20.1	12.4	26.1	9.4	33.5	0.0	1.6
	F	4.203^*	4.203^*	105.892^**	64.563^**	56.990^**	32.023^**	79.993^**	23.362^**	113.933^**	0.010	3.648

Table 4

Table 5

Differences of rice phenotypic traits among allelic variations of SSR markers"

标记 Marker	性状 Trait	等位变异Allelic variation
标记 Marker	性状 Trait	A	B	C	D	E	F	G
RM574	穗抽出度(cm)	5.110a	3.634b	3.869b
	穗实粒数	93.568b	118.674a	104.204b
RM1509	有效穗数	5.241b	7.440a	5.867b
	株高(cm)	114.975b	121.514b	158.033a
	穗抽出度(cm)	5.947a	3.068b	6.437a
	剑叶宽(cm)	1.623b	1.710b	1.917a
	穗实粒数	87.827b	126.353a	151.822a
	穗秕粒数	22.179b	45.994b	100.388a
	穗粒数	110.006c	172.432b	252.210a
RM7479	穗长(cm)	20.352c	22.730b	25.712a
	穗抽出度(cm)	8.782a	5.372b	3.010c
	剑叶长(cm)	23.981c	27.842b	31.825a
	剑叶宽(cm)	1.385b	1.617a	1.722a
	穗实粒数	64.971b	75.195b	122.804a
	穗秕粒数	18.655b	25.032b	45.232a
	穗粒数	83.627b	100.258b	168.135a
	千粒重(g)	26.833b	30.986a	26.695b
RM7097	穗抽出度(cm)	2.589c	4.943b	6.834ab	8.553a
RM241	株高(cm)	129.749ab	113.999c	126.473b	136.312a
	剑叶长(cm)	31.926a	29.075b	32.040a	33.004a
	千粒重(g)	25.527b	26.118b	26.860b	29.076a
M3466	株高(cm)	99.543c	120.741b	123.502b	149.720a
	穗长(cm)	20.051c	23.708b	25.318b	27.194a
	剑叶长(cm)	27.916b	28.890b	31.283b	34.952a
	穗实粒数	105.561a	72.997b	120.944a	107.380a
	结实率(%)	85.070a	72.790b	73.350b	75.400b
RM5611	穗长(cm)	21.411b	24.795a	25.221a	23.095a
	剑叶长(cm)	23.825b	31.995a	31.293a	30.354a
	剑叶宽(cm)	1.300b	1.667a	1.705a	1.648a
	穗实粒数	54.438b	123.596a	114.577a	114.779a
	穗粒数	79.724b	163.798a	158.224a	139.047a
RM6089	有效穗数	6.463a	3.900b	6.951a	7.349a
	千粒重(g)	28.211b	35.575a	27.028b	26.250b
RM8004	穗长(cm)	21.460c	23.502b	25.444a	25.987a
	穗抽出度(cm)	8.813a	5.957b	3.494bc	2.686c
RM3421	穗实粒数	75.087b	102.912a	118.110a	105.922a
	穗粒数	99.072b	135.735a	158.124a	141.240a
	千粒重(g)	31.875a	27.465b	26.421b	27.288b
RM471	穗秕粒数	47.960b	35.188b	35.502b	69.342a	45.679b
	千粒重(g)	26.393a	26.739a	27.525a	23.495b	25.918a
RM3525	剑叶长(cm)	34.282a	29.566b	30.686b	28.836b	30.326b
RM5481	穗长(cm)	23.661b	22.484b	15.225c	25.802a	25.686a
	剑叶长(cm)	29.285ab	27.415b	13.325c	32.358a	32.039a
	剑叶宽(cm)	1.681ab	1.496b	0.920c	1.713a	1.720a
	穗粒数	98.766b	98.156b	32.300c	191.251a	169.199a
	千粒重(g)	31.803a	28.320b	20.558d	24.384c	26.218bc
RM8268	株高(cm)	137.000a	120.047b	124.452ab	128.778ab	104.802c
RM202	穗长(cm)	23.607a	24.258a	20.758b	25.334a	25.682a	24.110a
	剑叶长(cm)	30.124a	31.245a	22.711b	30.446a	31.836a	29.752a
	剑叶宽(cm)	1.612a	1.662a	1.404b	1.732a	1.662a	1.692a
	穗实粒数	92.390a	95.910a	52.414b	114.300a	118.600a	94.130a
	穗粒数	112.411a	118.741a	73.673b	164.907a	160.624a	118.331a
RM1812	穗长(cm)	26.100a	26.100a	24.681ab	21.746c	23.894b	25.330ab
	千粒重(g)	23.331b	27.380a	25.980a	26.780a	28.780a	26.380a
RM1986	穗抽出度(cm)	7.252a	4.249bc	4.249bc	2.568c	5.126b	4.922b
	剑叶长(cm)	26.870b	31.026a	31.026a	29.636a	32.360a	30.001a
RM3395	穗秕粒数	73.633a	42.805bc	36.777bc	28.864c	52.440b	40.561bc	27.626c
RM3855	有效穗数	5.706c	6.928bc	7.363bc	6.800bc	7.398bc	7.496b	9.267a
	株高(cm)	136.477a	123.272a	114.501a	120.412a	119.928a	121.798a	94.000b
	穗长(cm)	25.443a	24.607a	23.144a	24.865a	23.281a	25.514a	20.307b
	千粒重(g)	27.848a	28.396a	26.214a	29.181a	27.679a	25.833a	21.453b
RM3394	千粒重(g)	21.730b	27.043a	26.728a	29.020a	29.013a	26.546a	27.890a

Table 5

Table 6

Table 7

Rice germplasm with comprehensive principal component score ≥1.000"

编号Code	分析单元Analysis unit	种质名称Germplasm name	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC4	D
Z7	中国云南	大白谷	2.385	1.095	-0.282	2.361	1.628
Z15	中国云南	huoheng	0.932	5.537	-0.718	1.370	1.771
Z21	中国云南	花壳	2.866	3.401	0.973	2.451	2.600
Z25	中国云南	小勐卯	2.282	-0.585	1.569	0.009	1.157
Z30	中国云南	毫糯浪	0.078	8.905	-0.693	0.838	2.084
Z82	中国云南	黄板所	1.882	1.099	0.308	-0.063	1.136
Z107	中国云南	桂朝糯	1.667	1.559	0.299	0.557	1.238
Z112	中国云南	红吊谷	2.336	0.581	0.745	2.510	1.687
Z113	中国云南	绿帮谷	1.727	1.038	0.595	2.181	1.444
Z143	老挝	纳列3	3.113	0.772	0.249	-1.674	1.356
Z162	老挝	纳列5	4.308	-0.336	1.730	-0.146	2.123
Z163	老挝	纳列13	3.750	0.327	-0.228	-0.664	1.610
Z170	老挝	曼岛9	2.126	2.077	0.050	1.961	1.733
Z173	老挝	曼岛16	2.512	0.862	-0.003	0.266	1.360
Z194	老挝	纳列9	1.571	1.956	-1.059	1.552	1.205
Z211	老挝	南元Y10	2.240	0.576	-0.406	-0.415	1.000
Z213	老挝	南元Y12	2.213	2.070	0.235	-0.259	1.464
Z232	老挝	BLKS1176	1.926	1.997	-0.336	-0.983	1.111
Z298	缅甸	Ssin thukha	1.984	-1.077	1.880	0.650	1.062
Z329	缅甸	Naung Tu Mee She	1.160	1.096	0.794	1.418	1.122
Z339	缅甸	Yakhine Bo	2.925	-0.637	1.196	1.038	1.524
Z341	缅甸	Kyun Put Gyi	2.753	-0.135	-0.939	1.952	1.335
Z342	缅甸	Saba Phyu	3.811	-1.893	-1.926	3.008	1.397
Z343	缅甸	Shwe Pyi Aye	1.867	0.716	1.186	1.023	1.358
Z347	缅甸	Nga Hhmwe	1.384	0.774	1.542	1.142	1.234
Z349	缅甸	Man Sar	0.646	1.157	0.354	3.137	1.093
Z351	缅甸	Ta Yay Gyi	2.033	2.333	-1.360	3.814	1.791
Z352	缅甸	Kyaung Thwa	3.682	-1.981	-0.973	2.669	1.431
Z354	缅甸	Mayin Ni	1.874	0.799	0.394	0.156	1.112
Z356	缅甸	Lone Phyu	2.838	0.173	1.218	0.561	1.602
Z357	缅甸	Let Thae Gyan	2.531	1.097	-1.089	3.505	1.729
Z358	缅甸	Myin Thwa Gyi	2.001	0.870	-0.357	0.848	1.162
Z362	缅甸	Saw Pha Gyi	2.568	0.428	-1.080	1.645	1.311
Z363	缅甸	Khao La Shae	1.858	1.225	-0.348	0.463	1.122
Z364	缅甸	Khaw Ma Kyaw	3.820	-1.353	0.393	0.778	1.583
Z369	缅甸	Ye Tha	1.793	0.222	1.247	0.703	1.173

Table 7

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分析单元 Analysis unit	等位基因数 N_a	有效等位基因数 N_e	基因多样性指数 H	Shannon多样性指数 I	多态位点数 NPL	多态位点百分率 PPL (%)	得分 Score
老挝Laos	1.8803±0.3258	1.2424±0.3224	0.1526±0.1672	0.2510±0.2295	125	88.03	8
缅甸Myanmar	1.9014±0.2992	1.2306±0.2847	0.1526±0.1538	0.2555±0.2141	128	90.14	11
中国云南Yunnan, China	1.9437±0.2314	1.2487±0.2587	0.1704±0.1420	0.2871±0.1969	134	94.37	18

标记 Marker	稀有等位变异位点Rare allelic variation loci			特有等位变异位点Peculiar allelic variation loci
标记 Marker	老挝 Laos	缅甸 Myanmar	中国云南 Yunnan, China	老挝 Laos	缅甸 Myanmar	中国云南 Yunnan, China
RM1812	A、B、C、D	A、B、C、D、E	A、B、C
RM574	B	A			A
RM551	B、E	B、E	A、E			A
RM434	B	A、B	B		A
RM214	A、B、C、F	A、C、E、F	A、C、E、F、H			D、H
RM202	A、F	B、C	B
RM7097	C、D	C、D	D
RM3395	A、D、E、G	A、D、G	A、D、E、G
RM241	A、D	D
RM10806		B
RM8004	A、D	C	A
RM471	A、B、D	E	D
RM1986	A、B	A、B、C、D、E	A、B、G、H			G
RM3466	A、D	C	A、D
RM3525		D	E
RM3643	C、D、F、I、J、K	C、D、E、I、J	C、F		E
RM3855	A、B、C、D、E、G	A、C、D、F、G	A、C、D、G
RM5481	A、B、D	E、F	C、D		F
RM5611	A、D	C	B
RM6089	B、C	D	C
RM3394	B、D、E	A、B、D、F、G	A、B、E、G
RM7396	A、D	E	A、B、D、E
RM7390	B、F	F	A、B、C
RM8268	A、B	A、D、E	E
RM15090		B、C			C
RM3421	A、D	D	A
RM7479	A

项目 Item	主成分Principle component
项目 Item	PC1	PC2	PC3	PC4
株高Plant height (cm)	0.247	0.108	-0.372	0.606
穗长Panicle length (cm)	0.400	0.126	-0.095	0.101
有效穗数Effective panicle number per plant	-0.114	-0.125	0.507	0.254
穗实粒数Filled grain number per panicle	0.369	0.268	0.392	0.071
穗秕粒数Unfilled grain number per panicle	0.306	-0.537	-0.080	-0.008
穗粒数Grains per panicle	0.455	-0.103	0.252	0.051
结实率Seed setting rate (%)	-0.064	0.628	0.332	0.011
千粒重1000-grain weight (g)	0.017	0.351	-0.380	-0.468
穗抽出度Panicle exsertion (cm)	-0.188	0.198	-0.295	0.607
剑叶长Flag leaf length (cm)	0.391	0.132	-0.029	0.029
剑叶宽Flag leaf width (cm)	0.370	0.109	-0.171	-0.211
特征值Eigenvalue	3.796	1.946	1.458	1.294
方差贡献率Variance contribution rate (%)	34.510	17.690	13.251	11.767
累计贡献率Cumulative contribution rate (%)	34.510	52.200	65.451	77.218

Analysis of Genetic Diversity by SSR Markers and Correlation of Main Agronomic Traits of Rice Germplasm Resources in Border Areas of Yunnan

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