Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 157-165.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.01.021

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Effects of Humic Acid and Different Tillage Measures on Carbon Pool and Microbial Community Structure in Saline Alkali Soil

Yang Yanming1(), Zhou Yi1,2, Zhang Zijian1, Zhao Yang1, Li Yajian2, Pang Yaqi1, Wang Yaxun1, Han Wenyu2, Liu Jinghui1()   

  1. 1College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010000, Inner Mongolia, China
    2Tongliao Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Tongliao 028000, Inner Mongolia, China
  • Received:2022-09-03 Revised:2023-02-09 Online:2024-02-15 Published:2024-02-20
  • Contact: Liu Jinghui E-mail:68282761@qq.com;15771396947@163.com

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Abstract:

Rainfall or irrigation crusting at seedling stage of saline alkali soil crops is the main cause of soil environment deterioration. In order to clarify the effects of applying humic acid and cultivation measures at seedling stage on the carbon pool and microbial community of saline alkali soil, three treatments of rotary tillage+humic acid (HA), rotary tillage+shallow loosening at seedling stage+humic acid (QHA), rotary tillage+ suppression at seedling stage+humic acid (ZHA) were set through field experiments, and rotary tillage without applying humic acid was used as the control (CK), by measuring soil pH, EC, organic carbon, inorganic carbon and bacterial and fungal community structure, the change rules were revealed. The results showed that the application of humic acid could effectively reduce soil pH, slightly reduce soil inorganic carbon (SIC) content, and increase soil TOC content, and the increase rate of shallow loosening treatment was the most significant, reaching 40.36%. Increasing humic acid application could lead to a small decrease in soil MBC, while shallow loosening and suppression will further increase the decrease; Increasing the application of humic acid could significantly increase K+, increase K+/Na+, greatly reduce Na+ damage, and improved the salt tolerance of crops. Correlation analysis showed that microorganisms were closely related to environmental factors, among which Gemmatimonadetes, Planctomycetes, Mortierellomycota and Rozellomycota were significantly positively correlated with soil pH; Acidobacteria, Mortierellomycota, Glomeromycota and Mucoromycota were significantly positively correlated with SIC; Rozellomycota was positively correlated with pH and SIC; Firmicutes and Ascomycota were significantly positively correlated with TOC, Verrucomicrobia was extremely significantly positively correlated with MBC, and Chytridiomycota was significantly positively correlated with active organic carbon. Through comprehensive analysis of various indicators, it was found that the carbon pool and microbia community structure of saline alkali soil were the best under the treatment of increasing humic acid and shallow loosening (QHA) at seedling stage.

Key words: Humic acid, Saline-alkali soil, Carbon pool, Microbial community structure

Fig.1

Effects of increasing humic acid application on soil pH, EC and moisture under different tillage measures The different lowercase letters indicate the significant difference at the 0.05 level, the same below."

Table 1

Change of different treatments on carbon pool management indexes g/kg"

处理 TOC (g/kg) DOC (g/kg) MBC (mg/kg) SIC (%) CO2 [mg/(cm2?24h)] A CPI AI CPMI
CK 6.82±0.25b 1.24±0.22bc 309.97±28.08a 9.31±0.03a 86.43±0.80b 0.22±0.05b 1.00 1.00 1.00
HA 8.00±0.70ab 2.74±0.35a 272.25±15.10a 9.21±0.08a 110.37±0.72a 0.52±0.04a 1.17 2.42 2.83
QHA 9.58±0.69a 0.91±0.06d 232.08±31.63ab 9.03±0.04a 73.42±1.15c 0.11±0.01c 1.40 0.49 0.69
ZHA 8.05±1.88ab 1.49±0.18b 151.75±28.07b 9.21±0.07a 84.58±1.14b 0.23±0.04b 1.18 1.09 1.29

Fig.2

Effects of different tillage measures on contents of K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+ in soil"

Fig.3

Effects of different tillage on bacterial (a) and fungal (b) colonies in topsoil"

Table 2

Alpha diversity indexes of bacteria and fungus in soil under different tillage measures"

项目Item 处理Treatment ACE Chao1 Simpson Shannon
细菌Bacteria CK 894.39±4.51a 876.10±11.61a 0.9925±0.0010a 8.0913±0.1030a
HA 869.64±76.57ab 860.62±97.99a 0.9858±0.0013ab 7.6918±0.1104a
QHA 843.63±54.43b 836.71±50.55a 0.9885±0.0024ab 7.8091±0.1913a
ZHA 850.87±13.79ab 837.67±12.65a 0.9824±0.0089b 7.7212±0.2688a
真菌Fungus CK 291.48±15.51a 293.24±14.51a 0.9575±0.0032a 6.1063±0.1915a
HA 282.41±19.00a 288.78±23.57a 0.9339±0.0086a 5.7549±0.1114a
QHA 242.94±14.83a 232.14±29.58a 0.7823±0.1019a 4.2029±1.1615a
ZHA 301.93±37.23a 315.46±138.48a 0.9378±0.0221a 5.6122±0.3665a

Fig.4

Distribution of bacteria (a) and fungi (b) phylum levels in soils under different tillage measures"

Fig.5

Distribution of bacteria (a) and fungi (b) in soil under different tillage measures"

Fig.6

Correlation between soil bacteria and environmental factors with different tillage measures “*”and“**”indicate significant correlation at the 0.05 and 0.01 levels, respectively, the same below."

Fig.7

Correlation between soil fungus and environmental factors under different tillage measures"

Fig.8

Effects of different tillage measures on biological yield of oat"

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