Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 158-164.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.02.019

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Study on the Flue-Curing Processes in the Intensive Curing House Suitable for the Harvesting at One Time of Six Middle Leaves of Paddy-Tobacco

Li Sijun1(), Bi Yiming2, Hou Jianlin1, Wu Wenxin1(), Deng Xiaoqiang1, Jiang Zhimin2, Tian Yunong2, Hao Xianwei2, Zhang Cheng2, Zhu Lin3, Xia Bin3, Deng Xiaohua3()   

  1. 1Guiyang County Branch of Chenzhou Tobacco Company in Hunan Province, Chenzhou 424400, Hunan,China
    2China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310008, Zhejiang,China
    3College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, Hunna, China
  • Received:2022-10-24 Revised:2022-12-24 Online:2024-04-15 Published:2024-04-15

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Abstract:

To provide reference for the formulation of rice stubble flue-cured tobacco curing technology, bulk curing barns technology suitable for one-time harvesting of six leaves in the middle of flue-cured tobacco in rice stubble was clarified. The effects of four-step curing technology (T1) and medium temperature and medium humidity curing technology (T2) were compared and analyzed with Yunyan 87 middle leaves as experimental materials. The results showed that, the average values of appearance quality index, physical characteristics index, total score of smoking quality and comprehensive quality index of tobacco leaves after T1 treatment were 0.81%, 3.89%, 7.99% and 4.57%, higher than those of T2 treatment; availability index of chemical components was 4.29% lower than that of T2 treatment. Starch content of the four-step curing technology was slightly higher than that of T2 treatment, but the chlorogenic acid content was 14.18% higher than that of T2 treatment. The fine tobacco ratio of the T1 treatment increased by 4.62%, the fuel cost decreased by 11.17%, and the total energy consumption cost decreased by 9.35%. The four-step curing technology can improve the quality, high quality tobacco leaf and average price of six middle leaves of flue-cured tobacco in rice stubble after one-time harvest, reduce the curing costs, and possesses certain promotion value.

Key words: Paddy-tobacco, Six tobacco leaves in middle part, Harvesting at one time, Flue-curing processes, Quality evaluation of flue-cured tobacco

Table 1

Appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco of different curing processes"

叶位
Leaf position		 处理
Treatment		 颜色
Colour		 成熟度
Mature		 叶片结构
Leaf structure		 油分
Oil		 色度
Chroma		 身份
Body		 AQI
D5 T1 8.08±1.31a 7.13±1.39a 8.08±0.67a 6.18±1.09a 5.70±1.60a 4.28±0.99b 68.69±1.07b
T2 8.08±1.57a 7.13±1.01a 8.08±0.79a 6.65±0.45a 5.70±0.86a 6.65±0.43a 72.11±1.65a
D6 T1 8.08±1.50a 7.60±0.60a 8.08±1.86a 6.18±0.77a 5.70±0.96a 6.65±0.84a 72.96±0.59b
T2 8.08±1.02a 7.60±1.43a 8.55±1.12a 6.65±0.74a 6.18±0.56a 6.65±1.24a 74.77±0.21a
D7 T1 8.08±0.70a 7.60±1.32a 8.55±1.32a 6.65±035a 5.70±1.08a 7.13±1.26a 74.86±0.96a
T2 8.08±1.29a 6.65±1.21a 8.55±1.29a 6.65±0.38a 6.18±0.79a 6.65±1.11a 71.92±0.40b
D8 T1 8.55±0.95a 7.60±0.70a 8.55±0.45a 6.65±0.28b 5.70±0.94a 7.22±0.97a 75.92±0.42a
T2 8.08±0.76a 7.60±1.27a 8.08±0.63a 7.13±0.21a 6.18±1.24a 7.60±0.19a 75.72±0.40a
D9 T1 8.55±1.23a 8.08±1.30a 8.08±1.45a 6.65±0.37b 6.18±0.75a 7.60±1.40a 77.52±0.71a
T2 8.08±1.08a 7.60±1.17a 7.60±1.48a 7.13±0.19a 6.18±1.19a 7.60±1.55a 74.96±0.33b
D10 T1 8.08±1.72a 8.08±1.47a 8.08±1.39a 6.65±0.96a 6.18±0.85a 7.60±1.58a 76.57±0.94a
T2 7.60±1.27a 7.60±1.37a 7.60±1.66a 6.65±0.66a 6.18±1.06a 7.60±1.45a 73.44±0.96b
Mean T1 8.23±1.99a 7.68±0.83a 8.23±1.05a 6.49±0.32a 5.86±0.91a 6.75±1.04a 74.42±0.90a
T2 8.00±1.25a 7.36±1.20a 8.08±1.71a 6.81±0.28a 6.10±0.97a 7.13±1.49a 73.82±0.86a

Table 2

Physical properties of flue-cured tobacco of different curing processes"

叶位
Leaf
position		 处理
Treatment		 开片度
Length with width
proportion (%)		 叶片厚度
Thickness of
leaf (μm)		 单叶质量
Weight per
leaf (g)		 含梗率
Stem ratio
(%)		 叶质重
Weight of unit
leaf area (g/m2)		 平衡含水率
Balance water
ratio (%)		 PPI
D5 T1 34.53±2.38a 88.33±1.79a 6.33±0.38a 31.40±3.80b 93.01±4.70a 14.74±0.49a 89.61±1.86a
T2 30.24±1.46b 90.67±2.01a 6.67±0.68a 34.85±0.78a 95.65±2.25a 13.76±1.21a 86.09±1.12b
D6 T1 36.30±1.12a 107.00±3.11b 7.93±0.81a 30.49±3.12b 109.18±2.26a 13.89±0.49a 91.70±1.09a
T2 32.47±1.34b 111.67±3.51a 8.50±0.95a 35.54±0.98a 92.21±4.70b 13.76±0.46a 87.08±1.45b
D7 T1 31.55±2.97a 109.67±4.22b 9.57±0.81a 29.70±1.79b 110.33±0.73a 15.59±1.77a 91.22±1.77a
T2 30.47±2.43a 121.33±22.5a 10.03±1.84a 33.34±2.45a 108.38±1.26b 12.97±0.46b 86.59±1.74b
D8 T1 32.29±2.81a 116.67±5.69b 10.07±1.66a 31.06±1.17b 137.52±2.03a 15.30±0.85a 86.78±1.35a
T2 30.92±0.96a 125.67±3.10a 11.60±1.91a 33.38±2.15a 109.54±3.73b 14.55±1.65a 85.78±2.38a
D9 T1 35.67±1.77a 123.67±3.50b 11.47±1.11a 26.67±2.53b 122.87±2.68a 16.15±0.85a 90.20±1.31a
T2 30.93±3.78a 131.00±2.39a 12.30±1.12a 33.55±2.35a 116.73±2.03b 14.29±0.79b 83.27±2.57b
D10 T1 30.84±1.76a 127.33±1.14b 12.10±0.78a 32.87±1.30b 116.66±5.81a 15.08±0.79a 84.67±1.50a
T2 30.12±3.11a 133.00±52.29a 12.97±0.96a 34.96±1.36a 108.74±2.87b 13.50±2.94b 82.17±1.02b
Mean T1 33.53±3.13a 113.44±2.00b 9.58±2.06a 30.36±1.11b 114.93±2.46a 15.12±1.09a 90.79±1.70a
T2 30.86±2.42a 118.89±2.34a 10.38±2.87a 34.27±1.89a 105.21±9.31b 13.80±1.38b 87.39±1.29b

Table 3

Conventional chemical composition contents of flue-cured tobacco of different curing processes"

叶位
Leaf
position		 处理
Treatment		 总糖
Total sugar
(%)		 还原糖
Reducing sugar
(%)		 烟碱
Nicotine
(%)		 总氮
Total nitrogen
(%)		 钾
Potassium
(%)		 氯
Chlorine
(%)		 CCUI
D5 T1 27.52±1.17a 21.48±1.09a 1.64±0.28a 1.64±0.06b 2.72±0.11a 0.31±0.04a 85.14±1.69b
T2 22.94±1.02b 21.34±1.08a 1.68±0.08a 1.82±0.11a 2.65±0.34a 0.29±0.20a 88.34±2.05a
D6 T1 31.13±3.01a 24.48±1.10a 2.20±0.12a 1.75±0.14b 2.23±0.57a 0.18±0.08a 87.28±1.84a
T2 20.55±2.11b 18.90±1.14b 2.30±0.91a 1.93±0.21a 2.63±0.28a 0.39±0.10a 88.84±2.21a
D7 T1 32.19±4.03a 26.04±1.01a 2.21±0.26a 1.70±0.09b 2.29±0.35a 0.21±0.04a 86.23±1.77a
T2 23.62±2.15b 22.14±1.05b 2.35±0.21a 1.90±0.06a 2.55±0.27a 0.21±0.13a 88.25±2.35a
D8 T1 33.42±1.22a 26.39±1.02a 2.29±0.33a 1.54±0.08a 2.55±0.76a 0.35±0.06a 81.46±2.56a
T2 30.90±2.09a 27.24±2.02a 2.44±0.59a 1.60±0.03a 2.56±0.40a 0.34±0.21a 84.52±1.64a
D9 T1 34.06±2.07a 26.72±1.03a 2.42±0.57a 1.49±0.03b 2.14±0.42a 0.33±0.09a 81.16±1.58b
T2 28.48±1.01b 26.95±1.07a 2.51±0.39a 1.77±0.03a 2.43±0.22a 0.39±0.16a 85.53±1.86a
D10 T1 34.24±2.11a 28.21±1.04a 2.43±0.06a 1.50±0.13a 2.06±0.55a 0.41±0.07a 81.35±1.52b
T2 27.68±3.06b 26.01±1.03a 2.54±0.24a 1.68±0.04a 2.49±0.55a 0.39±0.15a 88.70±3.74a
Mean T1 32.43±3.83a 25.55±1.22a 2.20±0.58a 1.60±0.22a 2.33±2.45a 0.37±0.19a 83.77±2.05b
T2 25.69±3.75b 23.76±1.34b 2.30±0.35a 1.78±0.20a 2.55±0.85a 0.40±0.09a 87.36±1.88a

Fig.1

Starch content of flue-cured tobacco of different curing processes Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at the 0.05 level, the same below"

Fig.2

Chlorogenic acid content of flue-cured tobacco of different curing processes"

Fig.3

Smoking quality score of flue-cured tobacco of different curing processes"

Fig.4

Quality index of flue-cured tobacco of different curing processes"

Fig.5

The high quality tobacco rate and average price of flue-cured tobacco of different curing processes"

Fig.6

Energy costs of different curing processes"

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