Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 82-89.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.04.010

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Analyzing of the Mixed Inheritance Model of Major Gene Plus Polygene of Main Traits in Foxtail Millet

Xie Huifang1(), Wei Menghan2, Song Zhongqiang1, Liu Jinrong1, Wang Suying1, Xing Lu1, Wang Shujun1, Liu Haiping1, Jia Xiaoping3(), Song Hui1()   

  1. 1Anyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
    2Xuchang Vocational Technical College, Xuchang 461000, Henan, China
    3College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China
  • Received:2023-02-10 Revised:2023-09-21 Online:2024-08-15 Published:2024-08-14

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Abstract:

This study revealed the genetic rules of nine main agronomic traits in foxtail millet, including heading date, growth period, plant height, numbers of stem nodes, internode length under panicle, panicle neck diameter, panicle length, panicle diameter, single panicle weight, grain weight per panicle. These results served as a guide for future genetic improvement and gene mapping of related traits. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population with 584 families was constructed using Yugu 18 as the female parent and Jigu 38 as the male parent. Nine traits of the RIL population were analyzed using the mixed inheritance model of major gene plus polygene. The results showed that the traits of RIL population showed different degree of separation, the highest variation coefficient was grain weight per panicle, the lowest coefficient of variation was growth period. Correlation analysis was carried out for traits, the result showed that there were significant correlations among the traits. The highest correlation with grain weight per panicle was single panicle weight, following by plant height. The genetic model analysis showed that strong main gene effects were seen in panicle neck diameter, growth period, and heading date, major genes also showed a high heritability.

Key words: Foxtail millet, Recombinant inbred line (RIL), Agronomic traits, Major gene plus polygene, Inheritance model

Table 1

Characteristics description of parents and RIL populations"

性状
Trait		 亲本Parent RIL群体RIL population
豫谷18
Yugu 18		 冀谷38
Jigu 38		 最小值
Min. value		 最大值
Max. value		 中位数
Median		 平均值
Mean value		 标准偏差
Standard deviation		 变异系数
Variable coefficient (%)		 偏斜度
Skewness		 峰度
Kurtosis
抽穗期HD (d) 53.00 56.00 49.00 68.00 57.00 56.79 3.09 5.45 0.01 -0.09
生育期GP (d) 92.00 94.00 87.00 101.00 92.00 91.60 2.82 3.08 0.34 0.45
株高PH (cm) 113.17 124.00 92.00 150.33 124.00 123.92 9.69 7.82 -0.15 0.09
主茎节数NSN 12.33 14.00 10.00 16.67 13.33 13.42 1.05 7.85 -0.32 0.17
穗下节间长PIL (cm) 29.00 38.33 17.00 41.00 29.67 29.49 3.53 11.99 -0.27 0.33
穗颈粗PND (cm) 2.50 3.19 2.10 3.67 2.75 2.77 0.27 9.77 0.70 0.75
穗长PL (cm) 19.83 23.83 15.67 29.67 22.67 22.72 2.11 9.30 0.08 0.46
单穗重SPW (g) 17.95 14.84 9.44 24.44 15.78 15.92 2.59 16.25 0.44 0.02
单穗粒重GWP (g) 14.62 11.09 7.22 19.77 12.05 12.21 2.12 17.40 0.48 0.14

Fig.1

Frequent (column), mixed (red line), and component (black line) distributions for nine traits in RIL population"

Fig.2

The ratio of transgressive inheritance in the RIL population"

Table 2

Correlation of the traits in the RIL populations"

性状
Trait		 抽穗期
HD		 生育期
GP		 株高
PH		 主茎节数
NSN		 穗下节间长
PIL		 穗颈粗
PND		 穗长
PL		 单穗重
SPW		 单穗粒重
GWP
抽穗期HD 1.000
生育期GP 0.716** 1.000
株高PH 0.166** 0.151** 1.000
主茎节数NSN 0.385** 0.260** 0.482** 1.000
穗下节间长PIL -0.122** -0.070 0.347** -0.154** 1.000
穗颈粗PND 0.143** 0.052 0.038 0.106* -0.092* 1.000
穗长PL 0.005 0.052 0.146** 0.056 0.018 0.484** 1.000
单穗重SPW 0.119** 0.130** 0.289** 0.061 0.118** 0.256** 0.250** 1.000
单穗粒重GWP 0.124** 0.138** 0.314** 0.056 0.145** 0.242** 0.260** 0.964** 1.000

Table 3

Maximum logarithmic likelihood value (MLV) and Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) values of candidate models for nine traits, and the adaptability test of the genetic models"

性状
Trait		 备选模型
Candidate model		 极大对数似然函数值
Maximum logarithmic likelihood value		 AIC值
AIC value		 适合性检验
Test of goodness-of-fit
抽穗期HD 4MG-AI -1477.311 2976.621 1/0/0/2/2
3MG-AI -1489.350 2996.700 1/1/1/2/2
MX2-ED-A -1495.658 3003.316 0/0/0/1/1
生育期GP 4MG-AI -1172.061 2366.122 0/0/3/1/1
MX3-AI-A -1366.896 2755.791 0/0/1/1/1
MX2-EA-A -1372.996 2755.992 0/0/1/1/1
株高PH MX2-IE-A -2165.974 4341.948 0/0/0/0/0
MX2-CE-A -2165.999 4341.998 0/0/0/0/0
PG-AI -2166.407 4342.813 0/0/0/0/0
主茎节数NSN 3MG-CEA -867.231 1740.461 0/0/0/1/1
2MG-CE -868.123 1742.246 0/0/0/1/1
2MG-AE -868.004 1744.008 0/0/0/1/1
穗下节间长PIL PG-AI -1591.805 3193.611 0/0/0/0/0
MX2-AI-AI -1589.787 3195.574 0/0/0/0/0
MX1-A-AI -1591.813 3195.625 0/0/0/0/0
穗颈粗PND MX3-AI-A -39.956 101.912 0/0/1/0/0
MX2-IE-A -405.471 820.942 0/1/2/1/1
MX2-CE-A -405.489 820.978 0/1/2/1/1
穗长PL PG-AI -1269.208 2548.416 0/0/0/0/0
MX2-IE-A -1269.400 2548.801 0/0/0/0/0
MX2-CE-A -1269.430 2548.860 0/0/0/0/0
单穗重SPW MX2-AE-A -1381.294 2774.588 0/0/0/0/0
MX2-AI-AI -1380.063 2776.127 0/0/0/0/0
MX2-AI-A -1381.294 2776.588 0/0/0/0/0
单穗粒重GWP MX2-DE-A -1265.140 2540.281 0/0/0/0/0
MX2-AE-A -1264.671 2541.342 0/0/0/0/0
MX2-ED-A -1264.898 2541.797 0/0/0/0/0

Table 4

Univalent genetic parameters of the traits in the RIL population"

性状Trait 模型Model m(m1) m2 m3 d(da) db dc iab(i*) iac ibc iabc [d]
抽穗期HD MX2-ED-A 56.925 － － 0.265 3.876 － － － － － -3.703
生育期GP MX3-AI-A 91.642 － － -2.284 -1.183 -1.187 0.086 0.087 1.184 -0.084 3.739
株高PH MX2-IE-A 122.150 － － － － － -3.575 － － － -5.417
主茎节数NSN 3MG-CEA 13.324 － － -0.361 -0.361 -0.361 － － － － －
穗下节间长PIL PG-AI 29.000 38.33 29.462 － － － － － － － －
穗颈粗PND MX3-AI-A 2.805 － － -2.514 -2.386 -2.514 -0.021 0.107 -0.021 -2.386 9.480
穗长PL PG-AI 19.830 23.83 22.716 － － － － － － － －
单穗重SPW MX2-AE-A 15.895 － － 1.151 － － 0.573 － － － -0.745
单穗粒重GWP MX2-DE-A 13.452 － － － － － -1.019 － － － 1.765

Table 5

Bivalent genetic parameters of the traits in the RIL population"

性状
Trait		 模型
Model		 方差
Variance		 主基因方差
Major gene variance		 多基因方差
Polygenes variance		 主基因遗传率
Major gene heritability (%)		 多基因遗传率
Polygenes heritability (%)
抽穗期HD MX2-ED-A 2.50 7.06 1.69 73.84 17.71
生育期GP MX3-AI-A 1.13 6.82 0.00 85.76 0.00
株高PH MX2-IE-A 83.97 10.01 83.56 10.65 88.91
主茎节数NSN 3MG-CEA 0.70 0.41 － 37.31 －
穗下节间长PIL PG-AI 12.94 － 12.45 － 96.10
穗颈粗PND MX3-AI-A 0.04 0.20 0.02 82.88 9.99
穗长PL PG-AI 4.45 － 4.34 － 97.24
单穗重SPW MX2-AE-A 3.69 3.01 3.52 44.91 52.60
单穗粒重GWP MX2-DE-A 2.71 1.81 2.55 40.00 56.51
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