Crops ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 109-116.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.03.017

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Effects of Vertical Deep Rotary Tillage on Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Potato Farmland

Miao Pinggui1, Yu Xianfeng2, Zhang Xucheng1,2(), Fang Yanjie2, Hou Huizhi2, Wang Hongli2, Ma Yifan2, Dou Xuecheng1()   

  1. 1School of Agriculture, Gansu Agricultural University/Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
    2Institute of Dryland Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
  • Received:2019-10-21 Revised:2019-11-02 Online:2020-06-15 Published:2020-06-10
  • Contact: Xucheng Zhang,Xuecheng Dou E-mail:gszhangxuch@163.com;tigerzyx@163.com

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Abstract:

In order to study the effects of vertical deep rotary tillage (VRT) technology on greenhouse gas (CO2 and N2O) emissions in the whole growth period of potato farmland was analyzed. Static box-gas chromatography was used in the experiment to design four treatments: vertical deep rotary mulch planting potato (VRT-P), rotary tillage mulch planting potato (TT-P), vertical deep rotary mulch without crop (VRT-FL) and rotary tillage without crop (TT-FL). Soil water content, temperature and greenhouse gas emission flux were measured to study the effect of vertical deep rotary tillage on greenhouse gas emissions and its mechanism. The results showed that VRT treatment could significantly increase the soil water content of the 0-30cm soil layer. At buding stage, early flowering stage, full flowering stage and starch accumulation stage, VRT-P increased by 9.8%, 8.4%, 14.6% and 18.9% respectively compared with TT-P, while VRT-FL increased by 12.3%, 9.1%, 10.7% and 26.8% respectively compared with TT-FL. Soil temperature in 0-25cm soil layer increased significantly at budding stage. The emission fluxes of greenhouse gases (N2O and CO2) from farmland soil showed a seasonal distribution pattern of high in summer and autumn and low in winter and spring. During the potato growth period, the N2O and CO2 emission fluxes of VRT-P increased by 39.9% and 26.1% respectively compared with TT-P, and increased by 11.2% and 35.9% respectively in leisure season. Compared with TT-P, the N2O and CO2 emission fluxes of VRT-RL increased by 62.8% and 4.4% respectively, and increased by 41.5% and 4.8% in leisure season respectively. Planting crop had a significant effect on greenhouse gas emissions. The N2O and CO2 emission fluxes of VRT-P increased by 78.2% and 41.9% respectively compared with VRT-FL, and TT-P significantly increased by 107.3% and 24.1% respectively compared with TT-FL. Therefore, vertical deep rotation tillage significantly increases the emission flux of soil greenhouse gases (N2O and CO2) due to the increase of soil temperature, humidity and the change of soil physical structure.

Key words: Vertical deep rotary tillage, Potato, Greenhouse gases, Discharge flux

Fig.1

Precipitation and average air temperature in test area in 2017"

Fig.2

Potato micro-furrows on ridges and planting with plastic mulching"

Fig.3

Dynamic changes of soil water (0-30cm) under different treatments Different letters indicate significant difference among treatments at 0.05 level, the same below"

Fig.4

Dynamic changes of soil temperature (0-25cm) under different treatments"

Fig.5

Seasonal dynamic changes of N2O emission flux from soils under different treatments"

Fig.6

Seasonal dynamic changes of CO2 emission flux from soils under different treatments"

Table 1

Regression equations of soil temperature (0-25cm) and greenhouse gas emission fluxes under different tillage measures"

气体排放通量
Gas emission flux		 处理
Treatment		 回归方程
Regression equation		 决定系数
Coefficient of determination (R2)		 相关系数
Correlation coefficient (r)
N2O排放通量 TT-P y=0.7157x-8.7865 0.4711 0.686*
N2O emission flux VRT-P y=1.3013x-19.7370 0.4317 0.657*
VRT-FL y=0.8064x-12.6620 0.5836 0.764**
TT-FL y=0.5486x-8.6616 0.4727 0.687*
CO2排放通量 TT-P y=50.5450x-531.4200 0.4427 0.649*
CO2 emission flux VRT-P y=70.9560x-866.2500 0.4871 0.715*
VRT-FL y=31.9210x-210.8100 0.6073 0.821**
TT-FL y=34.1400x-264.6100 0.4554 0.674*

Table 2

Regression equations of soil moisture (0-30cm) and greenhouse gas emission fluxes under different tillage measures"

气体排放通量
Gas emission flux		 处理
Treatment		 回归方程
Regression equation		 决定系数
Coefficient of determination (R2)		 相关系数
Correlation coefficient (r)
N2O排放通量 TT-P y=1.0920x-14.2490 0.4129 0.642*
N2O emission flux VRT-P y=1.6279x-23.5470 0.4493 0.671*
VRT-FL y=1.1503x-19.5530 0.7138 0.844**
TT-FL y=0.7816x-13.1510 0.8563 0.925**
CO2排放通量 TT-P y=92.5140x-1223.8000 0.5584 0.723*
CO2 emission flux VRT-P y=111.5600x-1550.6000 0.8008 0.913**
VRT-FL y=49.7470x-576.7400 0.8866 0.993**
TT-FL y=33.9710x-229.3800 0.4025 0.634*
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