Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 29-34.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.05.004

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Effects of Chlormequat Chloride and Gypsum Application on Rice Yield and Lodging Risk under Salt Stress

Du Hanmeng(), Chen Yuqiong, Liu Ruotong, Chen Yinglong, Dai Qigen, Zhang Hongcheng, Liao Ping()   

  1. Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Reclamation and Utilization (Coastal Saline-Alkali Land) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2024-10-12 Revised:2024-12-19 Online:2025-10-15 Published:2025-10-21

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Abstract:

Using an indica-japonica hybrid rice Yongyou 2640 as the material, three treatments of control, chlormequat chloride spray, and gypsum application were set up to explore the effects of different agronomic practices on rice yield and lodging characteristics in the coastal saline-alkali soils. The results showed that compared with the control, the spraying of chlormequat chloride had a tendency to increase yield, but the difference was not significant. The application of gypsum significantly increased the rice yield, with the increase mainly attributed to the rise in the number of grains per panicle. The spraying of chlormequat chloride significantly reduced the lodging index of the first, second and third internodes at the base of rice. The main reason for this was the increase of breaking resistance and the decrease of bending moment at the base internodes. Spraying chlormequat chloride reduced the plant height, center of gravity height and internode length of rice, while increasing the internode thickness and stem wall thickness. From the perspective of the material composition of the stems, spraying chlormequat chloride significantly increased the contents of non-structural carbohydrates, lignin and cellulose in the stems. The application of gypsum significantly reduced the lodging index of the first internode at the base of rice, significantly enhanced the breaking resistance of the first and second internodes at the base of rice, showed an increasing trend towards the bending moment, increased the internode length at the base of rice, and thereby increased plant height and center of gravity height. The application of gypsum increased internode diameter at the base of rice and the thickness of the stem wall, significantly enhancing the contents of non-structural carbohydrates, lignin, cellulose and Ca2+ in the stems. Thus, spraying chlormequat chloride and applying gypsum can reduce the lodging risk in coastal saline-alkali soils while maintaining high rice yield.

Key words: Coastal saline-alkali soil, Rice, Yield, Lodging resistance, Chlormequat chloride, Gypsum

Table 1

Effects of spraying chlormequat chloride and gypsum application on yield and its components of rice under salinity stress"

处理
Treatment		 每穴穗数
Panicles per hill		 每穗粒数
Spikelets per panicle		 结实率
Seed-setting rate (%)		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 产量（g/盆）
Yield (g/pot)
对照CK 3.89a 226b 86.3a 22.4a 51.4b
矮壮素Chlormequat chloride 3.78a 234a 86.8a 22.6a 54.6b
石膏Gypsum 4.11a 237a 87.8a 22.7a 59.6a

Table 2

Effects of spraying chlormequat chloride and gypsum application on the mechanical traits of rice stems under salinity stress"

处理
Treatment		 抗折力Breaking resistance (g) 弯曲力矩Bending moment (cm·g) 倒伏指数Lodging index (cm·g/g)
I1 I2 I3 I1 I2 I3 I1 I2 I3
对照CK 45.5b 31.9b 26.4a 636a 546a 422a 14.0a 17.1a 16.0a
矮壮素Chlormequat chloride 55.7a 36.0a 27.9a 525b 467b 346b 9.5c 13.0b 12.4b
石膏Gypsum 59.5a 35.7a 27.3a 665a 587a 450a 11.2b 16.4a 16.5a

Table 3

Effects of spraying chlormequat chloride and gypsum application on the morphological traits of rice stems under salinity stress"

处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 重心高度
Gravity center
height (cm)		 节间长
Internode length (cm)		 节间粗
Internode diameter (mm)		 茎壁厚度
Stem wall thickness (mm)
I1 I2 I3 I1 I2 I3 I1 I2 I3
对照CK 78.0b 36.8a 3.31b 8.14ab 11.60ab 5.25b 4.17b 4.02a 1.02a 0.73b 0.61a
矮壮素Chlormequat chloride 74.5c 32.9b 3.03c 7.68b 11.00b 5.70ab 4.81ab 4.41a 1.07a 0.83a 0.70a
石膏Gypsum 80.7a 38.7a 3.58a 8.56a 12.90a 5.87a 5.02a 4.54a 1.08a 0.82a 0.68a

Table 4

Effects of spraying chlormequat chloride and gypsum application on the chemical composition in the second basal internode of rice stem under salinity stress"

处理
Treatment		 可溶性糖
Soluble sugar (mg/g)		 淀粉
Starch (mg/g)		 非结构性碳水化合物
Non-structural carbohydrate (mg/g)		 木质素
Lignin (mg/g)		 纤维素
Cellulose (mg/g)		 Ca2+
(mg/kg)
对照CK 69.6c 227c 297c 97.8b 103b 331b
矮壮素Chlormequat chloride 86.5a 255b 341b 116.0a 110a 336b
石膏Gypsum 81.3b 295a 377a 118.0a 114a 360a

Fig.1

Correlation analysis of rice stem lodging index “*”and“**”indicate significant correlation at the P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 levels, respectively. NSC represents non-structural carbohydrate."

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