Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 164-171.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.06.020

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Effects of Foliar Propionyl Brassinolide Application on Photosynthesis, Agronomic Traits and Yield of Summer Soybean

Qin Nana(), Huang Linhua, Chen Ying, Wang Shengmou, Xie Yong, Miao Kai, Li Wanming, Qi Lan()   

  1. Dazhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dazhou 635000, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2024-07-15 Revised:2024-09-26 Online:2025-12-15 Published:2025-12-12

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Abstract:

To determine the optimal concentration of propionyl brassinolide (PBR) for foliar application in soybeans, a experiment was conducted using summer soybean varieties Gongxia 15, Gongxia 7103, Nanxiadou 38, and Nanxiadou 40, with five concentrations of PBR, namely clear water (CK), diluted solutions at 6000-fold (C1), 4000-fold (C2), 3000-fold (C3), and 2000-fold (C4). The aim was to investigate the effects of different concentrations of PBR on the photosynthesis, agronomic traits, and yield of summer soybeans. The results showed that with the increasing of PBR concentration, the relative chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, and intercellular CO2 concentration in the leaves of the four summer soybean varieties increased; net photosynthetic rate first increased and then decreased, reaching the maximum value at concentration C3; and there was significant difference in transpiration rate among some treatments. The number of effective pods per plant, the number of seeds per plant, 100-seed weight, and yield all showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of PBR concentration, with the maximum value at concentration C2 or C3. Plant height, number of main stem nodes, height of the lowest pod, effective branching number, and seed length and width were not affected. In conclusion, the optimal concentration for foliar application of PBR in soybean production was 3000-fold dilution.

Key words: Soybean, Propionyl brassinolide, Photosynthesis, Agronomic traits, Yield

Fig.1

Effect of foliar propionyl brassinolide application on SPAD value in leaves The different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at P < 0.05 level, the same below."

Fig.2

Effect of foliar propionyl brassinolide application on photosynthetic parameters in leaves"

Table 1

Effect of foliar propionyl brassinolide application on agronomic traits of soybean"

年份
Year		 品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 主茎节数
Number of main stem nodes		 底荚高度
Bottom pod height (cm)		 有效分枝数
Effective branch number
2022 GX15 CK 83.73±6.17abcd 17.33±0.82cde 18.47±1.76cde 4.07±0.25cde
C1 81.93±1.79abcd 18.13±0.96abcdef 19.73±3.49bcde 3.93±0.41de
C2 81.60±5.41abcd 18.60±0.16abcde 15.20±2.61e 4.73±0.38abcde
C3 79.00±5.24bcde 17.27±1.20cdef 16.20±2.51de 3.93±0.41de
C4 80.10±1.10abcde 17.87±0.09bcdef 22.00±4.53bcde 4.20±1.23bcde
GX7103 CK 72.40±1.57ef 16.33±1.00f 18.47±2.85cde 3.53±0.50e
C1 71.27±4.03ef 18.40±0.98abcde 16.73±2.00cde 5.67±0.38a
C2 70.00±4.71f 17.47±0.68cdef 15.47±1.41de 5.60±1.13a
C3 77.60±5.62cdef 17.24±1.87cdef 19.04±2.73cde 4.27±1.04bcde
C4 72.80±3.10ef 17.47±0.82cdef 16.07±3.61de 5.27±0.19abc
NXD38 CK 87.07±0.66ab 19.67±1.48ab 19.00±1.84cde 3.93±1.00de
C1 77.27±5.72def 19.00±1.13abc 19.80±0.91bcde 4.67±0.62abcde
C2 82.33±5.14abcd 19.93±1.09a 21.47±0.93bcde 4.87±0.41abcd
C3 88.53±4.17a 19.67±0.57ab 20.07±1.48bcde 4.47±0.41abcde
C4 79.07±5.70bcde 18.73±0.77abcd 35.00±2.79a 4.67±0.68abcde
NXD40 CK 86.40±3.18ab 16.33±1.32f 24.27±3.95bcde 4.67±0.66abcde
C1 86.00±2.44abc 16.80±0.28ef 27.00±1.42abc 5.00±0.43abcd
C2 86.93±2.71ab 17.47±0.52cdef 30.00±2.36ab 4.73±0.19abcde
C3 83.70±3.50abcd 16.27±0.41f 23.27±0.82bcde 4.80±0.28abcd
C4 87.27±2.74ab 17.00±0.33def 25.87±1.39abcd 5.40±0.16ab
品种 17.92** 14.31** 6.31** 3.09*
浓度 0.96 1.30 1.23 3.23*
品种×浓度 1.06 0.59 1.10 0.97
2023 GX15 CK 66.00±4.63abcde 17.07±1.61abcde 20.27±1.67abc 3.13±1.36abcd
C1 65.07±2.23bcdef 16.93±0.66abcde 18.20±2.47abc 3.00±0.75abcd
C2 64.47±5.60bcdef 17.13±1.54abcde 14.60±1.47c 3.87±0.57a
C3 67.80±0.98abcde 17.47±0.62abcd 17.87±0.66abc 3.47±0.41abc
C4 72.47±5.14ab 17.73±0.09abc 20.27±4.10abc 2.47±0.34bcdef
GX7103 CK 55.33±7.95f 14.27±0.75gh 18.20±1.88abc 1.40±0.59f
C1 57.67±2.97ef 13.87±0.38h 21.93±6.41ab 2.07±1.05def
C2 62.07±9.11cdef 15.33±1.57efgh 19.73±2.64abc 2.67±0.25bcde
C3 61.53±1.25def 15.67±0.41defgh 16.20±1.63bc 2.00±0.65def
C4 60.73±1.95def 14.73±0.34fgh 20.73±4.59abc 1.60±0.49ef
NXD38 CK 68.33±3.49abcd 17.80±0.28abc 18.73±0.77abc 2.40±0.43cdef
C1 75.80±3.02a 18.20±1.73ab 24.07±1.25a 2.33±0.25cdef
C2 71.73±5.33abc 18.47±0.34a 22.60±5.10ab 2.33±0.47cdef
C3 72.13±4.10abc 18.73±0.41a 21.60±4.85abc 1.67±0.52ef
C4 75.27±2.54a 18.47±1.33a 20.67±1.51abc 2.20±0.43def
NXD40 CK 71.87±3.80abc 15.93±0.25cdefg 15.53±4.97bc 3.07±0.41abcd
C1 75.93±4.25a 17.00±0.75abcde 20.00±4.25abc 3.60±0.16ab
C2 68.80±7.78abcd 15.27±0.34efgh 17.47±6.42abc 2.27±0.19def
C3 71.93±9.39abc 16.53±1.48bcdef 18.67±4.22abc 3.47±0.50abc
C4 70.80±2.83abcd 15.33±0.19efgh 21.00±1.14abc 2.60±0.65bcde
品种 14.44** 27.39** 1.70 10.42**
浓度 0.94 0.86 1.09 1.21
品种×浓度 0.59 0.75 0.61 1.34

Fig.3

Effect of foliar propionyl brassinolide application on seed length and seed width"

Table 2

Effect of foliar propionyl brassinolide application on yield-related traits and yield of soybean"

年份
Year		 品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 单株有效荚数
Number of effective
pods per plant		 单株粒数
Seed number
per plant		 百粒重
100-seed
weight (g)		 小区产量
Yield per
plot (kg/m2)		 产量
Yield
(kg/hm2)
2022 GX15 CK 34.60±6.53ghi 54.40±10.25e 14.86±0.18j 1.24±0.05ghi 2072.22±88.54ghi
C1 42.00±9.05efghi 65.07±12.71de 15.90±0.45ghi 1.26±0.07fghi 2094.44±115.74fghi
C2 62.13±5.19bc 97.60±7.80ab 16.43±0.25fg 1.44±0.14bcde 2405.56±239.73bcde
C3 40.47±1.18efghi 54.60±6.79e 16.60±0.59fg 1.62±0.09a 2694.44±152.95a
C4 36.60±11.02fghi 48.00±7.93e 14.93±0.66ij 1.51±0.06abcd 2511.11±103.04abcd
GX7103 CK 31.07±10.07i 48.07±15.65e 15.39±0.33hij 1.14±0.04hi 1900.67±61.97hi
C1 64.53±3.90ab 98.73±4.47ab 16.64±0.20fg 1.25±0.07fghi 2088.89±109.99fghi
C2 78.07±5.98a 111.87±11.56a 16.94±0.12f 1.34±0.08efg 2238.89±136.31efg
C3 52.73±2.95bcde 60.16±5.91e 17.05±0.07f 1.43±0.06bcde 2383.33±102.74bcde
C4 48.80±6.23cdefg 72.20±4.53cde 16.20±0.33fgh 1.33±0.06efg 2211.11±95.58efg
NXD38 CK 42.27±15.94efghi 69.33±27.55cde 21.44±0.71e 1.22±0.14ghi 2033.33±232.54ghi
C1 50.73±9.08bcdef 86.13±14.23bcd 22.68±0.75d 1.27±0.03fgh 2122.22±56.66fgh
C2 58.53±5.88bcd 91.27±6.15abc 25.99±0.62a 1.36±0.06defg 2272.22±92.63defg
C3 60.60±4.61bcd 71.27±16.08cde 26.51±0.65a 1.56±0.06ab 2600.00±98.13ab
C4 46.60±13.01defgh 67.53±5.69cde 23.06±0.59cd 1.27±0.08fgh 2111.11±136.99fgh
NXD40 CK 29.40±3.49i 44.87±6.41e 21.40±0.34e 1.11±0.06i 1857.78±106.33i
C1 33.00±6.72hi 51.67±13.52e 23.26±0.51cd 1.24±0.04ghi 2061.11±67.13ghi
C2 33.40±4.67ghi 63.45±5.17de 23.92±0.14bc 1.35±0.06efg 2250.00±108.01efg
C3 38.87±3.03efghi 62.27±5.25de 26.15±0.65a 1.54±0.07abc 2558.48±121.84abc
C4 35.53±7.31fghi 58.67±13.84e 24.57±0.81b 1.40±0.04cdef 2327.78±64.31cdef
品种 15.05** 7.76** 807.07** 4.34** 4.34**
浓度 10.36** 10.43** 50.57** 26.53** 26.53**
品种×浓度 2.25* 1.85 6.96** 0.98 0.98
2023 GX15 CK 43.73±6.49efgh 95.80±9.53abcde 14.09±0.50e 1.65±0.06abcd 2750.19±93.14abcd
C1 54.27±8.21abcdefg 106.13±16.17ab 16.70±2.74d 1.72±0.05abc 2863.54±83.81abc
C2 69.53±16.43a 108.20±6.98ab 17.02±0.24d 1.74±0.13ab 2907.41±214.25ab
C3 62.13±4.65ab 111.80±10.59a 17.67±0.49d 1.80±0.09a 2992.46±148.63a
C4 59.93±7.74abcd 103.27±6.66abc 16.54±1.10d 1.78±0.03a 2970.71±47.81a
GX7103 CK 38.07±3.29h 76.27±3.70fgh 15.62±0.67de 1.25±0.15g 2087.81±243.25g
C1 39.73±6.78gh 78.33±14.11efgh 16.68±0.18d 1.27±0.02g 2108.78±40.51g
C2 52.47±7.29bcdefgh 111.07±4.99a 16.86±0.34d 1.31±0.01efg 2187.13±22.58efg
C3 41.33±9.00fgh 90.87±5.43bcdef 17.15±0.57d 1.36±0.11defg 2264.10±189.44defg
C4 37.53±9.29h 77.00±14.99efgh 16.34±0.69de 1.31±0.08fg 2181.74±126.00fg
NXD38 CK 45.47±9.13cdefgh 68.73±5.89gh 21.33±0.63c 1.45±0.20bcdefg 2422.96±334.83bcdefg
C1 55.60±5.31abcdefg 83.67±13.96defg 23.88±1.43ab 1.58±0.21abcdef 2628.16±354.99abcdef
C2 61.27±5.88abc 98.53±4.89abcd 24.41±0.45a 1.62±0.09abcde 2696.66±152.03abcde
C3 64.07±4.20ab 86.53±13.67cdefg 24.77±0.64a 1.64±0.17abcd 2735.04±284.28abcd
C4 57.07±6.93abcdef 76.67±3.56fgh 21.69±0.42bc 1.62±0.08abcde 2693.61±129.64abcde
NXD40 CK 43.20±5.11efgh 62.60±9.48h 23.54±0.38abc 1.37±0.03defg 2291.28±48.53defg
C1 44.67±9.24defgh 68.27±5.72gh 24.12±1.30a 1.43±0.40cdefg 2381.98±673.33cdefg
C2 50.00±3.37bcdefgh 74.73±7.88fgh 24.65±2.75a 1.47±0.09bcdefg 2447.80±155.01bcdefg
C3 58.27±12.60abcde 89.87±5.81bcdef 25.73±1.64a 1.50±0.05abcdefg 2497.28±91.58abcdefg
C4 40.80±3.37gh 60.40±5.25h 24.87±1.13a 1.42±0.29cdefg 2363.59±477.16cdefg
品种 9.52** 22.58** 137.49** 15.49** 15.49**
浓度 5.28** 8.56** 6.04** 0.97 0.97
品种×浓度 0.70 1.13 0.64 0.05 0.05

Table 3

Correlation analysis of main agronomic traits in soybean"

性状
Trait		 株高
Plant
height		 主茎节数
Number
of main
stem nodes		 底荚高度
Bottom
pod
height		 有效分枝数
Effective
branch
number		 单株有效荚数
Number of
effective pods
per plant		 单株粒数
Seed
number
per plant		 百粒重
100-seed
weight		 粒长
Seed
length		 粒宽
Seed
width
主茎节数Number of main stem nodes 0.61**
底荚高度Bottom pod height 0.41** 0.12
有效分枝数Effective branch number 0.67** 0.45** 0.14
单株有效荚数Number of effective pods per plant -0.21 0.43** -0.37* 0.04
单株粒数Seed number per plant -0.53** 0.11 -0.36* -0.18 0.80**
百粒重100-seed weight 0.43** 0.25 0.44** 0.07 0.05 -0.18
粒长Seed length -0.30 -0.31* -0.05 -0.55** -0.07 -0.05 0.39*
粒宽Seed width -0.43** -0.37* -0.14 -0.55** 0.01 0.01 0.36* 0.93**
产量Yield -0.17 0.20 -0.18 -0.28 0.53** 0.48** 0.06 0.27 0.19
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