气象条件对优质再生稻米形成的影响

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.03.019

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to study the main meteorological factors affecting the quality of ratoon rice, a field experiment was carried out in Shakou Town, Honghu City, Hubei Province from 2016 to 2017 with ratoon rice varieties of Yongyou 4949, Xinliangyou 223 and Fengliangyouxiang 1, for comparing and analyzing the difference of rice quality and its correlation with meteorological factors in the main rice and ratoon rice. The results showed that there were significant differences in rice quality among different varieties of ratoon rice. Among the tested varieties, Yongyou 4949 was the best in terms of milling, appearance and cooking quality, and its whole milled rice rate was 68.5% in 2016 and 66.2% in 2017, which was significantly higher than other two varieties. The chalky grain rate, chalkiness degree and amylose content of Yongyou 4949 were the lowest, which were 2.5%, 1.4% and 17.4% in 2016, 2.9%, 1.6% and 16.5% in 2017, respectively. The nutritional quality of Fengliangyouxiang 1 was the best and its contents of albumin, globulin, gluten and total protein were the highest and significantly higher than Yongyou 4949. The total protein content of Fengliangyouxiang 1 reached 9.23g/100g in 2016 and 9.16g/100g in 2017. The milling quality of ratoon rice was significantly positively correlated with the daily minimum temperature (T_min), daily average temperature (T_mean), effective accumulated temperature (EAT) before the initial heading and during the filling stage of the main rice. The appearance, cooking and nutritional quality were significantly negatively correlated with the T_mean and EAT during the vegetative growth period of the main rice, and significantly positively correlated with the T_min before the initial heading and the T_min, maximum daily temperature and T_mean during the filling stage of the ratoon rice. The meteorological conditions of the vegetative growth stage of the main rice and the filling stage of the ratoon rice can significantly affect the quality of the rice, whereas, the temperature is the main meteorological factor affecting the quality of ratoon rice.

Key words: Ratoon rice, Rice quality character, Meteorological factor, Variety difference

Tian Yucong, Duan Menjun, Zhu Jie, Feng Xiangzhao, Gao Zhenzhen, Liu Zhangyong, Chen Fu, Jin Tao. Effects of Meteorological Conditions on Formation of High Quality Ratoon Rice[J].Crops, 2020, 36(3): 125-131.

Figures/Tables 5

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

The Pearson correlation coefficient between meteorological conditions and rice quality in the main rice"

品质指标 Quality index	播种-始穗Sowing-Initial heading							始穗-齐穗Initial heading-Full heading							齐穗-成熟 Full heading-Maturation
品质指标 Quality index	T_min	T_max	T_mean	EAT	降水量 Precipitation	日照时数 Sunshine duration	PAR	T_min	T_max	T_mean	EAT	降水量 Precipitation	日照时数 Sunshine duration	PAR	T_min	T_max	T_mean	EAT	降水量 Precipitation	日照时数 Sunshine duration	PAR
糙米率Brown rice rate	-0.197	-0.969^**	-0.428	-0.238	-0.945^**	-0.988^**	-0.984^**	0.270	0.386	0.321	-0.949^**	-0.263	-0.703	-0.767	-0.952^**	-0.951^**	-0.950^**	-0.789	-0.877^*	-0.886^*	-0.902^*
精米率Polished rice rate	-0.821^*	-0.472	-0.367	-0.596	-0.798	-0.634	-0.557	-0.266	0.062	-0.142	-0.714	-0.378	-0.742	-0.778	-0.752	-0.743	-0.751	-0.920^**	-0.824^*	-0.744	-0.778
整精米率Whole polished rice rate	-0.928^**	-0.189	-0.854^*	-0.957^**	-0.273	-0.010	-0.089	-0.485	-0.276	-0.443	-0.198	-0.687	-0.474	-0.461	-0.213	-0.204	-0.213	-0.547	-0.358	-0.253	-0.282
垩白粒率Chalky grain rate	-0.878^*	-0.155	-0.788	-0.872^*	-0.267	-0.037	-0.061	-0.351	0.063	0.246	-0.199	-0.511	0.369	-0.381	-0.194	-0.181	-0.192	-0.507	-0.392	-0.201	-0.242
垩白度Chalkiness degree	-0.639	-0.229	-0.358	-0.496	-0.479	-0.361	-0.293	0.194	-0.258	-0.046	-0.445	-0.194	0.376	-0.429	-0.424	-0.411	-0.420	-0.607	-0.566	-0.400	-0.442
长宽比Length-width ratio	-0.794	-0.531	-0.958^**	-0.979^**	-0.084	-0.350	-0.441	0.500	0.455	0.556	-0.182	-0.744	0.203	-0.159	-0.145	-0.152	-0.144	-0.209	-0.018	-0.089	-0.069
清蛋白含量Albumin content	-0.797	-0.536	-0.958^**	-0.962^**	-0.096	-0.354	-0.447	0.453	0.330	0.451	-0.170	-0.663	0.157	-0.128	-0.165	-0.173	-0.164	-0.196	-0.032	-0.122	-0.095
球蛋白含量Globulin content	-0.726	-0.574	-0.923^**	-0.913^*	-0.165	-0.407	-0.494	0.468	0.322	0.440	-0.215	-0.639	0.096	-0.067	-0.226	-0.235	-0.226	-0.129	-0.043	-0.177	-0.153
醇溶蛋白含量Gliadin content	-0.172	-0.523	-0.165	-0.023	-0.564	-0.546	-0.544	0.043	-0.108	-0.096	-0.491	-0.083	-0.522	-0.518	-0.577	-0.582	-0.580	-0.488	-0.477	-0.569	-0.564
谷蛋白含量Glutenin content	-0.744	-0.439	-0.854^*	-0.874^*	-0.040	-0.274	-0.359	0.471	0.262	0.401	-0.071	-0.611	0.195	-0.177	-0.095	-0.103	-0.095	-0.244	-0.066	-0.047	-0.023
总蛋白含量Total protein content	-0.739	-0.491	-0.882^*	-0.890^*	-0.088	-0.325	-0.411	0.465	0.276	0.409	-0.126	-0.617	0.154	-0.133	-0.146	-0.155	-0.147	-0.200	-0.027	-0.099	-0.074
直链淀粉含量Amylose content	-0.487	-0.827^*	-0.893^*	-0.826^*	-0.486	-0.707	-0.769	0.542	0.593	0.627	-0.543	-0.721	-0.114	-0.185	-0.522	-0.524	-0.519	-0.190	-0.406	-0.434	-0.434

Table 4

Table 5

The Pearson correlation coefficient between meteorological conditions and rice quality in the ratoon rice"

品质指标 Quality index	播种-始穗 Sowing-Initial heading							始穗-齐穗 Initial heading-Full heading							齐穗-成熟 Full heading-Maturation
品质指标 Quality index	T_min	T_max	T_mean	EAT	降水量 Precipitation	日照时数 Sunshine duration	PAR	T_min	T_max	T_mean	EAT	降水量 Precipitation	日照时数 Sunshine duration	PAR	T_min	T_max	T_mean	EAT	降水量 Precipitation	日照时数 Sunshine duration	PAR
糙米率Brown rice rate	-0.677	-0.994^**	-0.965^**	-0.570	-0.858^*	-0.975^**	-0.978^**	0.810	-0.928^**	-0.861^*	0.418	-0.820^*	0.539	0.569	-0.599	-0.725	-0.709	-0.534	-0.558	-0.935^**	-0.955^**
精米率Polished rice rate	-0.160	-0.556	-0.387	-0.989^**	-0.185	-0.704	-0.694	0.795	-0.611	-0.773	0.731	-0.547	0.793	0.759	-0.203	-0.057	-0.083	-0.956^**	-0.436	-0.708	-0.695
整精米率Whole polished rice rate	-0.723	-0.068	-0.256	-0.782	-0.437	-0.124	-0.106	0.426	-0.053	-0.320	0.643	-0.051	0.571	0.518	-0.740	-0.648	-0.669	-0.799	-0.117	-0.176	-0.146
垩白粒率Chalky grain rate	-0.623	-0.030	-0.198	-0.772	-0.434	-0.159	-0.144	-0.342	-0.001	-0.252	-0.525	-0.029	-0.412	-0.366	-0.607	-0.532	-0.554	-0.811	0.258	-0.240	-0.203
垩白度Chalkiness degree	-0.203	-0.296	-0.170	-0.771	-0.044	-0.443	-0.438	-0.407	-0.243	-0.405	-0.274	-0.195	-0.239	-0.195	-0.146	-0.063	-0.087	-0.802	0.425	-0.508	-0.487
长宽比Length-width ratio	-0.907^*	-0.415	-0.576	-0.488	-0.711	-0.243	-0.264	-0.127	-0.266	-0.006	-0.589	-0.241	-0.482	-0.438	-0.935^**	-0.895^*	-0.906^*	-0.498	-0.100	-0.195	-0.233
清蛋白含量Albumin content	-0.884^*	-0.414	-0.569	-0.507	-0.737	-0.234	-0.252	-0.079	-0.319	-0.049	-0.468	-0.301	-0.319	-0.272	-0.877^*	-0.844^*	-0.858^*	-0.547	-0.023	-0.156	-0.197
球蛋白含量Globulin content	-0.880^*	-0.467	-0.610	-0.438	-0.751	-0.292	-0.308	-0.006	-0.375	-0.112	-0.333	-0.342	-0.180	-0.126	-0.850^*	-0.828^*	-0.841^*	-0.491	-0.070	-0.209	-0.247
醇溶蛋白含量Gliadin content	-0.274	-0.540	-0.500	-0.312	-0.494	-0.518	-0.512	0.590	-0.633	-0.589	0.624	-0.582	0.778	0.806	-0.130	-0.221	-0.218	-0.214	-0.147	-0.427	-0.440
谷蛋白含量Glutenin content	-0.795	-0.337	-0.487	-0.524	-0.627	-0.161	-0.175	-0.112	-0.250	-0.009	-0.308	-0.221	-0.175	-0.115	-0.755	-0.714	-0.730	-0.582	-0.013	-0.079	-0.110
总蛋白含量Total protein content	-0.827^*	-0.386	-0.534	-0.493	-0.678	-0.210	-0.225	-0.069	-0.301	-0.040	-0.315	-0.272	-0.172	-0.115	-0.789	-0.756	-0.771	-0.550	-0.028	-0.126	-0.160
直链淀粉含量Amylose content	-0.985^**	-0.758	-0.867^*	-0.086	-0.880^*	-0.628	-0.644	0.234	-0.581	-0.359	-0.239	-0.497	-0.122	-0.071	-0.977^**	-0.997^**	-0.997^**	-0.109	-0.397	-0.585	-0.616

Table 5

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年份 Year	品种 Variety	有效积温(℃) Effective accumulated temperature		降水量(mm) Precipitation		日照时数(h) Sunshine duration		光合有效辐射(MJ/m²) Photosynthetically active radiation
年份 Year	品种 Variety	头季 Main rice	再生季 Ratoon rice	头季 Main rice	再生季 Ratoon rice	头季 Main rice	再生季 Ratoon rice	头季 Main rice	再生季 Ratoon rice
2016	甬优4949 Yongyou 4949	2 045.1	1 019.1	1 298.2	149.4	816.3	407.4	2 580.02	1 176.01
	新两优223 Xinliangyou 223	1 671.8	941.4	1 297.2	103.7	769.5	450.7	2 453.93	1 269.68
	丰两优香1号 Fengliangyouxiang 1	1 671.8	944.3	1 297.2	104.6	769.5	450.7	2 453.93	1 273.08
2017	甬优4949 Yongyou 4949	2 141.9	932.5	984.9	192.0	923.5	290.0	2 853.10	896.25
	新两优223 Xinliangyou 223	1 785.0	817.0	980.6	196.3	898.2	268.0	2 776.92	869.82
	丰两优香1号 Fengliangyouxiang 1	1 785.0	817.0	980.6	196.3	898.2	268.0	2 776.92	869.82

年份 Year	品种 Variety	糙米率(%) Brown rice rate	精米率(%) Polished rice rate	整精米率(%) Whole polished rice rate	垩白粒率(%) Chalky grain rate	垩白度(%) Chalkiness degree	长宽比 Length-width ratio
2016	甬优4949 Yongyou 4949	79.5±0.3a	69.7±0.2a	68.5±0.3a	2.5±0.1b	1.4±0.2a	2.1±0.1c
	新两优223 Xinliangyou 223	80.5±0.1a	68.7±0.1b	62.2±0.5b	4.7±1.0ab	1.1±0.2a	2.9±0.1a
	丰两优香1号 Fengliangyouxiang 1	80.9±2.2a	67.7±0.6c	60.2±1.2c	7.4±2.2a	2.3±1.1a	2.8±0.1b
2017	甬优4949 Yongyou 4949	76.8±0.6a	67.6±0.6a	66.2±0.8a	2.9±0.2b	1.6±0.3a	2.1±0.1b
	新两优223 Xinliangyou 223	77.7±0.4a	65.9±0.2b	60.0±0.6b	7.0±0.9a	2.1±0.2a	2.8±0.1a
	丰两优香1号 Fengliangyouxiang 1	77.7±1.0a	66.4±0.9ab	58.9±1.2b	8.5±1.4a	2.6±0.9a	2.7±0.1a

年份 Year	品种 Variety	直链淀粉(%) Amylose	清蛋白(g/100g) Albumin	球蛋白(g/100g) Globulin	醇溶蛋白(g/100g) Gliadin	谷蛋白(g/100g) Glutenin	总蛋白(g/100g) Total protein
2016	甬优4949 Yongyou 4949	17.4±0.6b	0.75±0.10b	0.47±0.06b	0.46±0.03a	6.45±0.25b	8.13±0.20b
	新两优223 Xinliangyou 223	20.7±0.8a	0.91±0.09ab	0.57±0.01ab	0.43±0.02a	6.85±0.04ab	8.76±0.08a
	丰两优香1号 Fengliangyouxiang 1	20.4±0.9a	0.95±0.02a	0.62±0.06a	0.47±0.01a	7.20±0.51a	9.23±0.45a
2017	甬优4949 Yongyou 4949	16.5±0.9b	0.73±0.09b	0.45±0.06b	0.43±0.04a	6.42±0.25b	8.02±0.20b
	新两优223 Xinliangyou 223	18.8±0.5a	0.90±0.10a	0.55±0.02ab	0.42±0.01a	6.83±0.04ab	8.70±0.09a
	丰两优香1号 Fengliangyouxiang 1	18.6±1.0a	0.93±0.03a	0.60±0.07a	0.45±0.01a	7.18±0.51a	9.16±0.44a

Effects of Meteorological Conditions on Formation of High Quality Ratoon Rice

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