Crops ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 132-136.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.03.020

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Effects of Different Ratio of Organic Fertilizer Nitrogen to Fertilizer Nitrogen on the Absorption Capacity and Morphology of Potato Roots

He Wanchun, Huang Kai, Ling Peng, Chen Zixiong, Wang Jingcai, Pan Xiaochun, Zhang Juanning, Li Pengcheng()   

  1. Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dingxi 743000, Gansu, China
  • Received:2019-09-23 Revised:2019-12-30 Online:2020-06-15 Published:2020-06-10
  • Contact: Pengcheng Li E-mail:714631793@qq.com

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Abstract:

Focusing on the problems of long-term large-scale application of chemical fertilizers in potato production in Dingxi region, which caused potato yield reduction, quality decline and environmental pollution, the effects of different ratio of organic nitrogen fertilizer to chemical nitrogen fertilizer on the root absorption capacity and morphology of potato mulching in dryland were studied through field experiments. The results showed that different ratio of organic nitrogen fertilizer to chemical nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased potato root activity, active absorption area & total absorption area and gradually increased with the increase of substitution ratio reaching the maximum value when the ratio of organic nitrogen fertilizer to chemical nitrogen fertilizer reached 30%, and then decreased; different ratios of organic nitrogen fertilizer to chemical fertilizer nitrogen had significant effects on the total root length, root volume, the number of root tips and main root diameter of potato, especially increasing the total root length of potato within the diameter ranges of 0-0.50, 0.51-1.00 and 1.01-1.50mm; the application of organic fertilizer significantly increased the tuber yield of potato. Compared with the pure fertilizer treatment, the tuber yield of treatment increased by 11.32%, 16.04%, 23.53% and 12.69%. To sum up, in Dingxi area, the nitrogen application amount is 180kg/ha, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 4:3:3 (N:P2O5:K2O), and the ratio of organic fertilizer nitrogen to fertilizer nitrogen is 30%.

Key words: Organic fertilizer, Potato, Root morphology, Absorption capacity

Table 1

Effects of different treatments on root absorptive capacity of potato"

处理
Treatment		 根系活力
Activity of root
[μg/(g·h) FW]		 根系活跃吸收面积
Root active
absorbing area (m2)		 根系总吸收面积
Total root
absorbing area (m2)
T1 136.62d 0.51d 1.03d
T2 197.34c 0.72c 1.54cd
T3 231.28b 0.98bc 1.98c
T4 254.76b 1.13b 2.41b
T5 290.13a 1.52a 2.87a
T6 241.56b 1.11b 2.12bc

Table 2

Effects of different treatments on root morphological indexes of potato"

处理Treatment 总根长Total root length (cm) 根体积Root volume (cm3) 总根尖数Number of root tips 主根直径Root diameter (mm)
T1 364.25c 6.35c 913.45c 0.93c
T2 423.31b 8.61b 1 234.79b 1.25b
T3 467.68ab 10.32ab 1 365.58b 1.39ab
T4 497.57a 11.68ab 1 567.34ab 1.47ab
T5 531.79a 13.46a 1 769.35a 1.62a
T6 454.88ab 10.58ab 1 425.61b 1.45ab

Table 3

Effects of different treatments on root diameter of potato"

处理
Treatment		 根直径Root diameter (mm)
0~0.50 0.51~1.00 1.01~1.50 1.51~2.00 2.01~2.50 2.51~3.00 3.01~3.50 3.51~4.00 4.01~4.50 >4.50
T1 183.45c 60.15c 34.68c 23.24b 16.11b 13.31a 11.56b 6.03a 6.08a 16.64b
T2 218.44bc 67.48bc 38.69bc 25.63ab 18.64ab 13.28a 12.35ab 7.12a 6.97a 18.71ab
T3 250.96ab 71.46ab 40.35b 27.68ab 19.35ab 13.34a 12.35ab 7.68a 5.23a 19.28ab
T4 263.36a 75.89ab 43.68ab 29.31a 21.36ab 15.65a 13.67ab 8.17a 6.36a 20.12ab
T5 274.60a 80.06a 51.06a 31.25a 23.45a 15.62a 15.86a 8.68a 7.69a 21.52a
T6 232.49b 72.34ab 41.35b 28.64ab 20.06ab 14.71a 13.01ab 7.64a 5.26a 19.38ab

Fig.1

Effects of different treatments on tuber yield of potato Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level"

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