Crops ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 184-189.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.01.028

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Effects of Topping Method on Nitrogen Accumulation and Quality of Cigar Tobacco Leaves

Zhang Siwei1(), Li Jin’ao1,2, Liu Boyuan1, Jiang Yuchen1, Zhong Qiu3, Lei Yunkang3, Zhang Mingyue1, Zhao Mingqin1()   

  1. 1Tobacco College of Henan Agricultural University/Flavors, Fragrance and Flavoring Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan; China
    2Kunming Cigarette Factory of Hongyun Honghe Group, Kunming 650000, Yunnan, China
    3Deyang Branch of Sichuan Tobacco Company, Deyang 618400, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2021-04-11 Revised:2021-06-17 Online:2022-02-15 Published:2022-02-16
  • Contact: Zhao Mingqin E-mail:siwei823@163.com;zhaomingqin@126.com

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Abstract:

In order to explore the influence of different topping methods on the nitrogen accumulation during the growth of cigar tobacco, using Dexue 3 as the test material. The effects of three topping methods, budding topping (T1), first-flower topping (T2) and full-flower topping (T3) on the key enzyme activities, amino acid, nicotine contents and chemical composition of cigar tobacco leaf nitrogen metabolism were studied. The results showed that during the growth and development of tobacco leaves after topping, T2 treatment could significantly increase the nitrate reductase and glutamate synthetase activities of tobacco leaves at the early stage and Glutamine synthetase activity changed little. With the extension of the topping time, the total nitrogen and protein contents of the tobacco leaves gradually decreased, the nicotine content gradually increased, and the amino acid content first increased and then decreased after topping. With the delay of topping time, the total nitrogen and nicotine contents of the tobacco leaves increased first and then decreased, and the protein content decreased. The protein content of tobacco leaves of T2 treatment was the lowest after conditioning, the potassium-chloride ratio was the highest, the sugar-nicotine ratio and the nitrogen-nicotine ratio were lower than the other treatments. The chemical composition of T2 treatment was more harmonious and the sensory evaluation was better than the other treatments. Therefore, the first-flower topping could improve the nitrogen metabolism capacity, the chemical quality in Shifang, Sichuan.

Key words: Topping method, Cigar tobacco leaf, Nitrogen metabolism enzyme activity, Nicotine accumulation, Chemical composition

Fig.1

The effects of different treatments on the activities of NR, GS, and GOGAT in cigar tobacco leaves Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P < 0.05). The same below"

Fig.2

The effects of different treatments on the contents of total nitrogen, amino acid, protein and nicotine in cigar tobacco leaves"

Table 1

Effects of different treatments on the conventional chemical composition of cigar tobacco"

处理
Treatment		 总糖
Total
sugar
(%)		 还原糖
Reducing
sugar
(%)		 淀粉
Starch
(%)		 总氮
Total
nitrogen
(%)		 蛋白质
Protein
(%)		 钾
Potassium
(%)		 氯
Chlorine
(%)		 烟碱
Nicontine
(%)		 糖碱比
Sugar-
nicotine
ratio		 钾氯比
Potassiun-
chlorine
ratio		 氮碱比
Nitrogen-
nicotine
ratio
T1 0.56a 0.26a 1.58b 3.47a 8.88a 2.04a 0.46a 1.51b 0.37a 4.43ab 2.30a
T2 0.53a 0.25a 1.92a 3.00ab 7.19b 2.01a 0.40b 2.75a 0.19b 5.03a 1.09b
T3 0.45b 0.23b 1.83ab 2.75ab 7.13b 2.03a 0.47a 2.51ab 0.18b 4.32ab 1.10b

Table 2

Effects of different treatments on the sensory quality of cigar leaves"

处理
Treatment		 香气质
Aroma
quality		 香气量
Aroma
volume		 劲头
Momentum		 浓度
Concentration		 刺激性
Thrill		 杂气
Mixed gas		 余味
Aftertaste		 甜度
Sweetness		 灰色
Ash		 燃烧性
Combustibility		 总分
Total
score
T1 6.0 5.8 5.7 5.8 5.6 5.2 5.9 5.5 6.0 6.5 58.0
T2 6.1 6.0 5.9 6.0 5.5 5.0 6.0 6.0 6.5 6.5 59.5
T3 6.0 5.9 5.8 5.8 5.5 5.0 5.8 5.7 6.3 6.3 58.1
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