缓释尿素配施黄腐酸对隆子黑青稞发育及籽粒灌浆特性的影响

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.04.030

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to provide theoretical basis for the high-yield cultivation of Longzi black highland barley, we studied the effects of different slow-release urea combined with fulvic acid on the growth and grain filling characteristics of Longzi black highland barley. The dynamic changes of grain phenotype and grain color in filling period of Longzi black highland barley were analyzed by using random block design and artificial measurement combined with computer image recognition technology. The results showed that the surface area, length and width of the grain of Longzi black highland barley could be increased by the treatment of each slow-release urea combined with fulvic acid, so as to increase the grain weight and the 1000-grain weight. The color change of the seeds was mainly at 14 d after anthesis, when the seeds began coloring, and the color deepened with the progress of filling. At 28 d after anthesis, the seed embryos began coloring, until the maturity stage, the whole seeds were colored, and the color reached the deepest. The maximum filling rate (R_max), the gradual filling rate (R₁) and the rapid filling rate (R₂) were positively correlated with the 1000-grain weight. There was a significant positive correlation between filling rate (R₃) and 1000-grain weight at slow growth stage. Increasing filling rate and extending filling duration was an effective measure to increase the yield of black highland barley. Slow-release urea combined with fulvic acid improved the grain filling capacity and 1000-grain weight of black barley.

Key words: Slow-release urea, Fulvic acid, Longzi black highland barley, Grain filling characteristics

Zhou Xin, Zhu Dingying, Zhao Xianglong, Chen Gongxi, Wang Jianlin. Effects of Slow-Release Urea Combined with Fulvic Acid on the Development and Grain Filling Characteristics of Longzi Black Highland Barley[J].Crops, 2024, 40(4): 232-239.

Figures/Tables 9

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References 42

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处理 Treatment	配施比例 Application ratio	氮肥用量 Nitrogen fertilizer dosage	黄腐酸用量 Fulvic acid dosage
CK	不施尿素	0	0
N1	100%常规施氮	135	0
N2	80%常规施氮	108	0
N3	100%缓释尿素	135	0
N4	80%缓释尿素	108	0
N5	100%常规施氮+黄腐酸	135	45
N6	80%常规施氮+黄腐酸	108	45
N7	100%缓释尿素+黄腐酸	135	45
N8	80%缓释尿素+黄腐酸	108	45

处理Treatment	籽粒面积Grain area (mm²)	粒长Grain length (mm)	粒宽Grain width (mm)	千粒重1000-grain weight (g)
CK	7.51±0.04i	5.63±0.42i	1.89±0.10i	3.52±0.41bc
N1	10.10±0.21c	6.72±0.35d	2.11±0.08c	4.14±0.12ab
N2	8.78±0.75g	6.37±0.81g	1.90±0.28h	3.32±0.51c
N3	8.96±1.01f	6.57±0.25e	1.92±0.06g	3.83±0.37bc
N4	8.07±0.52h	5.99±0.56h	1.98±0.25d	3.56±0.25bc
N5	9.17±0.21e	6.55±0.31f	1.97±0.23e	4.21±0.55ab
N6	9.45±0.55d	6.77±0.30c	1.95±0.05f	4.03±0.26bc
N7	11.87±0.35a	7.02±0.70a	2.33±0.30a	4.84±0.77a
N8	10.24±0.28b	6.84±0.09b	2.21±0.23b	4.15±0.39ab

性状Trait	千粒重1000-grain weight	籽粒面积Grain area	粒长Grain length	粒宽Grain width	长宽比Length-width ratio
千粒重1000-grain weight	1.00	0.89^**	0.78^**	0.83^**	0.42
籽粒面积Grain area	0.89^**	1.00	0.90^**	0.89^**	0.47
粒长Grain length	0.78^**	0.90^**	1.00	0.68^*	0.74^*
粒宽Grain width	0.83^**	0.89^**	0.68^*	1.00	0.06
长宽比Length-width ratio	0.42	0.47	0.74^*	0.06	1.00

处理 Treatment	模拟方程 Simulation equation	方程决定系数 Equation determination coefficient
处理 Treatment	模拟方程 Simulation equation	Logistic R_L²	MMF R_M²	Cubic R_C²
CK	Y=39.08/(1+47.56e^-0.22^T)	0.999	0.997	0.994
N1	Y=41.50/(1+42.60e^-0.21^T)	0.999	0.998	0.995
N2	Y=40.22/(1+41.97e^-0.21^T)	0.995	0.998	0.994
N3	Y=42.64/(1+44.40e^-0.22^T)	0.995	0.996	0.990
N4	Y=42.03/(1+42.80e^-0.21^T)	0.995	0.996	0.992
N5	Y=42.99/(1+47.69e^-0.22^T)	0.995	0.995	0.998
N6	Y=42.36/(1+43.50e^-0.21^T)	0.995	0.995	0.990
N7	Y=44.48/(1+51.04e^-0.23^T)	0.995	0.994	0.986
N8	Y=44.02/(1+48.01e^-0.22^T)	0.995	0.995	0.989

处理 Treatment	模拟方程 Simulation equation	理论千粒重 Theoretical 1000-grain weight (g)	实际千粒重 Actual 1000-grain weight (g)	决定系数 Decision coefficient
CK	Y=39.08/(1+47.56e^-0.22^T)	39.08	39.17	0.999
N1	Y=41.50/(1+42.60e^-0.21^T)	41.50	41.36	0.999
N2	Y=40.22/(1+41.97e^-0.21^T)	40.22	40.38	0.995
N3	Y=42.64/(1+44.40e^-0.22^T)	42.65	43.06	0.995
N4	Y=42.03/(1+42.80e^-0.21^T)	42.03	42.20	0.995
N5	Y=42.99/(1+47.69e^-0.22^T)	42.99	43.42	0.995
N6	Y=42.36/(1+43.50e^-0.21^T)	42.36	42.64	0.995
N7	Y=44.48/(1+51.04e^-0.23^T)	44.68	45.30	0.995
N8	Y=44.02/(1+48.01e^-0.22^T)	44.02	44.47	0.995

Effects of Slow-Release Urea Combined with Fulvic Acid on the Development and Grain Filling Characteristics of Longzi Black Highland Barley

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处理 Treatment	R_max [g/(1000-grain·d)]	T_max (d)	T₁ (d)	T₂ (d)	T₃ d)	T_a (d)	T_b (d)	T_c (d)	R₁ [g/(1000-grain·d)]	R₂ [g/(1000-grain·d)]	R₃ [g/(1000-grain·d)]
CK	2.13	17.69	11.65	23.72	38.73	11.65	12.06	15.01	0.71	1.89	0.51
N1	2.22	17.52	11.37	23.67	38.97	11.37	12.30	15.31	0.77	2.02	0.49
N2	2.10	17.91	11.60	24.22	39.92	11.60	12.62	15.71	0.73	1.97	0.42
N3	2.31	17.53	11.44	23.61	38.76	11.44	12.17	15.15	0.79	2.07	0.53
N4	2.21	17.89	11.62	24.16	39.78	11.62	12.54	15.61	0.76	2.06	0.45
N5	2.39	17.35	11.44	23.26	37.97	11.43	11.82	14.71	0.79	2.06	0.62
N6	2.22	18.02	11.73	24.32	39.98	11.73	12.58	15.66	0.76	2.09	0.45
N7	2.55	17.23	11.46	23.00	37.36	11.46	11.54	14.36	0.82	2.11	0.72
N8	2.38	17.92	11.83	24.02	39.20	11.83	12.19	15.18	0.79	2.14	0.54

指标Index	Y	R_max	T_max	T₁	T₂	T₃	T_a	T_b	T_c	R₁	R₂	R₃
Y		0.92^**	-0.35	-0.03	-0.42	-0.47	-0.03	-0.50	-0.50	0.95^**	0.94^**	0.68^*
R_max	0.92^**		-0.65^*	-0.23	-0.73^*	-0.77^**	-0.23	-0.80^**	-0.80^**	0.93^**	0.75^*	0.91^**
T_max	-0.35	-0.65^*		0.81^**	0.98^**	0.94^**	0.81^**	0.87^**	0.87^**	-0.56	-0.09	-0.83^**
T₁	-0.03	-0.23	0.81^**		0.68^*	0.55	1.00^**	0.41	0.41	-0.33	0.10	-0.38
T₂	-0.42	-0.73^*	0.98^**	0.68^*		0.99^**	0.68^*	0.95^**	0.95^**	-0.59	-0.13	-0.91^**
T₃	-0.47	-0.77^**	0.94^**	0.55	0.99^**		0.55	0.99^**	0.99^**	-0.59	-0.17	-0.95^**
T_a	-0.03	-0.23	0.81^**	1.00^**	0.68^*	0.55		0.41	0.41	-0.33	0.10	-0.38
T_b	-0.50	-0.80^**	0.87^**	0.41	0.95^**	0.99^**	0.41		1.00^**	-0.58	-0.20	-0.97^**
T_c	-0.50	-0.80^**	0.87^**	0.41	0.95^**	0.99^**	0.41	1.00^**		-0.58	-0.20	-0.97^**
R₁	0.95^**	0.93^**	-0.56	-0.33	-0.59	-0.59	-0.33	-0.58	-0.58		0.87^**	0.73^*
R₂	0.94^**	0.75^*	-0.09	0.10	-0.13	-0.17	0.10	-0.20	-0.20	0.87^**		0.40
R₃	0.68^*	0.91^**	-0.83^**	-0.38	-0.91^**	-0.95^**	-0.38	-0.97^**	-0.97^**	0.73^*	0.40

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