Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 29-40.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.04.004

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Genetic Diversity Analysis of Potato Germplasm Resources Based on SSR Technology

Wang Dan1(), Zhang Zhicheng2,3(), Han Haixia1, Han Na1, Wang Chunyong4, Wang Zheng1, Pan Mengyang1, Li Qiang5, Wang Yiqian2, Liu Yufei2, Zhang Dan2   

  1. 1Jining Normal University, Ulanqab 012000, Inner Mongolia, China
    2Ulanqab Institute of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Ulanqab 012000, Inner Mongolia, China
    3Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia, China
    4Tangshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tangshan 063000, Hebei, China
    5Ulanqab Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Detachment, Ulanqab 012000, Inner Mongolia, China
  • Received:2024-05-31 Revised:2024-08-21 Online:2025-08-15 Published:2025-08-12

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Abstract:

To clarify the genetic relationship of potato germplasm resources, SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 63 potato germplasm resources. The results showed that 164 polymorphic bands were amplified, including 145 polymorphic loci, the average number of bands was 5.13. The number of effective alleles, Nei’s genetic diversity index and Shannon index were 1.7139, 0.3927 and 0.5632, respectively, and the genetic distance ranged from 0.12 to 0.71. The tested materials could be divided into five groups at the genetic distance value of 0.180, and the clustering results were highly consistent with their geographical origins. The results of PCA for 63 germplasm resources showed that the total variation of the three principal components was 45.04%, and were consistent with the clustering results. DNA fingerprints of 63 germplasm resources were constructed using SSR primers STL001, S192 and S118, and QR code molecular identity cards were established. This research lays a foundation for potato resource utilization and variety improvement.

Key words: Potato, Germplasm resources, SSR molecular marker, Genetic diversity, Molecular ID card

Table 1

Potato varieties (lines) in the experiment"

编号
Number		 品种（系）
Variety (line)		 编号
Number		 品种（系）
Variety (line)		 编号
Number		 品种（系）
Variety (line)		 编号
Number		 品种（系）
Variety (line)		 编号
Number		 品种（系）
Variety (line)
ZY001 YSZ-1 ZY014 YS165 ZY027 晋薯16号 ZY040 青薯168 ZY053 东农310
ZY002 YSZ-2 ZY015 Agria ZY028 同薯24号 ZY041 陇薯7号 ZY054 Jardinor
ZY003 Russet Burbank ZY016 大同里外黄 ZY029 鄂马铃薯16号 ZY042 高原7号 ZY055 丽薯15号
ZY004 中加1号 ZY017 YS177 ZY030 YS179 ZY043 Favorita ZY056 YS189
ZY005 内农薯2号 ZY018 后旗红 ZY031 晋薯26号 ZY044 希森6号 ZY057 YS195
ZY006 YS152 ZY019 鄂马铃薯14号 ZY032 青薯9号 ZY045 中薯早35 ZY058 早大白
ZY007 冀张薯8号 ZY020 民丰红 ZY033 YS178 ZY046 希森8号 ZY059 尤金
ZY008 YS098 ZY021 冀张薯15号 ZY034 同薯20号 ZY047 陇薯9号 ZY060 内农薯1号
ZY009 同薯28号 ZY022 华渝8号 ZY035 中薯3号 ZY048 京张薯1号 ZY061 冀张薯14号
ZY010 康尼贝克 ZY023 云薯304 ZY036 北方001 ZY049 兴佳2号 ZY062 克新27号
ZY011 华渝5号 ZY024 郑薯5号 ZY037 LK99 ZY050 龙薯7号 ZY063 克新25号
ZY012 Mira ZY025 中薯5号 ZY038 甘农薯7号 ZY051 北方002
ZY013 YSZ-3 ZY026 冀张薯12号 ZY039 中加2号 ZY052 京张薯3号

Table 2

Sequence of SSR primers"

引物名称Primer name 正向引物Forward primer(5’-3) 反向引物Reversed primer(5’-3’)
C3 CCGGGAGAATTAGACGATGA TTTATGGGGAGCAGTTGAGG
C32 CCCCTTACCCCTCTTCAATC AACCCGTGTCAACTTCTGCT
C55 ACTGCTGTGGTTGGCGTC ACGGCATAGATTTGGAAGCATC
C57 GACTGGCTGACCCTGAACTC GACAAAATTACAGGAACTGCAAA
C59 TCATCACAACGTGACCCCA GGGCTTGAATGATGTGAAGCTC
C61 CGCAAATCTTCATCCGATTC TCCGGCGGATAATACTTGTT
S25 GCGAATGACAGGACAAGAGG TGCCACTGCTACCATAACCA
S007 GACTGGCTGACCCTGAACTC GACAAAATTACAGGAACTGCAAA
S118 AGAGATCGATGTAAAACACGT GTGGCATTTTGATGGATT
S122 GACACGTTCACCATAAAA AGAAGAATAGCAAAGCAA
S148 CAGCAAAATCAGAACCCGAT GGATCATCAAATTCACCGCT
S151 GCTGCTAAACACTCAAGCAGAA CAACTACAAGATTCCATCCACAG
S153 TATGTTCCACGCCATTTCAG ACGGAAACTCATCGTGCATT
S168 CTGCCGCAAAAAGTGAAAAC TGAATGTAGGCCAAATTTTGAA
S170 CGCAAATCTTCATCCGATTC TCCGGCGGATAATACTTGTT
S174 TGAGGGTTTTCAGAAAGGGA CATCCTTGCAACAACCTCCT
S184 TCATCACAACGTGACCCCA GGGCTTGAATGATGTGAAGCTC
S189 CCTTGTAGTACAGCAGTGGTC TCCGCCAAGACTGATGCA
S192 AATTCATGTTTGCGGTACGTC ATGCAGAAAGATGTCAAAATTGA
STI005 CGCAAATCTTCATCCGATTC TCCGGCGGATAATACTTGTT
STI027 ACTGCTGTGGTTGGCGTC ACGGCATAGATTTGGAAGCATC
STI049 TCATCACAACGTGACCCC CGGGCTTGAATGATGTGAAGCT
STACC ACAGGAATCACACCTGCACA TTCAACATCCGCCTGTCATA
STGBSS AATCGGTGATAAATGTGAATGC ATGCTTGCCATGTGATGTGT
STL001 CAGCAAATCAGAACCCGAT GGATCATCAAATTCACCGCT
STL002 ACAGGAATCACACCTGCACA TTCAACATCCGCCTGTGATA
STM0030 AGAGATCGATGTAAAACACGT GTGGCATTTTGATGGATT
STM1031 GTGGTTTGTTTTTCTGTAT AATTCTATCCTCATCTCTA
STM1058 ACAATTTAATTCAAGAAGCTAGG CCAAATTTGTATACTTCAATCTGA
STM1064 GTTCTTTTGGTGGTTTTCCT TTATTTCTCTGTTGTTGCTG
STM1104 TGATTCTCTTGCCTACTGTAATCG GAAAGTGGTGTGAAGCTGTGA
STM2030 TCTTCCCAAATCTAGAATACATGC AAAGTTAGCATGGACAGCATTTC

Table 3

SSR-PCR reaction system"

编号
Number		 体系组分
System component		 浓度
Concentration		 用量
Dosage (μL)
1 ddH2O － 14.1
2 10×Buffer (Mg2+) 50 μmol/L 2.0
3 dNTPs 2.5 mmol/L 1.6
4 Taq DNA聚合酶 5 U/μL 0.1
5 正向引物 50 μmol/L 0.6
6 反向引物 50 μmol/L 0.6
7 DNA模板 50 ng/μL 1.0
8 总体积 － 20.0

Fig.1

Genomic DNA purity test of 63 potato materials M: DL2000 DNA marker, 1-63 indicate variety ZY001-ZY063, the same below."

Fig.2

Amplification results of S118 primer for 63 potato varieties (lines)"

Table 4

Genetic diversity analysis of potato materials based on 32 pairs of SSR primers"

引物
Primer		 退火温度
Tm (℃)		 多态性条带数
NBP		 总条带数
Total bands		 多态条带比率
PPB (%)		 有效等位基因
Ne		 Nei’s遗传多样性指数
H		 Shannon指数
I		 多态信息含量
PIC
C3 56 3 4 75.00 1.6965 0.3607 0.5054 0.8108
C32 55 2 2 100.00 1.8985 0.4718 0.6645 0.6712
C55 55 3 3 100.00 1.7493 0.4229 0.6128 0.7951
C57 54 2 2 100.00 1.8438 0.4573 0.6498 0.5318
C59 53 3 4 75.00 1.5632 0.3200 0.4631 0.7484
C61 57 4 5 80.00 1.6947 0.3715 0.5256 0.8381
S25 55 7 9 77.78 1.7241 0.3744 0.5245 0.9198
S7 60 2 2 100.00 1.8331 0.4500 0.6413 0.6683
S118 58 8 10 80.00 1.5121 0.3275 0.4668 0.9248
S122 50 3 3 100.00 1.5146 0.3379 0.5202 0.6927
S148 53 3 4 75.00 1.5926 0.3307 0.4745 0.8231
S151 56 3 3 100.00 1.5545 0.3494 0.5310 0.7959
S153 53 7 8 87.50 1.8486 0.4306 0.5996 0.9085
S168 53 2 2 100.00 1.8504 0.4579 0.6501 0.4778
S170 53 7 8 87.50 1.7930 0.4144 0.5828 0.9142
S174 52 3 3 100.00 1.8569 0.4585 0.6503 0.7954
S184 53 4 5 80.00 1.7028 0.3730 0.5269 0.8500
S189 53 4 4 100.00 1.8574 0.4733 0.6661 0.8483
S192 54 6 7 85.71 1.6462 0.3635 0.5261 0.9084
STI005 56 6 7 85.71 1.7180 0.3878 0.5521 0.9033
STI027 55 5 6 83.33 1.5798 0.3330 0.4883 0.8766
STI049 53 3 3 100.00 1.9212 0.4790 0.6719 0.7895
STACC 55 4 4 100.00 1.4989 0.3322 0.5141 0.8521
STGBSS 54 3 3 100.00 1.4977 0.3304 0.5117 0.7962
STL001 56 6 7 85.71 1.6921 0.3778 0.5410 0.8971
STL002 55 3 4 75.00 1.6706 0.3527 0.4971 0.7754
STM0030 52 11 12 91.67 1.7709 0.4142 0.5893 0.9367
STM1031 50 5 5 100.00 1.7607 0.4217 0.6097 0.8660
STM1058 51 4 4 100.00 1.9674 0.4914 0.6845 0.8102
STM1064 56 6 7 85.71 1.6896 0.3702 0.5304 0.8880
STM1104 57 5 5 100.00 1.5269 0.3082 0.4562 0.8210
STM2030 55 8 9 88.89 1.8170 0.4234 0.5945 0.9262

Table 5

Genetic distance of 63 potato varieties (lines)"

遗传距离区间
Genetic distance
interval		 平均遗传距离
Mean genetic
distance		 品种间最大遗传距离相似系数
Similarity coefficient of maximum
genetic distance between varieties		 品种间最小遗传距离相似系数
Similarity coefficient of minimum
genetic distance between varieties
0.12~0.71 0.297 0.500 0.810

Fig.3

Cluster diagram of 63 potato germplasm resources"

Fig.4

Principle component analysis of genetic diversity of 63 potato germplasm resources"

Table 6

SSR fingerprint spectrum spectrum of 63 potato varieties (lines)"

编号
Number		 品种（系）
Variety (line)		 指纹Fingerprint 编号
Number		 品种（系）
Variety (line)		 指纹Fingerprint
STL001 S192 S118 STL001 S192 S118
ZY001 YSZ-1 1010001 0000001 1101111111 ZY009 同薯28号 1011111 0111011 1111111111
ZY002 YSZ-2 1110001 1111111 1101100111 ZY010 康尼贝克 1111011 0111011 1110111111
ZY003 Russet Burbank 1011001 1011101 1111111111 ZY011 华渝5号 1111001 1111101 1001100111
ZY004 中加1号 1111001 0000001 1110111111 ZY012 Mira 1111001 1000111 1111111111
ZY005 内农薯2号 1011001 0110011 1111111101 ZY013 YSZ-3 1010011 0110001 1100100111
ZY006 YS152 1011111 0000111 0111111111 ZY014 YS165 1001011 0000101 1101100111
ZY007 冀张薯8号 1110001 1110111 1101100011 ZY015 Agria 0111001 0011001 1111111111
ZY008 YS098 1110001 0010111 1101101001 ZY016 大同里外黄 1110011 1011101 1111111111
ZY017 YS177 1111011 0010111 1111111111 ZY041 陇薯7号 1111101 0101111 1101100101
ZY018 后旗红 1111001 1110111 1101111111 ZY042 高原7号 1011101 0100111 1111111111
ZY019 鄂马铃薯14号 1110001 1010111 1101111111 ZY043 Favorita 1111111 0100111 1111111111
ZY020 民丰红 1000001 0000001 1111111111 ZY044 希森6号 1111111 0110111 1110111011
ZY021 冀张薯15号 1110111 0110111 1101100011 ZY045 中薯早35 1111111 1110111 1101100011
ZY022 华渝8号 1111011 0000101 1111111111 ZY046 希森8号 1011111 1100111 1110111011
ZY023 云薯304 0000001 0111011 1111111001 ZY047 陇薯9号 0101101 0100011 1101100011
ZY024 郑薯5号 1111111 0111011 1111111001 ZY048 京张薯1号 1111101 1100111 1101100011
ZY025 中薯5号 1111001 1000111 1111111011 ZY049 兴佳2号 1011111 0111101 0000111001
ZY026 冀张薯12号 1111001 0011111 1101100111 ZY050 龙薯7号 1100101 0111111 1111110001
ZY027 晋薯16号 1110001 1010001 1111111111 ZY051 北方002 1111011 0110111 1111100001
ZY028 同薯24号 1111111 1011011 1101111111 ZY052 京张薯3号 1111101 1111111 0000100001
ZY029 鄂马铃薯16号 1111011 1000111 1111111111 ZY053 东农310 1111101 0111011 1110110001
ZY030 YS179 0000001 0000011 1100111111 ZY054 Jardinor 1011111 0000001 1101101111
ZY031 晋薯26号 0001111 1011111 1110111101 ZY055 丽薯15号 1111001 1111011 1101100011
ZY032 青薯9号 1111101 1000001 1101110101 ZY056 YS189 1101101 0010001 1111100001
ZY033 YS178 0000001 0000111 1101100111 ZY057 YS195 0111011 0000001 1111101111
ZY034 同薯20号 1110001 1100011 1111111111 ZY058 早大白 1011111 1111111 1101111111
ZY035 中薯3号 1111111 1111011 1110111011 ZY059 尤金 1011101 0110111 1100110011
ZY036 北方001 0100001 0110111 1101100111 ZY060 内农薯1号 1101001 0000001 1111111101
ZY037 LK99 1010001 1011001 0000100001 ZY061 冀张薯14号 1111001 1111111 1101100001
ZY038 甘农薯7号 1011111 1000011 1001100001 ZY062 克新27号 1110001 1110111 1101101101
ZY039 中加2号 1110001 0111011 1111111111 ZY063 克新25号 1011101 0000011 1111111111
ZY040 青薯168 1111111 0111011 1101100101

Fig.5

QR code diagram of 63 potato varieties (lines)"

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