Crops ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 163-170.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.02.024

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Effects of Cannabidiol on Tobacco Growth under Cd and Cr Stress

Guan Jiao(), Fan Xingrong, Zou Hongxu, Yang Jialing, Wang Lihua, Weng Yuxian, Bao Zhijuan()   

  1. College of Tobacco Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
  • Received:2022-02-17 Revised:2022-07-28 Online:2023-04-15 Published:2023-04-11

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Abstract:

This work was conducted to explore the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on the growth and development of tobacco under heavy metal stress. Using tobacco variety K326 as material, the CBD solutions of four different concentrations (0.0, 1.0, 5.0, 25.0mg/L) were sprayed on the leaf surface in Cd-stressed and Cr-stressed tobacco plants, respectively. The biomass, Cd and Cr accumulation of tobacco plants, and antioxidant indexes in leaves were determined after treatments. The results showed that, Cd and Cr stress seriously inhibited the growth of tobacco and increased the accumulation of Cd and Cr in plants. Exogenous CBD appeared low concentrations promotion and high concentration inhibition on tobacco growth. The application of 1.0mg/L (Cd) and 5.0mg/L (Cr) CBD significantly reduced the production rate of O2-· and H2O2 in tobacco leaves, Cd and Cr contents in plants, while remarkably increased the shoot and root dry weight of tobacco, the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, ascorbic acid peroxidase and glutathione reductase, and improved the contents of ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH), as well as AsA/DHA (dehydroascorbate) and GSH/ GSSG (oxidized glutathione). In conclusion, an appropriate amount of exogenous CBD could effectively alleviate the oxidative damage caused by heavy metal stress, inhibit the accumulation of heavy metals in tobacco plants and promote plants growth.

Key words: Cannabidiol, Heavy metal stress, Nicotiana tabacum L., Antioxidation, AsA-GSH cycle

Table 1

Effects of CBD on tobacco biomass under Cd and Cr stress"

重金属
Heavy metal
(mg/kg)		 CBD浓度
CBD concentration
(mg/L)		 干重（g/株）Dry weight (g/plant) 耐受系数Tolerance coefficient
地上部分
Upper ground		 地下部分
Under ground		 地上部分
Upper ground		 地下部分
Under ground
CK 51.47±0.82a 7.62±0.38a ? ?
Cd (60) 0.0 41.00±1.17c 5.47±0.44c 0.80±0.03b 0.72±0.09b
1.0 46.71±1.02b 7.20±0.46a 0.91±0.02a 0.94±0.06a
5.0 42.81±1.18c 7.04±0.62ab 0.83±0.01b 0.92±0.08a
25.0 41.91±1.05c 6.18±1.05bc 0.81±0.03b 0.81±0.10ab
Cr (90) 0.0 37.68±0.68d 5.84±0.24b 0.73±0.00c 0.77±0.01b
1.0 39.47±0.78c 6.32±0.28b 0.77±0.01b 0.83±0.04b
5.0 45.96±0.48b 7.36±0.28a 0.89±0.02a 0.97±0.06a
25.0 38.11±0.69d 6.47±0.45b 0.74±0.00c 0.85±0.06b

Table 2

Effects of CBD on Cd and Cr absorption of tobacco under Cd and Cr stress"

重金属
Heavy
mental
(mg/kg)		 CBD浓度
CBD
concentration
(mg/L)		 Cd或Cr含量
Content of Cd or Cr (mg/kg DW)		 富集系数
Bioaccumulation factor		 Cd/Cr
TF		 Cd或Cr单株积累量
Cd or Cr accumulation
per plant (mg)
地上部分
Upper ground		 地下部分
Under ground		 地上部分
Upper ground		 地下部分
Under ground
CK 0.86±0.03c 1.68±0.06d ? ? 0.51±0.01c 0.15±0.08d
Cd (60) 0.0 45.41±1.39a 18.18±0.30a 0.750±0.02a 0.300±0.00a 2.50±0.11b 2.96±0.14a
1.0 38.24±0.79b 12.76±0.33c 0.630±0.01b 0.210±0.01c 3.00±0.14a 2.75±0.05b
5.0 37.92±1.22b 13.10±0.10c 0.630±0.02b 0.220±0.00c 2.89±0.07a 2.54±0.03c
25.0 38.30±2.06b 15.93±0.21b 0.640±0.03b 0.260±0.00b 2.41±0.13b 2.61±0.05c
CK 1.40±0.06d 16.49±0.31e ? ? 0.08±0.00b 1.06±0.00d
Cr (90) 0.0 2.30±0.10a 42.71±1.33a 0.013±0.00a 0.250±0.01a 0.05±0.00d 1.96±0.06a
1.0 1.79±0.05c 26.76±0.41c 0.010±0.00c 0.150±0.00c 0.07±0.00c 1.31±0.04c
5.0 2.08±0.11b 22.33±0.76d 0.012±0.00b 0.130±0.00d 0.09±0.01a 1.30±0.04c
25.0 2.15±0.09ab 32.94±0.38b 0.012±0.00b 0.190±0.00b 0.07±0.00c 1.56±0.03b

Fig.1

Effects of CBD on O2-· production rate, H2O2 and MDA contents in tobacco leaves under Cd and Cr stress Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P < 0.05) between treatments, the same below"

Fig.2

Effects of CBD on antioxidant enzyme activities in tobacco leaves under Cd and Cr stress"

Fig.3

Effects of CBD on AsA, AsA/DHA, GSH and GSH/GSSG in tobacco leaves under Cd and Cr stress"

Fig.4

Effects of CBD on APX and GR activity of tobacco leaves under Cd and Cr stress"

Table 3

Correlation coefficient between CBD concentration and indexes of tobacco leaves oxidation system, Cd and Cr accumulation"

重金属
Heavy metal		 SOD POD PPO AsA GSH H2O2 O2-· MDA Cd或Cr积累量
Cd or Cr accumulation amount
Cd -0.267 -0.602* -0.619* -0.304 -0.410 0.699* 0.831** 0.283 -0.500
Cr -0.221 -0.430 -0.379 -0.164 0.335 -0.876** -0.199 0.795 ** -0.055

Fig.5

Correlation analysis between antioxidant index and membrane lipid peroxidation index of tobacco leaves, Cd and Cr accumulation under Cd (a) and Cr (b) stress “**”shows significant correlation at the 0.01 level;“*”shows significant correlation at the 0.05 level"

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