Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 233-238.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.05.030

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Effects of Foliar Spraying with Different Iron Fertilizers on Seed Yield and Its Components in Oat

Wu Huijuan(), Geng Xiaoli, Li Deming, Zhou Dongchang, Fu Ping, Liu Qian, Du Xiaocun   

  1. Grassland Technology Extension Station of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730010, Gansu, China
  • Received:2025-03-21 Revised:2025-04-29 Online:2025-10-15 Published:2025-10-21

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Abstract:

To explore the effects of nano iron fertilizer and FeSO4·7H2O on seed yield and its components in oat, and to determine the appropriate application rates of the two types of iron fertilizers in oat seed production, the experiment was conducted by spraying leaves at the heading stage with three concentrations of nano iron fertilizer [1.5 g/ha (A1), 3.0 g/ha (A2), and 6.0 g/ha (A3)] and three concentrations of FeSO?·7H?O [1.5 g/ha (B1), 3.0 g/ha (B2), and 6.0 g/ha (B3)], and setting a water treatment control (CK). The changes in oat growth and development, seed yield, and yield components under the effects of two types of iron fertilizers at different application rates were investigated. The results showed that compared with CK, foliar spraying of nano iron fertilizer and FeSO4·7H2O could increase the seed yield of oats. Among them, the best spraying effect was achieved with nano iron fertilizer at a concentration of 1.5 g/ha, and the seed yield reached 6309.85 kg/ha, which was 95.45% higher than CK. Meanwhile, correlation analysis, path analysis and principal component analysis showed that oat seed yield was highly significantly positively correlated with the number of spikelets of main spike (P < 0.01), and significantly positively correlated with tiller number, main spike length, the number of small flowers, seed weight of main spike (P < 0.05). All relevant factors should be comprehensively considered in actual production.

Key words: Oat, Nano iron fertilizer, Ferrous sulfate, Yield, Yield components

Fig.1

Effects of different iron fertilizers on growth indexes of oat"

Table 1

Effects of different iron fertilizers on seed yield and its components of oat"

处理Treatment X5 X6 (cm) X7 X8 X9 X10 (g) X11 (%) Y (kg/hm2)
A1 90.33±2.83a 19.80±0.44a 6.13±0.41a 51.40±2.60a 75.00±3.25a 2.33±0.12a 83.03±1.03ab 6309.85±253.43a
A2 78.40±3.41ab 17.95±0.40bc 5.73±0.18a 40.93±1.20b 69.53±3.57ab 2.00±0.13abc 88.69±1.38a 5469.43±323.66ab
A3 67.07±6.29ab 16.40±0.57c 6.13±0.13a 36.80±4.04b 54.87±4.15bc 1.58±0.16cd 81.81±0.57ab 5182.59±358.18ab
B1 72.77±5.23b 17.93±0.70bc 5.87±0.52a 39.37±4.77b 60.83±5.45abc 1.67±0.08bcd 83.59±1.51ab 3961.98±106.05bc
B2 81.90±2.38ab 18.11±0.43bc 6.02±0.13a 45.68±0.46ab 68.73±1.93ab 2.03±0.06ab 83.92±2.21ab 5456.03±311.96ab
B3 72.13±2.77b 18.67±0.70ab 6.53±0.13a 42.73±1.85ab 62.20±3.77abc 1.43±0.09d 86.23±0.98ab 4282.14±174.49bc
CK 65.87±4.34b 17.50±0.30bc 6.20±0.12a 39.27±1.14b 52.53±3.64c 1.34±0.08e 79.75±0.99b 3228.31±176.09c

Table 2

Correlation analysis among seed yield and its components of oat"

指标Index X2 X3 X5 X6 X7 X8 X9 X10 X11 Y
X2 1.000
X3 0.866** 1.000
X5 0.468* 0.176 1.000
X6 0.657** 0.545* 0.550* 1.000
X7 -0.047 -0.057 0.155 0.390 1.000
X8 0.620** 0.430 0.744** 0.834** 0.463* 1.000
X9 0.465* 0.194 0.958** 0.631** 0.242 0732** 1.000
X10 0.551* 0.474* 0.683** 0.641** 0.350 0.716** 0.718** 1.000
X11 0.290 0.105 0.641** 0.587** 0.292 0.480* 0.830** 0.588** 1.000
Y 0.476* 0.411 0.446* 0.517* -0.036 0.567** 0.438 0.543* 0.322 1.000

Table 3

Path analysis of oat seed yield and its components"

指标
Index		 相关系数
Correlation coefficient		 直接通径系数
Direct path coefficient		 间接通径系数Indirect path coefficient
X2 X3 X5 X6 X7 X8 X9 X10 X11
X2 0.646 -0.046 0.129 1.470 -0.130 0.082 0.550 -2.456 0.258 0.784
X3 0.528 0.149 -0.040 0.796 -0.117 0.064 0.420 -1.387 0.212 0.431
X5 0.611 2.225 -0.030 0.053 -0.115 0.010 0.643 -3.630 0.286 1.140
X6 0.545 -0.203 -0.029 0.086 1.281 -0.128 0.728 -2.355 0.233 0.930
X7 -0169 -0.414 0.009 -0.023 -0.054 -0.063 0.302 -0.142 0.046 0.169
X8 0.613 0.856 -0.030 0.073 1.694 -0.173 -0.146 -2.759 0.264 0.832
X9 0.609 -3.738 -0.030 0.055 2.190 -0.128 -0.016 0.632 0.295 1.349
X10 0.681 0.364 -0.033 0.087 1.770 -0.130 -0.052 0.621 -3.032 1.084
X11 0.503 1.538 -0.023 0.042 1.671 -0.123 -0.046 0.463 -3.278 0.257

Table 4

Principal component analysis (PCA) of yield components of oat seeds"

指标
Index		 主成分Principal component
1 2 3
X2 0.833 -0.455 0.201
X3 0.650 -0.521 0.501
X5 0.882 0.027 -0.375
X6 0.825 0.189 0.351
X7 0.110 0.878 0.383
X8 0.869 0.258 0.225
X9 0.917 0.082 -0.376
X10 0.896 0.004 -0.042
X11 0.796 0.173 -0.387
特征值Eigenvalue 5.620 1.390 1.046
贡献率Contribution rate (%) 62.448 15.441 11.619
累计贡献率
Cumulative contribution rate (%)		 62.448
 77.889
 89.508
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