Crops ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 41-46.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.01.008

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Analysis of the Characteristics of Dry Matter Production and Light Energy Utilization of Waxy Sorghum Applied in Different Eras in Guizhou Province

Gao Jie1,Li Qingfeng1,Li Xiaorong2,Feng Guangcai3,Peng Qiu1()   

  1. 1Guizhou Institute of Upland Crops/Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, China
    2Chuxiong Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chuxiong 675000, Yunnan, China
    3Poverty Alleviation and Development Office of Qiandongnan Prefecture, Kaili 556000, Guizhou, China
  • Received:2019-07-23 Revised:2019-11-18 Online:2020-02-15 Published:2020-02-23
  • Contact: Qiu Peng E-mail:p5615@sina.com

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Abstract:

The dry matter accumulation, yield composition, dynamic of leaf area index (LAI) and soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value after flowering and light energy interception of waxy sorghum during different stages in Guizhou province were analyzed using a randomized block test design. The results showed that the yield and dry matter accumulation of waxy sorghum increased gradually as the years changed. The new varieties (Hongyingzi, Qiangao8) were compared with the old lines (Heikenuo, Hongkenuo). It was found yield and dry matter accumulation increased by 25.5% and 23.4% respectively. The grain number per panicle and grain weight per panicle increased by 44.6% and 58.9% respectively. The average LAI of the new varieties was 3.41, which increased by 59.3% compared to the old lines (2.14). From flowering to 37d after flowering, the SPAD value of new varieties and old lines was decreased by 23.8% and 81.2%, respectively. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration rate of the new varieties increased by 16.1% and 34.3% respectively compared with the old lines, the intercellular CO2 concentration decreased by 23.5%, and light energy interception (Li) of new varieties increased by 8.3% compared with the old lines. The correlation analysis showed that the yield and total dry matter accumulation were positively correlated with the Pn, LAI, SPAD value, whereas, light energy interception, Pn and Li were positively correlated with the SPAD value and LAI. The above results indicated that the slow loss of green leaves after flowering, improvement of photochemical efficiency and the increase of light energy interception may be the reasons for the yield increase of waxy sorghum with the years passed.

Key words: Sorghum, Dry matter accumulation, Yield components, Photosynthetic rate, Light energy interception

Table 1

Basic information of experimental material"

品种(系)
Variety (Line)		 来源
Origin		 育成年份
Breeding year		 应用年代
Age of application		 株高(cm)
Plant height		 生育期(d)
Growth period
黑壳糯Heikenuo 贵州仁怀地方种 1989 (筛选) 1990s 343.1 121.8
红壳糯Hongkenuo 贵州仁怀地方种 1989 (筛选) 1990s 338.1 123.2
青壳洋Qingkeyang 四川省农作物品种审定委员会,品种 2000 (引种) 2000s 287.1 128.9
青选2号Qingxuan 2 青壳洋系选 2002 (筛选) 2000s 277.6 126.2
红缨子Hongyingzi 贵州省农作物品种审定委员会,品种 2008 (省审) 2010s 262.7 122.5
黔高8号Qiangao 8 贵州省农作物品种审定委员会,品种 2009 (省审) 2010s 250.8 110.2

Fig.1

Changes of yield and dry matter accumulation of waxy sorghum in different ages in Guizhou Province Different letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05), the same below"

Table 2

The difference of yield components of waxy sorghum in different ages in Guizhou Province"

年份
Year		 品种(系)
Variety (Line)		 穗长(cm)
Panicle length		 穗粒重(g)
Grain weight per panicle		 穗粒数
Grain number per panicle		 千粒重(g)
1000-grain weight
2017 黑壳糯Heikenuo 32.83a 28.83b 1 524.01b 19.20a
红壳糯Hongkenuo 33.70a 29.04b 1 497.12b 19.66a
青壳洋Qingkeyang 31.73a 47.08a 2 504.21a 18.46a
青选2号Qingxuan 2 31.40a 46.12a 2 527.30a 17.70a
红缨子Hongyingzi 31.87a 48.57a 2 728.43a 17.69a
黔高8号Qiangao 8 31.37a 47.89a 2 588.29a 19.37a
2018 黑壳糯Heikenuo 33.77a 39.74e 1 993.87e 19.13a
红壳糯Hongkenuo 33.79a 42.54de 2 099.01d 19.27a
青壳洋Qingkeyang 32.56a 48.21bc 2 569.88c 18.77a
青选2号Qingxuan 2 32.94a 46.65cd 2 729.55b 18.10a
红缨子Hongyingzi 33.25a 51.61ab 3 009.69a 18.01a
黔高8号Qiangao 8 32.90a 54.55a 2 977.93a 18.80a

Fig.2

Changes of leaf area index after flowering of waxy sorghum in different ages in Guizhou Province"

Fig.3

Changes of SPAD value after flowering of waxy sorghum in different ages in Guizhou Province"

Table 3

The difference of photosynthetic parameters of waxy sorghum in different ages in Guizhou Province"

年份
Year		 品种(系)
Variety (Line)		 Pn Gs Ci Tr
2017 黑壳糯Heikenuo 32.04ab 0.256a 134.38a 8.32c
红壳糯Hongkenuo 30.42b 0.239a 138.42a 7.93c
青壳洋Qingkeyang 33.88ab 0.257a 123.68ab 9.07bc
青选2号Qingxuan 2 34.88ab 0.254a 122.02ab 9.23bc
红缨子Hongyingzi 35.30a 0.243a 97.40b 11.36a
黔高8号Qiangao 8 35.54a 0.244a 92.70b 10.62ab
2018 黑壳糯Heikenuo 31.58b 0.217a 98.74ab 7.34c
红壳糯Hongkenuo 32.01ab 0.227a 109.60a 7.83c
青壳洋Qingkeyang 34.98ab 0.224a 89.92b 8.26bc
青选2号Qingxuan 2 35.38ab 0.223a 96.76ab 8.75abc
红缨子Hongyingzi 38.22a 0.253a 89.14b 9.85ab
黔高8号Qiangao 8 37.26ab 0.278a 88.84b 10.37a

Fig.4

The difference of light energy utilization in flowering stages of waxy sorghum in different ages in Guizhou Province"

Table 4

Relationship among material production indexes of waxy sorghum in different ages in Guizhou Province"

指标
Index		 产量
Yield		 干物质积累总量(DMA)
Dry matter accumulation		 穗粒重(GWP)
Grain weight per panicle		 穗粒数(GNP)
Grain number per panicle		 Pn Ci Tr LAI SPAD Li
产量Yield -1.000 / / / / / / / / /
DMA -0.990** -1.000 / / / / / / / /
GWP -0.998** -0.983** -1.000 / / / / / / /
GNP -0.987** -0.982** -0.991** -1.000 / / / / / /
Pn -0.968** -0.976** -0.965** -0.973** -1.000 / / / / /
Ci -0.904* -0.909* -0.900* -0.886* -0.947** -1.000 / / / /
Tr -0.902* -0.935** -0.884* -0.876* -0.943** -0.963** 1.000 / / /
LAI -0.956** -0.983** -0.942** -0.946** -0.979** -0.928** 0.974** 1.000 / /
SPAD -0.954** -0.980** -0.944** -0.946** -0.978** -0.957** 0.983** 0.991** 1.000 /
Li -0.983** -0.994** -0.975** -0.975** -0.948** -0.859* 0.902* 0.966** 0.956** 1.000
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