Crops ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 17-23.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.04.003

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Variation Analysis of Agronomic Traits of Waxy Sorghum Varieties (Lines) in Different Eras in Guizhou Province

Gao Jie1,Li Qingfeng1,Li Xiaorong2,Feng Guangcai3,Peng Qiu1   

  1. 1 Guizhou Institute of Upland Crops/Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, Guizhou, China
    2 Chuxiong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chuxiong 675000, Yunnan, China
    3 Qiandongnan Poverty Alleviation and Development Office, Kaili 556000, Guizhou, China
  • Received:2019-03-28 Revised:2019-06-20 Online:2019-08-15 Published:2019-08-06
  • Contact: Qiu Peng

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Abstract:

The agronomic traits, yield composition and resistance differences of waxy sorghum for different eras in Guizhou Province were analyzed using a randomized block test design. The results showed that the yield of waxy sorghum increased gradually as the years changed. Compared with the old lines (Heikenuo, Hongkenuo), the new varieties (Hongyingzi, Qiangao 8) yield increased by more than 25%. The grain number per panicle and grain weight per panicle increased by 51.7% and 62.7%, respectively. The number of panicle primary and secondary branches increased by 19.8% and 62.7%, respectively. Plant height decreased by 24.9%, and stem diameter increased by 9.5%, respectively. The number of internodes increased by 0.9 and the length of internode shortened by 13.3cm, respectively. Leaf area per plant and leaf area index increased significantly. The stalk lodging rate and leaf morbidity rate decreased, the earbearing tiller rate increased. Correlation analysis of each index showed that yield was positively correlated with grain number per panicle and grain weight per panicle, and grain number per panicle was positively correlated with panicle primary and secondary branches. Yield was significantly negatively correlated with plant height and stalk lodging rate, and positively correlated with stem diameter, the correlation coefficent was -0.981, -0.970 and 0.928, respectively. Plant height and stem diameter were significantly correlated with stalk lodging rate (the correlation coefficent was 0.964 and -0.910, respectively). Yield was positively correlated with leaf area index and negatively correlated with leaf morbidity rate. All these suggests that the increase of panicle branches number increased grain number per panicle of waxy sorghum. lowered plant height, broadened stem diameter, promoted the lodging resistance, leaf disease resistance in turn provided the security of leaf photosynthesis after flowering and eventually led to the increase of waxy sorghum production.

Key words: Sorghum bicolor, Agronomic traits, Yield components, Stress tolerance

Table 1

Basic information of experimental materials"

材料名称Material name 材料类型Material type 来源Origin 鉴定时间Time of certification 应用年代Era of application
黑壳糯Heikenuo 品系 仁怀地方种 1989筛选 1990-1999
红壳糯Hongkenuo 品系 仁怀地方种 1989筛选 1990-1999
青壳洋Qingkeyang 品种 四川审定品种 2000引种 2000-2009
青选2号Qingxuan 2 品系 青壳洋系选 2002筛选 2002-2009
红缨子Hongyingzi 品种 贵州审定品种 2008省审 2008年以后
黔高8号Qiangao 8 品种 贵州审定品种 2009省审 2009年以后

Table 2

The yield and its components of different eras waxy sorghum in Guizhou Province"

年份Year 品种(系) Variety (line) 产量Yield (kg/hm2) 穗长PL (cm) 穗粒重GWP(g) 穗粒数GNP 千粒重TGW (g)
2016 黑壳糯Heikenuo 5 044.44b 33.57ab 51.08b 2 527.30b 20.66a
红壳糯Hongkenuo 4 923.33b 34.20a 52.05b 2 385.95b 20.84a
青壳洋Qingkeyang 6 111.67ab 32.33b 70.12a 3 629.79a 20.03a
青选2号Qingxuan 2 6 105.56ab 32.77ab 68.76a 3 598.62a 19.12a
红缨子Hongyingzi 6 352.22a 33.37ab 71.67a 3 684.76a 19.68a
黔高8号Qiangao 8 6 360.01a 32.83ab 69.24a 3 627.40a 20.36a
2017 黑壳糯Heikenuo 3 529.42b 32.83ab 28.83b 1 524.01b 19.37a
红壳糯Hongkenuo 3 508.33b 33.70a 29.04b 1 497.12b 19.66a
青壳洋Qingkeyang 4 210.05a 31.73ab 47.08a 2 527.30a 18.46a
青选2号Qingxuan 2 4 156.75a 31.40b 46.12a 2 588.29a 17.70a
红缨子Hongyingzi 4 391.67a 31.87ab 48.57a 2 728.43a 17.69a
黔高8号Qiangao 8 4 396.84a 31.37b 47.89a 2 604.21a 19.20a

Fig.1

Changes of plant height and stem diameter for different eras waxy sorghum in Guizhou Province"

Table 3

Differences of internode number, internode length, panicle stem length among different eras waxy sorghum in Guizhou Province"

年份
Year		 品种(系)
Variety (line)		 节间数
IN		 节间长
IL (cm)		 主穗柄长
PSL (cm)
2016 黑壳糯Heikenuo 7.04e 39.01a 65.20b
红壳糯Hongkenuo 6.83f 39.62a 68.42a
青壳洋Qingkeyang 7.23d 30.49b 57.03c
青选2号Qingxuan 2 7.60c 30.58b 54.65d
红缨子Hongyingzi 7.83b 27.13c 50.17e
黔高8号Qiangao 8 7.97a 24.91d 52.37f
2017 黑壳糯Heikenuo 7.07d 36.98b 64.75b
红壳糯Hongkenuo 6.87e 39.46a 67.79a
青壳洋Qingkeyang 7.25c 28.72c 56.92c
青选2号Qingxuan 2 7.50b 28.79c 55.00d
红缨子Hongyingzi 7.79a 25.41d 48.25e
黔高8号Qiangao 8 7.88a 24.64d 52.13f

Fig.2

Differences of panicle branch parameters among different eras waxy sorghum in Guizhou Province"

Table 4

Differences of LA and LAI among different eras waxy sorghum in Guizhou Province"

年份
Year		 品种（系）
Variety (line)		 单株叶面积
LA (cm2)		 叶面积指数
LAI
2016 黑壳糯Heikenuo 4 772.51b 5.37b
红壳糯Hongkenuo 5 057.61b 5.69b
青壳洋Qingkeyang 6 017.72a 6.77a
青选2号Qingxuan 2 5 950.59a 6.69a
红缨子Hongyingzi 6 146.79a 6.92a
黔高8号Qiangao 8 6 023.79a 6.78a
2017 黑壳糯Heikenuo 3 030.59c 3.41c
红壳糯Hongkenuo 2 557.72d 2.88d
青壳洋Qingkeyang 3 409.33b 3.84b
青选2号Qingxuan 2 3 934.77a 4.43a
红缨子Hongyingzi 4 144.11a 4.66a
黔高8号Qiangao 8 4 152.09a 4.67a

Table 5

Differences of leaf morbidity rate, stalk lodging rate and earbearing tiller rate among different eras waxy sorghum in Guizhou Province"

年份
Year		 品种（系）
Variety（line）		 发病率
LMR (%)		 倒伏率
SLR (%)		 成穗率
ETR (%)
2016 黑壳糯Heikenuo 34.01a 11.10a 87.21c
红壳糯Hongkenuo 36.33a 8.08b 87.77c
青壳洋Qingkeyang 18.33b 2.34c 91.53b
青选2号Qingxuan 2 16.67b 2.22c 91.59b
红缨子Hongyingzi 3.67c 0.96d 94.01a
黔高8号Qiangao 8 3.33c 0.76e 94.40a
2017 黑壳糯Heikenuo 100.00a 12.69a 85.28e
红壳糯Hongkenuo 100.00a 10.04b 86.10d
青壳洋Qingkeyang 56.33b 2.87c 91.63c
青选2号Qingxuan 2 51.33b 2.67c 91.70c
红缨子Hongyingzi 30.01c 1.40d 92.56b
黔高8号Qiangao 8 28.33c 0.89e 94.48a

Table 6

Relationship among agronomic indexes of waxy sorghum in Guizhou Province"

指标
Index		 产量
Yield		 穗粒重
GWP		 穗粒数
GNP		 株高
PH		 茎粗
SD		 一级枝梗数
PBN		 二级枝梗数
SBN		 节间长
IL		 叶面积指数
LAI		 发病率
LMR		 倒伏率
SLR		 成穗率
ETR
Yield -1
GWP -0.993** -1
GNP -0.982** -0.993** -1
PH -0.981** -0.961** -0.944** -1
SD -0.928** -0.899* -0.875* -0.962** -1
PBN -0.990** -0.975** -0.972** -0.967** -0.918** -1
SBN -0.996** -0.997** -0.992** -0.977** -0.919** -0.981** -1
IL -0.979** -0.951** -0.931** -0.996** -0.967** -0.972** -0.967** -1
LAI -0.981** -0.966** -0.957** -0.996** -0.941** -0.967** -0.982** -0.988** -1
LMR -0.980** -0.964** -0.950** -0.999** -0.960** -0.962** -0.980** -0.991** -0.998** -1
SLR -0.970** -0.975** -0.948** -0.964** -0.910** -0.926** -0.974** -0.949** -0.962** -0.968** -1
ETR -0.971** -0.950** -0.919** -0.991** -0.959** -0.944** -0.962** -0.989** -0.980** -0.988** -0.976** 1
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