Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 26-38.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.06.004

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Analysis of Anthocyanin and Important Agronomic Traits in a Population of Recombinant Inbred Lines of Rice

Sun Mingmao1(), Liu Lixia2, Sun Hu1, Cui Di3   

  1. 1Weifang University of Science and Technology / Key Laboratory of University Facility Horticulture in Shandong Province, Shouguang 262700, Shandong, China
    2Shouguang Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shouguang 262700, Shandong, China
    3Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2024-07-08 Revised:2024-10-11 Online:2024-12-15 Published:2024-12-05

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Abstract:

The nutritional value, health benefits and market economic value embedded in pigmented rice are continuously attracting the interest of rice breeders and rice consumers both domestically and internationally. A total of 223 family lines from the Longjin 1/Xiangruanmi 1578 high-generation recombinant inbred population were used as test materials, and 11 indexes such as anthocyanin content in unpolished rice, 1000-grain weight, and grains per panicle were determined and subjected to variation analysis, variance analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis, cluster analysis, and significance analysis of differences, in order to screen superior colored rice new cultivars and new high-anthocyanin cultivars. The results showed that the unpolished rice anthocyanin content was 2.30-12 011.04 mg/kg, the mean value was 594.91 mg/kg. Grain color grade of unpolished rice was significantly negatively correlated with 1000-grain weight, grain width, and grain thickness of unpolished rice, and were highly significantly positively correlated with anthocyanin content of unpolished rice. Family line 42 had the highest comprehensive ranking, followed by family lines 96, 152, 99, and 186, and the unpolished rice anthocyanin content of these five superior colored rice families ranged from 20.74 to 12 011.04 mg/kg. The anthocyanin content of the high parent Longjin 1 was 4489.36 mg/kg, and there were eight families with significantly increased anthocyanin content (P < 0.05), among which the anthocyanin content of families 152 and 186 were 12 011.04 and 8421.58 mg/kg respectively. Lines 152 and 186 belonged to both an excellent family and a high anthocyanin family, and were new excellent high anthocyanin rice germplasm created.

Key words: Colored rice, Anthocyanin content of unpolished rice, Agronomic traits, High-anthocyanin rice, Germplasm innovation

Table 1

Differences in 11 indicators of different family lines"

指标Indicator 平均值Mean 标准差SD 最小值Min. 最大值Max. 变异系数CV (%) F值F-value P值P-value
株高PH (cm) 69.09 10.25 45.60 98.60 14.84 11.43 <0.0001
秆长CL (cm) 49.67 8.60 30.20 71.60 17.32 10.76 <0.0001
单株有效穗数EPP 8.37 2.79 2.60 17.00 33.28 14.11 <0.0001
穗粒数GP 74.75 24.75 11.89 191.33 33.11 16.36 <0.0001
结实率SSR (%) 66.92 17.26 15.57 94.25 25.79 10.17 <0.0001
千粒重TGW (g) 20.50 2.13 13.48 25.87 10.39 20.96 <0.0001
糙米粒长URGL (mm) 4.93 0.38 4.00 6.10 7.75 7.26 <0.0001
糙米粒宽URGW (mm) 2.48 0.20 2.00 3.00 8.12 5.91 <0.0001
糙米粒厚URGT (mm) 1.93 0.14 1.50 2.50 7.39 6.15 <0.0001
糙米粒色等级URGCG 6.07 4.75 1.00 14.00 78.34 － －
糙米花色苷含量URAC (mg/kg) 594.91 1600.93 2.30 12 011.04 269.11 2725.36 <0.0001

Fig.1

Frequency distribution of 11 indicators of different family lines LJ: Longjin 1, XRM: Xiangruanmi 1578."

Table 2

Correlation coefficients between 11 indicators of different family lines"

指标
Indicator		 株高
PH		 秆长
CL		 单株有效穗数
EPP		 穗粒数
GP		 结实率
SSR		 千粒重
TGW		 糙米粒长
URGL		 糙米粒宽
URGW		 糙米粒厚
URGT		 糙米粒色等级
URGCG
秆长CL 0.98**
单株有效穗数EPP 0.38** 0.39**
穗粒数GP 0.54** 0.51** 0.20**
结实率SSR 0.44** 0.46** 0.01 0.28**
千粒重TGW 0.20** 0.21** 0.05 0.00 0.30**
糙米粒长URGL 0.16* 0.18** 0.08 0.06 0.08 0.22**
糙米粒宽URGW 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.04 0.1 0.18** 0.03
糙米粒厚URGT -0.05 -0.03 -0.01 -0.05 -0.02 0.13* 0.06 0.19**
糙米粒色等级URGCG -0.01 0.00 -0.02 0.01 -0.01 -0.15* -0.09 -0.20** -0.16*
糙米花色苷含量URAC 0.04 0.04 -0.06 0.02 0.01 -0.11 0.07 -0.21** -0.19** 0.60**

Table 3

Principal components of 11 indicators for 223 families"

主成分
Principal
component		 特征值
Eigenvalue		 贡献率
Contribution
rate (%)		 累计贡献率
Cumulative
contribution rate (%)
1 2.05 18.66 18.66
2 1.00 9.13 27.78
3 1.00 9.13 36.91
4 1.00 9.12 46.03
5 1.00 9.11 55.14
6 1.00 9.10 64.24
7 0.99 9.02 73.25
8 0.99 9.00 82.26
9 0.97 8.85 91.10
10 0.96 8.72 99.82
11 0.02 0.18 100.00

Table 4

Matrix of component score coefficients"

指标Indicator 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
株高PH 0.63 -0.02 0.01 -0.04 -0.05 0.01 -0.15 -0.03
秆长CL 0.64 -0.02 0.01 -0.04 -0.05 0.00 -0.15 -0.03
单株有效穗数EPP -0.19 -0.05 0.01 -0.02 0.00 -0.02 1.09 0.05
穗粒数GP -0.22 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.06 0.00 -0.02 0.01
结实率SSR -0.20 -0.03 0.01 0.01 -0.14 -0.01 0.09 0.00
千粒重TGW -0.07 -0.07 -0.05 -0.10 1.08 0.04 0.00 0.04
糙米粒长URGL -0.06 0.01 -0.03 1.04 -0.11 0.08 -0.02 -0.09
糙米粒宽URGW -0.02 1.05 -0.08 0.01 -0.07 0.06 -0.05 0.08
糙米粒厚URGT 0.02 -0.08 1.03 -0.03 -0.06 0.03 0.01 0.08
糙米粒色等级URGCG 0.00 0.06 0.03 0.06 0.04 1.20 -0.01 -0.40
糙米花色苷含量URAC -0.03 0.07 0.07 -0.07 0.03 -0.39 0.04 1.22
主成分因子Principal component factor 秆长因子 粒宽因子 粒厚因子 粒长因子 粒重因子 粒色因子 穗数因子 花色苷因子

Table 5

Principal component comprehensive evaluation D values and ranking of 223 family lines"

家系Family line F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 D值D-value 排名Ranking
1 -1.79 -0.15 0.38 0.37 1.88 0.71 2.35 -0.39 1.32 0.8 2.17 0.32 42
2 -0.26 -0.5 -0.14 -0.7 1.79 1.56 -0.61 -0.69 0.05 5.24 -1.03 0.48 17
3 -1.54 0.15 -1.05 0.32 0.52 0.58 2.94 -0.48 -1.61 -0.75 -1.95 -0.23 167
4 1.13 -0.42 0.62 0.79 -0.71 2.05 1.09 -0.83 -0.65 0.22 -0.34 0.41 30
5 2.1 -1.46 -0.88 1.74 -1.08 -1.15 0.2 -0.45 -1.09 -1.03 0.31 -0.08 131
6 2.28 1.02 -0.24 0.09 -1.12 -0.11 1.32 -0.35 -0.56 -0.4 -1.9 0.39 34
7 0.87 0.39 0.52 -0.16 -1.1 -0.66 2.08 -0.09 0.91 0.74 0.54 0.39 35
8 1.99 0.83 0.4 -0.34 -0.1 -1.07 1.46 0.09 -0.09 -0.64 0.51 0.42 26
9 1.08 0.86 0.31 0.48 0.88 -0.96 0.49 0.05 -0.26 -0.04 1.76 0.37 37
10 0.07 2.41 0.19 -0.29 1.78 0.36 0.42 -0.11 1.18 0.03 -0.22 0.55 10
11 0.42 0.05 -0.25 0.2 -0.59 -0.41 1.11 -0.27 -0.3 -0.73 0.44 -0.03 115
12 -0.52 0.07 0.5 0.91 1.12 1.76 2.91 0.57 -0.74 -1.08 0.16 0.46 21
13 1.45 -0.3 -0.83 -1.03 -2.22 -1.36 -0.57 -0.17 -0.46 -0.69 -0.79 -0.42 200
14 1.36 -0.26 -3.06 0.77 -0.36 0.51 1.56 -0.9 -0.88 -0.52 0.6 -0.03 116
15 0.47 0.13 0.55 0.29 -0.57 1.34 -0.91 -0.64 0.38 0.82 0.6 0.21 62
16 1.14 -1.48 -1.5 -0.95 0.03 -0.35 0.38 -0.55 0.82 0.77 -0.55 -0.05 125
17 -0.14 0.03 -0.22 -0.3 -0.47 -0.19 0.82 -0.32 1.09 -0.01 2.08 0.01 100
18 1.04 -0.21 0.52 0.25 -0.38 -1.13 2.04 0 0.53 1.86 -1.2 0.5 12
19 -0.16 0.11 0.57 0.06 -0.86 1.48 1.14 -0.49 0.79 -0.52 -0.14 0.18 66
20 -0.01 -0.54 0.53 -0.1 0.24 0.37 -0.11 -0.51 0.82 1.47 1.03 0.19 65
21 -0.19 -2.23 0.06 0.79 0.1 1.37 -0.06 0.8 -0.82 -0.33 -0.73 -0.06 126
22 0.68 -0.19 0.49 0.02 -0.34 -1.15 2.3 0.05 0.63 0.37 -0.65 0.32 43
23 -1.31 0.05 0.41 0.29 -0.26 -0.39 1.88 -0.11 -0.96 -0.5 -0.79 -0.21 164
24 0.17 0.13 0.52 0.9 -1.56 0.64 0.25 -0.66 0.24 -0.14 -1.74 0.06 82
25 1.34 -2.05 0 -1.74 -1.05 -1.45 1.34 -0.07 -1.33 0.2 -0.82 -0.31 187
26 2.19 0.77 1.04 0.37 0.98 -0.91 -0.5 0.03 0.1 -0.1 -0.01 0.57 8
27 -0.53 -0.17 0.67 1.01 0.01 1.26 -0.07 1.85 -0.48 0.24 -1.59 0.29 50
28 1.3 1.07 0.36 1.79 -0.35 0.87 -1.17 -0.72 0.7 -0.89 0.76 0.4 32
29 1.16 0.23 -3.08 -2.52 0.89 0.12 -0.33 -0.57 -0.06 -0.11 -0.9 -0.28 176
30 1.98 -0.6 0.46 1.12 -0.7 -1.06 0.02 -0.22 0.67 -2.88 2.04 0.09 79
31 0.17 -0.51 -0.25 -0.44 1.8 1.59 1.67 -0.7 -1.07 -0.5 0.64 0.18 67
32 -0.27 0.59 -0.31 0.79 -0.92 -1.09 0.06 -0.08 0.32 0.75 0.26 -0.04 121
33 0.08 0.1 0.39 0.21 0.9 0.97 -0.75 -0.62 -1.65 -0.23 0.55 -0.04 122
34 1.33 -0.15 0.47 -2.19 0.72 -1.23 -0.4 0.14 0.73 -0.81 0.7 0 103
35 1.18 -0.56 -0.18 -1.54 -0.2 -1.28 -0.3 -0.02 0.98 -0.39 -0.25 -0.1 139
36 -1.58 -2.06 -0.18 0.49 0.35 -1.23 0.48 -0.17 1.49 0.81 -1.43 -0.31 188
37 -1.36 -0.8 -2.81 0.44 1.16 0.37 -0.94 3.77 0.61 -1.01 -1.27 -0.18 158
38 -0.06 0.19 -0.94 0.28 0.31 1.54 0.16 -0.7 0.63 -0.2 0.9 0.11 75
39 -0.62 0.19 -3.31 -0.41 2.13 -0.93 -0.43 -0.24 0.07 -0.77 1.22 -0.45 204
40 1.25 0.34 0.71 0.19 -1.04 1.26 -1 1.66 0.73 -1.87 -2.28 0.32 44
41 1.12 -0.5 -0.91 0.1 -0.4 -1.19 -0.53 -0.23 0.88 1.24 -0.4 0.06 83
42 2.19 0.76 0.82 -1.8 0.48 0.64 0.33 3.69 -0.4 0.05 0.51 0.82 1
43 1.12 0.09 -0.09 -1.41 1.52 1.36 1.13 1.38 0.98 -1.73 -1.4 0.5 13
44 2.34 -0.17 0.5 -1.15 0.09 -1.17 0.02 0.02 0.17 -0.3 0.33 0.26 55
45 1.91 -1.66 0.61 0.04 -0.79 -1.22 0.6 -0.18 0.43 -1.16 -0.41 0.06 84
46 0.91 0.96 0.3 0.06 0.13 -1.03 0.37 0.08 -0.41 -2.09 -1.15 0.03 90
47 -0.99 0.68 0.41 0.09 -0.02 1.15 1.01 -0.56 -2.07 0.28 -0.16 -0.09 136
48 -0.16 1.39 -0.94 1.26 0.39 1.44 -0.18 1.5 1.06 -1.56 -0.13 0.37 38
49 -0.19 0.05 0.38 1.05 -0.64 -1.05 -0.45 -0.09 -0.1 -0.85 0.17 -0.18 159
50 2.63 1.87 0.28 -0.15 0.66 -0.92 -0.85 0.06 0.33 -0.35 -0.34 0.57 9
51 -1.61 0.82 0.47 -0.35 1.53 1.36 -0.04 1.86 -0.01 -2.1 -0.25 0.03 91
52 -0.5 -0.47 -0.32 -0.36 1.43 0.39 -1.28 -0.53 1.74 -1.38 0.93 -0.16 154
53 0.88 -0.78 0.72 0.41 -0.08 1.39 -1 1.17 0.82 -1.15 -0.26 0.3 49
54 -0.45 1.26 0.41 0.4 -0.67 1.36 -1.36 -0.44 0.7 -0.9 0.91 -0.01 107
55 -0.13 1.22 0.45 -0.66 -1.02 1.34 0.08 -0.61 -0.08 -1.43 -0.27 -0.08 132
56 -0.41 -0.96 -0.94 -1.17 1.04 -0.27 0.11 -0.35 0.34 0 -0.28 -0.28 177
57 -1.49 0.07 0.3 2.73 -0.16 -0.41 -0.58 -0.35 1.15 -1.04 0.5 -0.12 143
58 -1.9 -0.02 -3.15 0.89 -1.02 0.23 -0.8 -0.82 1.97 -2.04 -0.48 -0.78 221
59 0.26 0.64 0.54 -1.53 -1.22 0.73 -0.21 -0.44 1.26 -1.33 1.63 -0.09 137
60 -0.41 0.69 0.36 0.35 -1.06 -1.1 -0.7 0.01 -1.92 -0.55 0.86 -0.42 201
61 0.09 1.05 0.4 -0.31 -1.01 -1.12 -0.18 0.08 0.47 -0.03 0.59 -0.04 123
62 -1.2 0.14 0.39 1.72 -0.71 -0.02 -0.23 -0.42 -0.25 0.24 -0.24 -0.15 152
63 -0.21 2.03 0.33 -0.62 -0.44 -0.57 0.7 0.08 0.51 0.69 -0.84 0.2 63
64 0.04 0.01 0.33 -0.19 1.73 -0.26 -1.91 -0.23 -0.96 0.11 -0.16 -0.11 140
65 -0.4 0.07 0.41 0.01 -0.8 -1.14 -0.39 0 0.21 -1.35 0.34 -0.34 191
66 -2.02 1.69 0.35 0.98 -0.79 0.75 0.02 -0.46 1.2 1.83 0.08 0.12 74
67 0.05 0.19 0.63 0.76 -0.55 1.6 0.82 0.73 1.1 -0.71 -0.23 0.42 27
68 -0.5 -0.07 0.45 0.15 0.58 0.41 1.01 -0.42 1.15 0.57 -1.41 0.25 57
69 -0.8 -2.58 0.54 -0.63 0.78 -1.28 -0.11 -0.08 -0.4 -1.15 -1.77 -0.59 214
70 1.12 -1.05 -1.64 0.01 0.6 -0.98 1.69 -0.27 -0.17 -0.13 -0.62 0.03 92
71 -0.95 -0.09 -3.16 0.45 0.02 0.48 1.1 -0.78 -1.66 -1.09 -0.7 -0.6 217
72 0.15 0.22 -1.64 0.61 -1.1 0.06 -0.15 -0.65 1.17 0.53 -0.61 -0.06 127
73 -1.63 2.39 0.34 0.11 -3.45 -1.16 0.23 0.17 -0.66 -1.22 0.39 -0.59 215
74 -0.43 1.68 -0.38 0.23 -0.21 -1.05 -0.51 0.08 -2.81 4.5 -0.74 0.05 86
75 0.16 -0.8 0.59 -1.23 -1.08 -0.3 -1.54 -0.35 -1.98 0.66 -0.32 -0.52 211
76 -0.23 -0.08 0.35 0.61 0.94 -1.01 -0.76 -0.04 0.77 0.22 0.2 0.05 87
77 -1.32 -1.13 0.7 -0.63 -0.49 1.41 -1.13 0.75 0.35 -1.89 1.7 -0.42 202
78 -1.2 0.6 0.34 0.29 -0.17 -1.07 -1.03 0.04 0.05 0.54 -0.17 -0.26 173
79 -1.07 1.98 0.5 1.17 -0.83 1.46 0.09 1.65 -1.32 -0.1 -0.32 0.22 60
80 -0.54 -1.1 0.48 0.14 0.34 -1.15 -0.3 -0.07 1.32 0.25 0.62 -0.11 141
81 0.17 -2.55 0.59 1 -0.25 -1.17 -1.86 -0.35 0.7 0.26 -0.57 -0.3 183
82 -0.66 0.55 0.31 0.46 0.62 -0.75 -1.9 -0.09 0.42 0.42 -0.62 -0.12 144
83 -0.76 1.01 0.28 1.25 0.11 -0.96 0.59 0.05 -0.52 0.38 0.24 0.06 85
84 -0.38 -0.12 0.38 1.17 0.07 -1.05 2.53 0.03 -0.4 -0.27 0.79 0.14 72
85 1.69 -0.27 0.4 -2.4 2.61 -1.15 -0.08 0.21 -0.74 0.11 -0.82 0.2 64
86 0.76 -0.21 0.33 -0.65 1.89 -1.06 0.39 0.09 0.23 -1.63 -0.54 0.09 80
87 0.25 0.02 -1.42 0.26 -0.62 1.04 1.16 1.87 -1.9 -0.59 2.4 0.04 88
88 -1.28 -1.07 -0.91 -1.71 0.36 -1.41 3.63 0.16 0.08 -0.24 -1.02 -0.34 192
89 -0.55 0.17 -1.03 -0.24 -0.01 -0.43 -0.87 -0.3 1 -1.28 -0.05 -0.37 195
90 1.61 2.63 0.32 -0.66 0.01 1.03 -1.96 -0.46 0.6 -0.29 0.21 0.41 31
91 -0.45 0.53 -2.84 0.26 -0.45 1.03 0.64 1.76 1.44 2.12 -0.27 0.31 47
92 0.95 -1.52 0.66 0.48 -1.04 0.05 -0.42 -0.63 0.78 0.98 -0.34 0.11 76
93 1.63 0.15 0.65 1.28 -1.08 1.9 -0.83 -0.21 1.01 0.99 0.33 0.65 6
94 -0.9 1.12 0.32 -0.54 -0.14 -1.11 -0.31 0.18 -1.26 0.29 -2.01 -0.3 184
95 -0.13 1.08 0.32 0.2 0.31 -0.01 0.1 -0.22 -1.37 -0.38 1.25 -0.01 108
96 1.23 2.57 0.28 2.03 -0.56 0.71 -0.85 -0.54 0.68 1.22 -0.29 0.73 2
97 1.09 -0.01 -0.19 0.1 0.45 1.35 0.71 -0.68 1.11 0.18 -0.72 0.47 20
98 0.58 0 0.46 -0.24 2.09 1.61 -0.53 -0.4 -1.29 1.75 -0.68 0.42 28
99 1.85 0.04 0.62 0.39 -0.23 2.02 -0.16 -0.61 0.56 1.26 -1.27 0.69 4
100 1.55 0.5 0.55 -0.65 -0.52 1.33 0.59 -0.65 1.19 -0.63 1.02 0.45 22
101 0 0.01 0.37 1.52 -0.32 -1.02 1 -0.06 -2 0.12 -1.58 -0.03 117
102 0.2 0.22 0.65 -0.2 -0.91 1.83 -0.07 -0.2 -0.32 1.6 -0.13 0.27 54
103 -0.49 -0.12 0.28 2.74 1.52 0.41 1.72 -0.5 -0.22 -1.01 -0.42 0.35 39
104 0.15 1.03 0.41 -0.33 -1.16 -1.16 2.11 0.18 -1.55 0.12 3.6 0.01 101
105 1.06 2.42 0.14 2.1 0.69 -0.74 0.09 0.01 0.07 -0.23 -1.01 0.61 7
106 -0.75 0.07 0.5 -1.07 0.52 1.51 0.79 -0.51 0.69 -0.56 -2.02 0.03 93
107 0.93 -0.14 -0.35 1 1.98 0.54 0.62 -0.56 0.37 0.04 -0.98 0.49 14
108 0.34 -0.21 0.42 0.2 1.22 -1.04 0.09 0 0.89 2.56 0.57 0.43 24
109 -0.39 -0.34 -0.86 -1.07 0.61 1.4 0.15 -0.6 0.4 1.14 -1.4 0 104
110 -1.08 0.3 -0.18 0.71 1.19 1.46 0.66 1.37 -0.93 0.38 -0.29 0.25 58
111 -0.32 0.03 0.46 1.07 -1.36 -1.11 0.91 -0.06 -0.21 0.61 0.95 -0.03 118
112 0.63 -0.04 0.37 0.08 0.44 -1.06 -1.19 -0.05 0.3 -1.09 0.57 -0.08 133
113 -0.48 1.55 0.27 0.19 -0.01 -1 -0.52 0.11 0.44 -0.27 -1.01 -0.02 112
114 -0.54 -0.03 0.43 0.2 -0.47 -1.14 1.11 0.05 0.11 -0.01 0.11 -0.08 134
115 1.41 -0.66 0.49 0.52 0.13 -1.07 -0.55 -0.15 0.99 0.52 -0.76 0.28 52
116 1.19 1.99 0.34 -0.48 0.26 0.25 0.38 -0.2 -0.38 0.73 0.74 0.48 18
117 0.22 -1.01 0.46 0.14 0.24 -1.14 -0.63 -0.09 -1.26 -0.2 0.73 -0.27 175
118 0.83 -0.14 0.53 -1.3 -0.33 -1.23 0.96 0.1 0.92 0.62 0.79 0.16 68
119 -0.07 2.55 0.27 -0.37 0.03 0.02 0.18 -0.07 0.58 0.68 0.06 0.34 41
120 -0.65 2.02 0.25 -0.65 0.2 -1.04 0.13 0.25 0.72 -0.25 0.02 0.03 94
121 -0.13 -0.17 0.38 1.65 0.51 -0.72 1.04 -0.17 1.39 0.65 1.12 0.39 36
122 0.47 0.42 0.42 0.87 0.52 0.26 0.81 -0.4 -0.38 1.95 -1.08 0.49 15
123 -0.1 1.4 0.16 1.61 1.34 -0.82 0.06 0.03 0.8 -0.9 -0.78 0.32 45
124 -1.51 0.05 -0.31 -0.03 1.28 1.08 1.44 -0.41 0.67 -0.37 0.76 0.03 95
125 1.15 -0.21 0.43 -0.08 0.78 -1.07 0.53 0 0.57 0.53 0.29 0.35 40
126 0.19 -0.44 -0.31 -0.12 1.3 0.4 -0.57 -0.54 -1.21 -0.49 0.54 -0.14 149
127 1.55 -0.23 0.31 0.07 2.38 -0.96 -0.96 -0.03 -0.17 -0.46 0.28 0.29 51
128 0.5 2.43 0.21 -0.27 0.77 -0.93 -0.59 0.2 1.24 0.39 0.07 0.4 33
129 2.68 0.27 -2.25 0.93 -0.13 1.87 -0.07 -0.58 -0.67 1.19 1.39 0.55 11
130 1 0.67 -0.11 -1.53 -2.33 -0.09 0.25 -0.35 0.77 0.04 -2.92 -0.06 128
131 -1.15 0.26 -2.51 -0.23 0.42 -1.23 -0.3 -0.13 -0.52 0.36 0.85 -0.57 212
132 0.22 0.4 0.42 -0.46 0.01 -1.12 0.8 0.11 0.39 0.79 1.06 0.16 69
133 -2.03 0.07 0.37 -2.41 1.31 -0.51 -0.63 0.08 0.25 -0.81 0.59 -0.58 213
134 -0.03 0.8 0.4 -0.41 -0.31 0.89 -1.43 -0.56 -3.12 -0.53 -1.08 -0.38 198
135 -0.67 1.11 -0.74 0.24 -0.26 0.84 -1.65 2.98 0.17 1.25 -0.01 0.23 59
136 0.08 0.12 0.4 0.81 -0.84 -1.07 -0.81 -0.09 -1.45 -0.33 -0.13 -0.28 178
137 -0.45 0.46 0.46 -2.52 -0.03 -1.29 0.05 0.27 1.15 0.4 -0.65 -0.19 162
138 0.24 0.35 -3.2 1.67 0.14 0.65 -0.58 -0.96 0 -0.57 0.68 -0.18 160
139 -0.94 0.31 0.53 -1.11 -0.75 1.46 -0.15 -0.57 -2.38 0.48 0.13 -0.37 196
140 -0.58 0.18 0.33 1.67 -0.48 -0.98 -2.11 -0.17 -1.39 0 -1.67 -0.37 197
141 -0.98 0.53 -0.49 2.3 0.89 -0.89 -0.35 -0.15 0.44 -0.28 0.42 0 105
142 1.12 -1.38 -0.8 -0.29 -0.43 0.24 -1.66 -0.79 1.04 0.04 -0.69 -0.16 155
143 -1.28 -0.02 0.29 1.48 1.36 -0.92 -1.83 -0.1 0.58 1.74 -0.93 -0.01 109
144 -1.32 0.56 0.31 0.25 0.19 -1.05 -0.86 0.05 0.61 -0.13 -0.76 -0.25 170
145 -0.9 -1.32 0.57 0.42 -0.03 1.55 -0.35 -0.87 -1.2 -0.18 0.58 -0.29 179
146 0.35 -0.34 0.46 0.03 0.08 0.89 -1.31 -0.69 -1.43 -1.24 0.49 -0.25 171
147 -1.23 -0.91 0.55 0.39 -0.69 0.32 -0.32 -0.57 1.08 0.44 0.49 -0.2 163
148 -0.49 -2.02 0.28 0.23 -1.01 0.43 -0.11 3.46 0.45 -0.78 -0.2 -0.01 110
149 -0.18 0.15 -0.19 -0.19 -1.31 -0.22 0.15 -0.36 0.15 0.95 0.07 -0.12 145
150 -0.69 0.39 -1 -0.32 -1.49 -1.25 -1.52 -0.1 -2.62 0.64 -0.11 -0.78 222
151 -0.81 0.24 0.5 -1.17 -0.49 1.03 -1.6 -0.6 0.2 -0.34 0.32 -0.35 194
152 -0.38 -1.88 1.36 0.22 -1.77 -0.94 0.29 7.77 1.44 2.18 1.54 0.7 3
153 0.35 0.06 0.39 0.46 -0.31 -1.08 -0.28 -0.03 -1.94 -0.47 0.55 -0.22 165
154 0.89 -0.05 0.45 -0.16 -0.57 -1.15 1.23 0.03 -1.08 -0.93 -0.27 -0.03 119
155 -1.49 0.03 0.44 0.3 -0.06 0.14 0.4 -0.36 1.67 0.3 0.01 -0.02 113
156 1.13 -0.24 0 0.06 0.21 1.21 -0.07 1.71 0.39 -0.76 0.74 0.44 23
157 0.42 0.49 -0.78 0.3 -0.73 1.31 -0.92 1.31 -0.42 -1.07 -1.62 0.03 96
158 -1.34 -1.07 0.39 0.14 1.38 -1.1 -0.81 -0.02 0.49 0.2 -0.31 -0.29 180
159 -0.66 -0.17 -0.89 -0.85 -0.75 0.96 -1.69 -0.81 0.72 -0.51 -0.83 -0.48 207
160 -0.29 0.92 0.29 -0.53 1.63 -1 -1.09 0.14 0.38 1.65 0.71 0.16 70
161 -1.05 0.06 0.39 1.63 -0.74 -1.04 0.3 -0.08 -0.46 0.87 0.34 -0.11 142
162 -0.08 -0.05 0.28 1.67 1.18 -0.92 -0.11 -0.08 -1.81 0.23 0.03 0.03 97
163 0.3 -1.08 -0.62 0.85 0.61 0.73 0.02 3.03 -0.8 0.04 1.47 0.31 48
164 0.17 0.04 0.4 -0.08 -0.14 -1.11 -1.05 -0.02 -0.37 -0.55 0.49 -0.23 168
165 0.24 -2 0.52 1.01 0.2 -0.14 -0.29 -0.53 -0.94 -1.62 0.89 -0.29 181
166 -0.67 -0.13 0.39 -0.19 0.71 -1.11 1.08 0.1 0.72 0.23 -0.54 0.03 98
167 -0.27 0.38 -2.41 -1.2 -0.99 -1.37 -0.17 -0.09 -2.43 0.24 -0.21 -0.78 223
168 -1.14 0.04 0.37 -0.03 0.76 -0.09 -0.11 -0.23 -0.32 0 0.49 -0.17 157
169 -1.41 -0.66 4.08 -1.07 -0.37 -0.12 -0.19 0.07 -0.05 -0.36 -0.27 -0.14 150
170 -0.02 -0.95 0.9 -0.07 -0.67 0.51 -1.24 3.66 -2.23 0.25 -0.57 0.01 102
171 -0.7 0 -1.15 0.32 2.08 -1.03 -1.26 -0.1 0.89 0.32 -0.12 -0.13 146
172 -0.33 0.25 -2.51 0.27 0.22 -1.17 -1.62 -0.27 0.78 -0.37 2.19 -0.46 206
173 -1.53 -1.27 0.56 0.27 -1.37 0 -0.66 -0.51 -0.81 -0.54 -0.14 -0.68 220
174 -1.6 0.11 0.45 -1.26 -0.73 -1.28 0.76 0.2 -0.96 0.43 -0.33 -0.51 210
175 -0.09 -0.42 0.61 -1.01 -1.1 0.46 0.77 -0.47 -0.24 0.78 0.71 -0.07 130
176 0.74 -0.86 -0.83 0.85 -1.22 0.54 0.44 -0.85 0.41 -0.02 -3.1 -0.01 111
177 0.73 -0.17 0.42 1.59 0.4 -0.96 0.21 -0.14 0.75 1.88 0 0.49 16
178 -0.01 0.05 0.44 0.2 0.88 1.42 -0.08 -0.65 -0.17 -0.35 0.66 0.16 71
179 -0.87 -0.03 0.33 0.14 1.09 -0.8 -0.08 -0.01 -0.32 -0.28 0.09 -0.16 156
180 -0.05 -1.41 -0.84 0.26 0.1 0.51 0.3 -0.77 0.07 0.97 1.85 -0.08 135
181 -0.63 -0.75 0.57 0.66 -0.13 1.88 -0.18 -0.34 -1.26 -0.81 -0.58 -0.14 151
182 -0.79 0.06 0.35 -0.32 0.69 -0.6 -0.38 -0.07 -1.15 -0.79 0.19 -0.34 193
183 -1.23 -2.14 -1.36 1.19 -0.24 1.39 1.24 0.42 -0.83 1.5 1.22 -0.13 147
184 0.5 -0.01 0.55 -0.13 0.22 1.49 2.67 -0.34 -0.95 0.05 -0.25 0.42 29
185 -1.01 0.66 0.49 -2.01 -0.76 0.47 0.06 -0.31 0.84 -0.68 -0.44 -0.3 185
186 1.95 0.63 -2.67 -0.43 0.42 0.02 -0.08 4.99 0.33 0.37 -0.75 0.68 5
187 1.87 0.07 0.59 0.15 -0.27 1.77 -0.33 -0.57 -0.17 0.18 -0.36 0.48 19
188 -0.01 -0.31 0.62 -0.23 -0.22 1.81 -0.17 -0.16 0.08 -0.14 -0.58 0.11 77
189 0.17 -2.12 0.5 0.61 1.2 -0.38 -0.13 -0.4 -0.13 -1 -0.94 -0.13 148
190 0.18 -2.42 0.67 0.62 -1.32 -0.27 -0.63 -0.61 -0.36 -0.84 -0.79 -0.43 203
191 -0.82 -2.17 -2.82 -0.56 -1.39 0.21 0.21 -0.95 1.56 1.2 -1.73 -0.59 216
192 -0.47 1.07 0.32 0.47 0.43 0.02 -0.66 -0.26 -0.11 0.52 0.08 0.08 81
193 -0.04 -0.12 0.39 0.04 1.28 -0.05 0.47 -0.27 0.68 0.07 0.81 0.22 61
194 0.59 -0.44 0.45 0.45 0.34 0.19 -1.38 -0.51 -1.02 0.25 -1.77 -0.04 124
195 -0.07 0.49 0.39 -0.12 0.49 -0.06 -0.31 -0.25 0.54 0.4 0.02 0.13 73
196 0.84 -0.01 0.47 0.68 0.17 0.72 -0.46 -0.65 0.51 0.3 2.03 0.32 46
197 1.4 -2.69 0.62 2.98 0.18 0 -0.36 -0.83 0.8 1.2 0.52 0.43 25
198 -0.25 -0.01 0.43 -0.08 0.35 0.15 0.14 -0.36 0.81 -0.71 0.33 0.02 99
199 -0.04 -0.69 1.95 -1.29 1.3 0.63 -0.26 -0.35 0.74 1.12 1.65 0.28 53
200 -0.33 0.84 -3.2 0.38 -1.16 -1.25 0.21 -0.26 1.06 -1.27 -0.65 -0.49 209
201 0.48 0.31 0 -1.99 -1.79 1.21 -0.19 -0.26 -0.74 1.88 0.93 -0.06 129
202 -0.81 0.19 -0.93 -2.08 0.24 0.67 0.29 -0.49 0.6 -0.4 1.49 -0.32 189
203 0.44 -1.81 0.72 -0.36 -1.97 0.17 -1.72 -0.69 -0.31 0.1 0.95 -0.45 205
204 0.39 -1.54 -2.12 -2.27 0.05 1.3 -1.86 -0.51 -1.83 0.78 3.04 -0.65 218
205 0.05 0.42 -2.23 -1.62 -2.38 -0.21 -0.58 -0.55 0.36 1.44 1.36 -0.48 208
206 0.19 0.01 0.49 -1.71 0.67 0.54 0.06 -0.38 -0.37 -0.01 -0.95 -0.03 120
207 -0.13 -1.65 1.23 -0.47 1.47 0.11 -0.4 -0.38 -0.01 0.15 0.02 -0.02 114
208 0.03 -0.05 1.17 -0.07 -0.38 -0.11 0.56 -0.23 0.7 -1.28 0.49 0.04 89
209 0.04 -1.98 0.61 0.54 -0.31 0.31 -0.77 -0.7 0.65 -0.43 1.1 -0.18 161
210 -1.53 1.13 0.27 0.04 0.3 -0.54 -0.49 -0.01 -0.51 -0.32 -0.2 -0.3 186
211 -0.16 0.68 -0.36 -0.27 0.28 -0.1 -0.97 -0.3 -1.18 -0.39 1.19 -0.26 174
212 0.34 -0.07 0.55 -0.36 -0.74 0.06 1.97 -0.32 0.95 0.15 -0.06 0.26 56
213 -1.06 1.61 0.35 0.08 -1.03 -0.09 1.43 -0.13 0.47 -0.6 1.31 0 106
214 -0.56 -1.38 -0.03 -0.67 -1.48 0.13 1.07 -0.56 0.02 0.87 1.19 -0.29 182
215 -0.69 0.22 0.53 -0.06 -2.02 -0.22 -0.09 -0.31 -0.7 0.36 0.58 -0.33 190
216 -2.02 -0.32 0.5 -1.69 -0.43 -0.31 -1.05 -0.17 0.39 0.15 -1.72 -0.65 219
217 -1.17 -0.36 0.62 -1.14 -1.65 0.42 0.17 -0.48 1.71 0.42 0.27 -0.25 172
218 -1.47 0.1 0.51 -2.03 -0.64 -0.07 0.45 -0.17 1.22 -0.76 -0.77 -0.4 199
219 -0.51 0.11 0.51 -1.27 -0.57 0.51 0.16 -0.43 0.47 -0.91 -0.39 -0.22 166
220 -1.59 0.18 0.53 -1.72 -0.09 1.42 0.03 -0.45 0.94 -0.09 0.39 -0.23 169
221 0.49 0.08 0.52 -1.14 0.6 1.54 -0.88 -0.59 0.4 -0.35 -0.46 0.11 78
222 -0.25 -0.05 0.32 -0.2 1.43 -1.04 -1.2 0.04 -0.35 -0.09 0.32 -0.15 153
223 0.07 -0.12 0.31 -1.69 3.04 -0.36 0.96 0.06 -3.29 -0.19 0 -0.09 138

Table 6

Performance of five excellent and five under-performing colored rices on various indicators"

家系
Family line		 PH CL EPP GP SSR TGW URGL URGW URGT URGCG URAC D值
D-value		 排名
Ranking
42 90.80a 66.80a 10.40ab 92.67c 72.36ab 21.30a 4.40de 2.60b 2.00a 14 6115.05c 0.82 1
96 84.40a 63.40a 7.60c 115.22ab 87.73a 20.64ab 5.70a 3.00a 2.00a 7 20.74f 0.73 2
152 73.80b 50.60b 8.20bc 126.44a 87.21a 16.33d 5.10b 2.00d 2.00a 14 12 011.04a 0.70 3
99 88.60a 68.40a 9.40abc 120.44a 86.78a 20.53ab 5.10b 2.50b 2.00a 14 754.99e 0.69 4
186 90.40a 68.20a 9.20abc 101.78bc 84.82a 21.07a 4.90bc 2.50b 1.50c 14 8421.58b 0.68 5
173 49.00e 33.20d 5.40d 46.67de 41.32c 17.06cd 4.90bc 2.20cd 2.00a 6 21.28f -0.68 220
216 45.60e 32.60d 4.00d 60.00d 62.35b 18.89bc 4.20de 2.40bc 2.00a 5 18.59f -0.65 219
204 70.40b 44.20bc 3.60d 88.22c 40.23c 18.92bc 4.00e 2.10d 1.60b 13 939.26d -0.65 218
71 56.80d 40.20c 10.80a 41.00e 33.40c 19.60ab 5.00bc 2.40bc 1.50c 8 53.62f -0.60 217
191 63.20c 47.00bc 8.20bc 101.67bc 85.51a 17.01cd 4.60cd 2.00d 1.50c 8 59.27f -0.59 216

Table 7

The 11 indicators for each family group"

类群
Group		 株高
PH
(cm)		 秆长
CL
(cm)		 单株有
效穗数
EPP		 穗粒数
GP		 结实率
SSR
(%)		 千粒重
TGW
(g)		 糙米粒长
URGL
(mm)		 糙米粒宽
URGW
(mm)		 糙米粒厚
URGT
(mm)		 糙米粒
色等级
URGCG		 糙米花
色苷含量
URAC (mg/kg)
Ⅰ 56.98 39.54 6.32 55.82 52.89 18.50 4.56 2.48 1.99 7.28 318.76
Ⅱ 63.59 44.96 6.58 63.77 63.18 21.35 5.10 2.45 1.94 3.26 19.50
Ⅲ 68.28 49.43 7.95 72.28 65.93 19.67 5.09 2.37 1.85 13.91 4436.95
Ⅳ 83.28 61.67 10.46 94.41 79.83 20.87 5.06 2.48 1.92 5.17 347.05
Ⅴ 69.67 49.82 10.73 85.15 57.66 19.08 4.76 2.46 1.88 6.30 212.50
Ⅵ 71.26 51.57 8.61 76.99 77.48 21.96 4.84 2.62 1.99 5.68 85.86
平均值Mean 68.84 49.50 8.44 74.74 66.16 20.24 4.90 2.47 1.93 6.93 903.44

Fig.2

Systematic cluster analysis of 223 family lines"

Table 8

Dunnett’s t tests for anthocyanin content of unpolished rice between 223 family lines and Longjin 1"

家系与龙锦1号比较
Group comparison		 均值差
Difference between means (mg/kg)		 99%均值差的同时置信区间
Simultaneous 99% confidence limits		 标记
Mark
152-LJ 7521.68 7370.64 7672.73 *
186-LJ 3932.22 3781.18 4083.27 *
37-LJ 2413.71 2262.66 2564.75 *
170-LJ 1947.78 1796.73 2098.82 *
148-LJ 1859.87 1708.82 2010.92 *
42-LJ 1625.69 1474.65 1776.74 *
163-LJ 1297.96 1146.92 1449.01 *
135-LJ 1029.63 878.58 1180.67 *
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