Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 267-275.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.04.034

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Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Rates on Main Nutritional Quality and Yield of Waxy Corn in Semi-Arid Area

Wu Fengjie(), Hou Nan, Qi Xiangkun, Yang Kejun(), Fu Jian(), Wang Yufeng   

  1. College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University / Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation Technology and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing 163000, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2024-03-14 Revised:2024-05-22 Online:2025-08-15 Published:2025-08-12

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Abstract:

Using the fresh corn varieties Jinnuo 262 and Jingkenuo 2000 as test materials, a pot experiment was conducted at the pot cultivation field of the College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Baiji Agricultural University, from May to October in 2023. Four nitrogen fertilizer levels were set, namely 0 (N0), 150 (N1), 225 (N2), and 300 kg/ha (N3), to study the effects of different nitrogen application rates on the main nutritional quality and yield of waxy corn. The results showed that the optimal harvesting period of Jinnuo 262 was 20-25 days after silking, and that of Jingkenuo 2000 was 20-30 days after silking. Jinnuo 262 achieved high-quality and high-yield under N1 treatment, and Jingkenuo 2000 achieved high-quality and high-yield under N2 treatment. Therefore, the optimal harvest time for waxy corn in semi-arid areas is about 25 days after silking, and the suitable nitrogen fertilizer application rate for waxy corn cultivation in semi-arid areas is 150-225 kg/ha.

Key words: Waxy corn, Nitrogen application rate, Soluble sugar, Protein, Starch, Yield, Quality

Table 1

100-grain dry weight of waxy corn under different nitrogen application rates g"

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 吐丝后天数Days after silking
15 d 20 d 25 d 30 d 35 d 40 d 45 d
金糯262 Jinnuo 262 N0 4.87b 8.73a 15.00a 18.07b 19.63b 27.83a 24.43c
N1 7.13a 10.73a 16.43a 21.97a 20.63b 24.47a 27.63ab
N2 5.80ab 8.40a 17.27a 20.06ab 24.60a 24.77a 26.67bc
N3 5.10ab 8.30a 15.91a 20.70a 25.00a 25.63a 29.80a
京科糯2000 Jingkenuo 2000 N0 3.57a 7.20a 11.40a 17.37a 17.33c 19.70b 22.60a
N1 3.31a 10.03a 10.97a 19.03a 20.50b 23.80a 24.97a
N2 4.45a 8.23a 12.63a 17.13a 22.33a 22.47ab 26.07a
N3 3.80a 9.43a 11.67a 20.30a 19.83b 23.13a 23.63a
FV ** ns ** * ** ** **
FN ns ns ns * ** ns **
FV×N ns ns ns ns ** ns ns

Table 2

100-grain moisture rate of waxy corn under different nitrogen application rates %"

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 吐丝后天数Days after silking
15 d 20 d 25 d 30 d 35 d 40 d 45 d
金糯262 Jinnuo 262 N0 82.77bc 72.89b 62.85b 58.14b 60.74a 46.90b 40.22b
N1 80.99c 74.95ab 64.50ab 55.43c 50.13b 50.82a 46.81a
N2 85.57ab 79.04ab 66.52ab 61.87a 53.07b 48.27ab 43.29ab
N3 87.07a 80.00a 67.35a 58.39b 52.97b 50.82a 42.72ab
京科糯2000 Jingkenuo 2000 N0 87.78b 75.90a 71.17a 62.20a 61.76a 55.53a 56.38a
N1 93.17a 73.65a 71.55a 62.63a 61.84a 53.58a 54.02ab
N2 87.21b 78.44a 71.71a 65.06a 57.49b 56.00a 51.53b
N3 90.57ab 76.91a 74.42a 62.16a 61.40a 52.48a 52.93ab
FV ** ns ** ** ** ** **
FN ns * * ns ** ns ns
FV×N ** ns ns ns * ** *

Fig.1

Effects of nitrogen application rates on soluble sugar content of waxy corn grain"

Fig.2

Effects of nitrogen application rates on albumin content of waxy corn grain"

Fig.3

Effects of nitrogen application rates on globulin content of waxy corn grain"

Fig.4

Effects of nitrogen application rates on the content of prolamine protein in waxy corn grain"

Fig.5

Effects of nitrogen application rates on the content of glutelin in waxy corn grain"

Table 3

Amylopectin content of waxy corn under different nitrogen application rates %"

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 吐丝后天数Days after silking
15 d 20 d 25 d 30 d 35 d 40 d 45 d
金糯262 Jinnuo 262 N0 32.83a 38.82b 45.53b 57.72b 60.67c 60.67c 66.04b
N1 37.87a 55.82a 57.16ab 61.21ab 70.98ab 70.98ab 74.17a
N2 38.17a 53.47a 59.32a 65.10a 72.99a 72.99a 73.05a
N3 36.04a 50.31a 56.10ab 60.94ab 68.11b 68.11b 71.49ab
京科糯2000 Jingkenuo 2000 N0 30.86a 42.56b 50.28a 54.75a 61.44a 64.30b 66.03b
N1 32.09a 49.05ab 54.26a 63.52a 66.77a 69.09ab 70.95ab
N2 34.46a 51.89a 57.24a 61.96a 67.26a 72.28a 73.75a
N3 32.85a 48.45ab 50.16a 63.37a 65.86a 69.29ab 71.86ab
FV ns ns ns ns ns ns ns
FN ns ** * * ns ** **
FV×N ns ns ns ns ns * ns

Table 4

Amylose content of waxy corn under different nitrogen application rates %"

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 吐丝后天数Days after silking
15 d 20 d 25 d 30 d 35 d 40 d 45 d
金糯262 Jinnuo 262 N0 0.58a 1.08a 1.23a 1.61a 2.27a 2.56a 3.22a
N1 0.35b 0.62c 0.91c 1.16b 1.42b 1.72b 2.32c
N2 0.40b 1.12a 1.33a 1.49a 2.18a 2.40a 3.12a
N3 0.37b 0.77b 1.06b 1.24b 2.13a 2.57a 2.75b
京科糯2000 Jingkenuo 2000 N0 0.66b 1.04a 1.31a 1.68a 2.25a 2.92a 3.09a
N1 0.77a 0.95a 1.09b 1.81a 2.24a 2.30b 2.96ab
N2 0.54c 1.00a 1.29a 1.76a 1.96b 2.16c 2.82b
N3 0.28d 0.33b 1.25a 1.77a 1.89b 2.11c 2.46c
FV ** * ** ** ns ** ns
FN ** ** ** ** ** ** **
FV×N ** ** * ** ** ** **

Fig.6

Appearance of harvestable ear"

Fig.7

Effects of different nitrogen application rates on yield of waxy corn Different lowercase letters indicate significantly different at the 0.05 level."

Fig.8

Correlation analysis of the nutrient ingredients and yield in fresh waxy corn grain MR: 100-grain moisture rate, SS: soluble sugar, Alb: albumin, Glo: globulin, Pro: prolamine, Glu: glutelin, ALP: amylopectin, ALO: amylose, FE: fresh ear yield, FG: fresh grain yield.“*”indicates significant correlation (P < 0.05)，“**”indicates extremely significant correlation (P < 0.01)."

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