检索
E-mail
RSS
高级检索 图表检索

当期目录 我要投稿 过刊浏览
高级检索 图表检索

作物杂志,2016, 第6期: 154–159 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2016.06.026

所属专题： 玉米专题

• 种子科技 • 上一篇    下一篇

弧形电晕场处理对玉米种子活力及生理指标的影响

杨翠翠1,李法德2,李岩1,吴承来1,张春庆1   

  1. 1 作物生物学国家重点实验室/山东农业大学农学院,271018,山东泰安
    2 山东农业大学机电学院,271018,山东泰安
  • 收稿日期:2016-09-02 修回日期:2016-11-01 出版日期:2016-12-15 发布日期:2018-08-26
  • 通讯作者: 张春庆
  • 作者简介:杨翠翠，硕士，从事种子科学及技术研究;
  • 基金资助:
    山东重大技术创新专项基金(2015);公益性行业（农业）科技专项(201203052，201303005)

Effects of Arc-Tooth-Shaped Corona Discharge Field Treatment on Improving Corn Seed Vigor and Physiological Indexes

Yang Cuicui1,Li Fade2,Li Yan1,Wu Chenglai1,Zhang Chunqing1   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,Agronomy college,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,Shandong,China
    2 Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College,Shandong Agricultural University,Taian 271018,Shandong,China
  • Received:2016-09-02 Revised:2016-11-01 Online:2016-12-15 Published:2018-08-26
  • Contact: Chunqing Zhang

RichHTML

6

PDF (PC)

137

摘要：

为明确电晕场处理对玉米种子活力及生理指标的影响,以玉米品种农大108和津北288为试验材料,研究了优化处理的条件及处理对玉米杂交种活力提高的幅度和生理指标的变化。结果表明,种子含水量不同时最优处理场强和时间随着种子水分含量的升高而降低;随着种子基础活力的提高,处理后种子活力的提高幅度降低,中、低活力的种子发芽率较对照提高12%~24%,活力指数提高28%~51%;在正常种子含水量（12%左右）条件下,350kV/m的场强处理5.6min条件对种子活力的提高效果较好。在优化的处理条件下,电晕场处理后α-淀粉酶、脱氢酶、SOD、POD、CAT活性均显著高于对照,而浸出液电导率显著低于对照。研究表明,在最优条件下,电晕场处理能有效提高种子活力、细胞膜的修复能力和各种代谢酶、保护酶的活性。

关键词: 玉米种子, 弧形电晕场, 种子含水量, 种子活力, 生理指标

Abstract:

To understand mechanism of arc-tooth-shaped corona discharge field (ATSCDF) on improving corn seed vigor, three samples of two hybrids, Nongda 108 and Jinbei 288, were used to study influences of seed moisture content and seed vigor after ATSCDF treatment. The optimized electric field strength and treatment time changed with seed moisture content. The longer treatment time and the greater varied the field strength became. Percentage of seed germination of middle and low vigor seeds could be increased by from 12% to 24%, of which vigor index was increased by from 28%-51%. The optimal treatment condition of ATSCDF was about 350 kV/m and 5.6min under normal moisture content. The six physiological indexes of seeds treated under optimal conditions, which were the electrical conductivity, the activities of amylase, dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT), were tested and compared with control. The activities of amylase, dehydrogenase, SOD, POD, and CAT increased significantly compared with the control for seeds of different vigor, and the electrical conductivity decreased significantly to the control. It was cleared that seed vigor could be actively increased by the treatment of ATSCDF under optimal condition, because of improvement of activities of many kinds of metabolic enzymes and protective enzymes, and of capability of repairing cell membrane.

Key words: Corn seed, Arc-tooth-shaped corona discharge field (ATSCDF), Seed moisture content, Seed vigor, Physiological indexes

图1

高压种子处理装置示意图1.交流试验变压器,2.高压硅堆,3.弧形电极,4.下极板,5.玉米种子,6.电流表,7.高压测量器"

表1

试验因素和水平"

水平
Level		 因素Factor
场强Field strength(kV/m) 时间Time(min)
6.0% 12.5% 16.0% 6.0% 12.5% 16.0%
-1.414 285 280 160 5.6 4.8 3.6
-1.000 320 300 200 6.0 5.0 4.0
0.000 400 350 300 7.0 5.5 5.0
1.000 480 400 400 8.0 6.0 6.0
1.414 515 420 440 8.4 6.2 6.4

表2

3种含水量玉米种子活力指标比较"

指标Index 处理
Treatment		 种子含水量
Seed moisture content
6.0% 12.5% 16.0%
发芽势(%)
Germination potential		 CK 64 54 67
优化条件处理 79** 69** 77**
相对提高(%) 23.4 27.8 14.9
发芽率(%)
Germination rate		 CK 74 74 74
优化条件处理 85** 84** 84**
相对提高(%) 14.9 13.5 13.5
发芽指数
Germination index		 CK 9.1 8.8 9.2
优化条件处理 10.6** 10.1** 10.4**
相对提高(%) 16.9 15.3 13.5
活力指数Vigor index CK 5.11 4.85 5.71
优化条件处理 6.89** 6.26** 7.23**
相对提高(%) 34.8 29.1 26.7
综合活力指标
Comprehensive vigor index		 CK 7.88 7.54 8.16
优化条件处理 9.69** 9.05** 9.64**
相对提高(%) 23.0 20.0 18.1

图2

弧形电晕场下3种不同活力玉米种子活力指标的比较大小写字母不同分别表示差异达1%和5%显著水平,下同"

图3

3种不同活力玉米种子电导率比较"

图4

3种不同活力玉米种子α-淀粉酶和脱氢酶活性的比较"

图5

3种不同活力玉米种子保护性酶活性比较"

[1] 齐建双, 卢彩霞, 岳润清 , 等. 复合磁场处理对玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长发育的影响. 中国农学通报, 2015,31(27):41-45.
doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15030038
[2] 胡建芳, 陈建中, 王玉国 , 等. 优化高压电场处理提高高粱种子活力. 农业工程学报, 2015,31(12):253-259.
[3] 徐江, 谭敏, 张春庆 , 等. 电晕场与介电分选提高水稻种子活力. 农业工程学报, 2013,29(23):233-240.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2013.23.032
[4] 徐江, 郭守志, 贾国梁 , 等. 电晕场处理三层水稻种子对其活力的影响. 农业工程学报, 2015,31(S):307-314.
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2015.z1.037
[5] 习岗, 贺瑞瑞, 刘锴 , 等. 脉冲电场对渗透胁迫下玉米幼苗自发光子辐射的影响. 农业工程学报, 2015,31(3):319-324.
[6] Abdollahi F, Niknam V, Ghanati F . Change of antioxidant levels in healthy lime trees (Citrus aurantifolia L.) and infected one with phytoplasma by low frequency electromagnetic field. Advanced Crop Science, 2013,3(4):308-315.
[7] Songnuan W, Kirawanich P . Early growth effects on arabidopsis thaliana by seed exposure of nanosecond pulsed electric field. Journal of Electrostatics, 2012,70(5):445-450.
doi: 10.1016/j.elstat.2012.06.004
[8] Novitskii Y I, Novitskaya G V, Serdyukov Y A , et al. Influence of weak permanent magnetic field on lipid peroxidation in radish seedlings. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2015,62(3):375-380.
doi: 10.1134/S1021443715030140
[9] Tan M, Xu J, Li F D , et al. Optimization of corona discharge field treatment on rice seed (Oryza sativa L.) by comparison of different equipments and experimental conditions. Advanced Crop Science, 2014,4(4):70-81.
[10] Tan M, Xu J, Li F D , et al. Physiological mechanisms of improving rice (Oryza sativa L.) seed vigor through arc-tooth-shaped corona discharge field treatment. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 2014,8(11):1495-1502.
[11] Jedlička J, Paulen O, Ailer Š . Research of effect of low frequency magnetic field on germination,growth and fruiting of field tomatoes. Acta Horticulturae et Regiotectuare, 2015,18(1):1-4.
doi: 10.1515/ahr-2015-0001
[12] Sofo A, Castronuovo D, Lovelli S , et al. Growth patterns of tomato plants subjected to two non-conventional abiotic stresses:UV-c irradiations and electric fields.physiological mechanisms and adaptation strategies in plants under changing environment. Springer New York, 2014: 285-296.
[13] Özel, H B, Kırdar E, Bi̇li̇r N . The effects of magnetic field on germination of the seeds of oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky.) and growth of seedlings. Agriculture & Forestry, 2015,61(3):195-206.
[14] Bee O B, Mohamed M T M, Aziz S N A A , et al.Germination,growth and biochemical responses of papaya (Carica papaya L.) to electric field. Research on Crops, 2014,15:159-168.
doi: 10.5958/j.2348-7542.15.1.022
[15] Gupta M K, Anand A, Paul V , et al. Erratum to:Reactive oxygen species mediated improvement in vigour of static and pulsed magneto-primed cherry tomato seeds. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2015,20(3):197-204.
doi: 10.1007/s40502-015-0161-8
[16] 谭敏 . 电晕场处理对水稻种子活力的影响及生理机制的研究. 泰安:山东农业大学, 2014.
[17] Costanzo E . The influence of an electric field on the growth of soy seedlings. Journal of Electrostatics, 2008,66(7/8):417-420.
doi: 10.1016/j.elstat.2008.04.002
[18] Forough M, Mahmoud L, Javad K , et al. The effect of electric field on seed germination and growth parameters of onion seeds (Allium cepa). Advanced Crop Science, 2013,13(4):291-298.
[19] Xu J, Tan M, Guo S Z , et al. Difference of three kinds of corona discharge fields in processing paddy seeds. Transactions of ASABE, 2014,57(6):1729-1739.
doi: 10.13031/trans.57.10680
[20] Qi H, Na R, Xin J , et al. Effect of corona electric field on the production of gamma-poly glutamic acid based on bacillus natto. Journal of Physics:Conference Series 418, 2013,418(1):1-7.
[21] 李合生 . 现代植物生理学.北京: 高等教育出版社, 2002: 283-290.
[22] 胡晋 . 对种子活力测定方法—TTC定量法的改进.种子, 1986(5/6):71-72.
[23] Cakmak I, Strboe D, Marschner H . Activities of hydrogen peroxide scavenging enzymes in germinating wheat seeds. Journal of Experimental Botany, 1993,44(258):127-132.
doi: 10.1093/jxb/44.1.127
[24] Ichim D, Creanga D, Rapa A . The influence of the electrostatic stress on cell proliferation in plants. Journal of Electrostatics, 2007,65(7):408-413.
doi: 10.1016/j.elstat.2006.10.009
[25] Musetti R, Weintraub G, Jones P. Biochemical changes in plants infected by phytoplasmas//Phytoplasmas: Genomes,Plant Hosts and Vectors,CABI Publishing,Wallingford,UK,Eds, 2009: 132-146.
[26] Wang G X, Huang J L, Gao W N , et al. The effect of high-voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) on aged rice (Oryza sativa L.) seeds vigor and lipid peroxidation of seedlings. Journal of Electrostatics, 2009,67(5):759-764.
doi: 10.1016/j.elstat.2009.05.004
[1] 张晓勇,杨友联,李树江,熊荣川,向红. 外源激素对低温胁迫下脱毒马铃薯扦插苗早衰的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2018, (4): 95–101
[2] 郝曦煜,王红丹,尹智超,梁杰,尹凤祥,郝建军. PEG胁迫对小豆苗期抗旱生理指标的影响及抗旱鉴定体系建立[J]. 作物杂志, 2017, (4): 134–142
[3] 赵媛媛,张丽莉,石瑛. 马铃薯抗旱种质资源的筛选[J]. 作物杂志, 2017, (4): 72–77
[4] 杨宁,赵浡彤,包雨卓,吕岩,彭瞰看,田宇,王军虹,孟婧,苍晶. 外源ABA及其抑制剂氟啶酮对冬小麦分蘖节抗寒指标的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2017, (4): 117–122
[5] 徐畅,刘景辉,杨彦明,白雪,马斌,张兴隆,孙梦媛,张梦玉. 菌肥与氮磷肥配施对覆膜马铃薯抗旱生理指标及产量的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2017, (1): 94–99
[6] 左应梅,杨维泽,杨天梅,杨美权,许宗亮,杨绍兵,张金渝. 干旱胁迫下4种人参属植物抗性生理指标的比较[J]. 作物杂志, 2016, (3): 84–88
[7] 宫再英, 周新刚, 潘凯, 等. 不同比例的玉米、小麦、菊芋秸秆对黄瓜幼苗生长及相关生理指标的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2015, (6): 126–131
[8] 倪瑞军, 张永清, 庞春花, 等. 黎麦幼苗对水氮耦合变化的可塑性响应[J]. 作物杂志, 2015, (6): 91–98
[9] 沈雪峰, 胡心怡, 陈勇, 等. 水稻秸秆浸提液对甜玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2015, (5): 158–160
[10] 黄海燕, 刘帅帅, 王生荣, 等. 中间冰草种质材料苗期耐盐性研究[J]. 作物杂志, 2015, (1): 36–42
[11] 张景云, 缪南生, 白雅梅, 等. 盐胁迫下二倍体马铃薯叶绿素含量和抗氧化酶活性的变化[J]. 作物杂志, 2014, (5): 59–63
[12] 马金丰, 刁现民, 李志江, 等. 莠去津对糜子幼苗形态和生理指标的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2014, (4): 138–142
[13] 祁雪, 张丽莉, 石瑛, 等. 盐碱胁迫对马铃薯生理和叶片超微结构的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2014, (4): 125–129
[14] 尹智超, 卢环, 秦萍, 等. 绿豆苗期对聚乙二醇模拟旱胁迫的生理响应[J]. 作物杂志, 2014, (1): 109–115
[15] 张景云, 白雅梅, 缪南生, 等. 盐胁迫对不同耐盐性二倍体马铃薯叶片质膜透性、丙二醛和脯氨酸含量的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2013, (4): 75–80
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] 赵广才,常旭虹,王德梅,陶志强,王艳杰,杨玉双,朱英杰. 小麦生产概况及其发展[J]. 作物杂志, 2018, (4): 1 –7 .
[2] 权宝全,白冬梅,田跃霞,薛云云. 不同源库关系对花生光合特性及产量的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2018, (4): 102 –105 .
[3] 黄学芳,黄明镜,刘化涛,赵聪,王娟玲. 覆膜穴播条件下降水年型和群体密度对张杂谷5号分蘖成穗及产量的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2018, (4): 106 –113 .
[4] 黄文辉, 王会, 梅德圣. 农作物抗倒性研究进展[J]. 作物杂志, 2018, (4): 13 –19 .
[5] 赵云,徐彩龙,杨旭,李素真,周静,李继存,韩天富,吴存祥. 不同播种方式对麦茬夏大豆保苗和生产效益的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2018, (4): 114 –120 .
[6] 陆梅,孙敏,任爱霞,雷妙妙,薛玲珠,高志强. 喷施叶面肥对旱地小麦生长的影响及与产量的关系[J]. 作物杂志, 2018, (4): 121 –125 .
[7] 王晓飞,徐海军,郭梦桥,肖宇,程薪宇,刘淑霞,关向军,吴耀坤,赵伟华,魏国江. 播期、密度及施肥对寒地油用型紫苏产量的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2018, (4): 126 –130 .
[8] 朱鹏锦,庞新华,梁春,谭秦亮,严霖,周全光,欧克维. 低温胁迫对甘蔗幼苗活性氧代谢和抗氧化酶的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2018, (4): 131 –137 .
[9] 高杰,李青风,彭秋,焦晓燕,王劲松. 不同养分配比对糯高粱物质生产及氮磷钾利用效率的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2018, (4): 138 –142 .
[10] 商娜,杨中旭,李秋芝,尹会会,王士红,李海涛,李彤,张晗. 鲁西地区常规棉聊棉6号留叶枝栽培的适宜密度研究[J]. 作物杂志, 2018, (4): 143 –148 .