Crops ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (6): 35-40.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.06.005

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Study on the Rapid Generation-Adding Technology of Huang-Huai-Hai Summer Soybean in Hainan

Pei Chunling1,2(), Gu Yongzhe2(), Fu Jiaqi1,2, Chao Shouwei2, Lu Qian1(), Qiu Lijuan2()   

  1. 1College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, Heilongjiang, China
    2Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Beijing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2023-01-31 Revised:2023-11-06 Online:2023-12-15 Published:2023-12-15

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Abstract:

Four soybean varieties (lines) from the Huang-Huai-Hai region were used as experimental materials in Sanya, Hainan province, and fresh pods of different thicknesses were harvested during the seed filling period. The seed state, 100-seed weight and germination capacity after natural drying in the shade were studied. The results showed that, the germination rate and germination potential of fresh pod seeds with thickness of 7-8mm were the highest, reaching 96.7% and 85.8% respectively, which were higher than those of normal harvested seeds by 8.6% and 10.3%, respectively. Therefore, the most suitable thickness of fresh pods for early harvest in Hainan in winter was 7-8mm. Using the technology of early pod picking, it took about 50 days from sowing to harvesting, and 15 days for drying in the shade. A generation had required 65 days in total. Planting in Hainan from the end of October to the beginning of May of the next year, it can reproduce for three generations continuously. This technology provides technical support for rapid soybean breeding.

Key words: Soybean generation-adding, Fresh pod, Pod thickness, Germination rate, Accellerated breeding

Fig.1

The seed state of different pod thicknesses after natural drying"

Fig.2

The 100-seed weight of different pod thickness after natural drying Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at the P < 0.05 level, the same below"

Fig.3

Seed germination rate of fresh pods of different thicknesses after natural drying"

Table 1

Difference analysis of germination rate and germination potential at different pod types %"

果荚厚度
Pod
thickness		 发芽率Germination rate 发芽势Germination potential
平均值
Average value		 SD 平均值
Average value		 SD
5~6mm 87.3b 0.091 73.0b 0.161
6~7mm 93.3ab 0.055 79.7ab 0.081
7~8mm 96.7a 0.020 85.8a 0.076
8~9mm 90.7b 0.066 77.2ab 0.134
9~10mm 90.7ab 0.082 77.2ab 0.235
CK 89.0b 0.021 77.8ab 0.120

Fig.4

Seed germination potential of fresh pods of different thicknesses after natural drying"

Fig.5

Difference in pod thickness for four cultivars on different days after sowing"

Fig.6

Schematic diagram of speeding up the breeding process by early pod picking"

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