Crops ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (2): 182-188.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.02.025

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Effects of Selenium Concentration, Application Stage and Method on Yield and Grain Selenium Content of Different Millet Varieties

Liu Panfeng(), Qin Jie, Hao Shuangnan, Wang Danli, Yang Wude, Feng Meichen, Song Xiaoyan()   

  1. College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (in Preparation), Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2021-05-18 Revised:2021-08-03 Online:2022-04-15 Published:2022-04-24
  • Contact: Song Xiaoyan E-mail:liupanfeng2020@126.com;songxiaoy123@126.com

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Abstract:

Selenium deficiency in soil and human body is a major problem at present. It is a great significance to study the effects of selenium application concentration, stage and method on yield and grain selenium content of different millet varieties. The field orthogonal design experiment was adopted and ‘Jingu 28’ and ‘Jingu 21’ were used as the tested varieties. Different concentrations of sodium selenite (0.00, 5.48, 10.96, 21.92, 43.84, 65.76, 98.64, 147.96g/ha) were applied to the soil and leaves at the jointing and heading stage to study the effects of various factors on the yield and grain selenium contents of different millet varieties. The results showed that the yield of millet increased first and then decreased with the increase of selenium concentration, and the yield was the highest when the selenium concentration was 65.76g/ha. Selenium content in grain was positively correlated with selenium application concentration and increased with the increase of selenium application. The yield and selenium content of grains were related to millet variety, selenium application stage and selenium application method. Spraying sodium selenite with a concentration of 25.41g/ha on the leaf surface of ‘Jingu 21’ at the heading stage was the most effective selenium enhancement scheme for millet.

Key words: Millet, Concentration of selenium application, Selenium application stage, Selenium application method, Yield, Grain selenium content

Table 1

L16 (8×23) Orthogonal test scheme"

处理
Treatment		 施硒浓度（A）
Selenium concentration		 品种（B）
Variety		 施硒时期（C）
Selenium application stage		 施硒方式（D）
Selenium application method
T1 1 1（晋谷28号） 1（拔节期） 1（土壤施硒）
T2 1 2（晋谷21号） 2（抽穗期） 2（叶面喷施）
T3 2 1 1 1
T4 2 2 2 2
T5 3 1 1 2
T6 3 2 2 1
T7 4 1 1 2
T8 4 2 2 1
T9 5 1 2 1
T10 5 2 1 2
T11 6 1 2 1
T12 6 2 1 2
T13 7 1 2 2
T14 7 2 1 1
T15 8 1 2 2
T16 8 2 1 1

Table 2

Effects of each factor on millet yield kg/hm2"

处理Treatment 产量Yield
T1 5416.66
T2 5677.23
T3 5855.02
T4 6019.55
T5 6037.14
T6 6219.78
T7 6085.82
T8 6306.68
T9 6168.54
T10 6287.01
T11 6270.85
T12 6523.26
T13 5971.33
T14 6007.99
T15 5791.65
T16 5885.88

Table 3

Visual analysis of the effects of each factor on millet yield"

处理
Treatment		 施硒浓度（A）
Selenium concentration		 品种（B）
Variety		 施硒时期（C）
Selenium application stage		 施硒方式（D）
Selenium application method
K1 11 093.89 47 597.00 48 098.79 48 131.40
K2 11 874.57 48 927.39 48 425.60 48 392.99
K3 12 256.91
K4 12 392.49
K5 12 455.55
K6 12 794.12
K7 11 979.32
K8 11 677.53
k1 5 546.95 5 949.63 6 012.35 6 016.43
k2 5 937.29 6 115.92 6 053.20 6 049.12
k3 6 128.46
k4 6 196.25
k5 6 227.77
k6 6 397.06
k7 5 989.66
k8 5 838.77
极差Range (R) 935.29 166.30 40.85 32.70
调整极差Adjustment range（R’） 550.79 204.51 50.24 40.21
主次序Principal order A>B>C>D
最优组合Optimal combination A6B2C2D2

Table 4

Variance analysis of the effects of each factor on millet yield"

方差来源
Source of variance		 平方和
Sum of squares		 自由度
df		 均方
Mean square		 F值
F-value		 P值
P-value		 显著性
Significance
施硒浓度（A）Selenium concentration 982 500.835 7 140 357.262 64.003 0.000 **
品种（B）Variety 110 619.656 1 110 619.656 50.443 0.001 **
施硒时期（C）Selenium stage 6 675.544 1 6 675.544 3.044 0.141 NS
施硒方式（D）Selenium application method 4 276.724 1 4 276.724 1.950 0.221 NS
误差Error 10 964.816 5 2 192.963
总计Total 583 424 896.086 16
校正的总计Total of correction 1 115 037.575 15

Table 5

Significance test of millet yield regression model"

模型
Model		 平方和
Sum of squares		 自由度
df		 均方
Mean square		 F值
F-value		 P值
P-value		 显著性
Significance
回归Regression 696 214.967 2 348 107.484 10.805 0.002 **
残差Residual error 418 822.608 13 32 217.124
总计Total 1 115 037.575 15

Table 6

Effects of each factor on grain selenium content of millet mg/kg"

处理Treatment 籽粒硒含量Grain selenium content
T1 0.187
T2 0.188
T3 0.199
T4 0.247
T5 0.250
T6 0.210
T7 0.243
T8 0.287
T9 0.328
T10 0.394
T11 0.315
T12 0.449
T13 0.447
T14 0.353
T15 0.517
T16 0.375

Table 7

Intuitive analysis of the effects of each factor on grain selenium content of millet"

处理
Treatment		 施硒浓度（A）
Selenium concentration		 品种（B）
Variety		 施硒时期（C）
Selenium application stage		 施硒方式（D）
Selenium application method
K1 0.375 2.487 2.450 2.254
K2 0.446 2.503 2.540 2.735
K3 0.459
K4 0.530
K5 0.723
K6 0.764
K7 0.800
K8 0.893
k1 0.187 0.311 0.306 0.282
k2 0.223 0.313 0.317 0.342
k3 0.230
k4 0.265
k5 0.361
k6 0.382
k7 0.400
k8 0.446
极差Range (R) 0.132 0.002 0.011 0.060
调整极差Adjustment range（R’） 0.077 0.002 0.014 0.074
主次序Principal order A>D>C>B
最优组合Optimal combination A8B2C2D2

Table 8

Variance analysis of the effects of each factor on grain selenium content of millet"

方差来源
Source of variance		 平方和
Sum of squares		 自由度
df		 均方
Mean square		 F值
F-value		 P值
P-value		 显著性
Significance
施硒浓度（A）Selenium concentration 0.445 7 0.064 8.688 0.000 **
品种（B）Variety 0.000 1 0.000 0.029 0.866 NS
施硒时期（C）Selenium application stage 0.000 1 0.000 0.000 0.993 NS
施硒方式（D）Selenium application method 0.048 1 0.048 6.545 0.015 *
误差Error 0.271 37 0.007
总计Total 5.553 48
校正的总计Total of correction 0.765 47

Table 9

Significance test of grain selenium content regression model of millet"

模型
Model		 平方和
Sum of squares		 自由度
df		 均方
Mean square		 F值
F-value		 P值
P-value		 显著性
Significance
回归Regression 0.128 2 0.064 26.882 0.000 **
残差Residual error 0.031 13 0.002
总计Total 0.159 15
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