Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 235-240.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.05.033

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Effects of Wheat High-Low Border Cultivation Pattern on the Occurrence of Diseases, Pests and Weeds

Zhang Lusheng1(), Chang Huihong1, Zhang Yufan2, Han Xiaowei3, Zhang Baoshuai1, Wang Xiaomeng1, Wang Ziqiang3, Tian Xuehui3()   

  1. 1Binzhou Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Binzhou 256600, Shandong, China
    2College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
    3Binzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Binzhou 256600, Shandong, China
  • Received:2023-09-26 Revised:2024-01-09 Online:2024-10-15 Published:2024-10-16

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Abstract:

In order to investigate the effects of different cultivation patterns on wheat diseases, pests and weeds, we set two cultivation patterns (small-flat border cultivation pattern: SFB; high-low border cultivation pattern: HLB) to investigate the occurrence of diseases, pests and weeds under different patterns. The results showed that compared with SFB, the weeds damage of HLB was significantly reduced, the number of weeds was reduced by 22.26%-27.87%, and the fresh weight was reduced by 50.06%-66.94%. Different cultivation patterns had significant effects on the occurrence of wheat aphids, red spiders and wheat sawfly, compared with SFB, the number of red spiders under HLB decreased by 4.65%-28.81%, while the number of aphids and wheat sawfly increased in different degrees. The infection percentage and disease index of wheat sheath blight, wheat powdery mildew and wheat crown rot under HLB were lower than those under SFB. Therefore, HLB pattern has broad application prospects in the well-irrigated areas of Huang-Huai-Hai Plain. Under this pattern, the key attentions should be paid to preventing and controlling diseases and pests such as wheat powdery mildew, wheat aphids, and wheat sawflies, and the monitoring of other diseases and pests also needs to be strengthed.

Key words: Wheat, High-low border, Cultivation patterns, Diseases, pests and weeds

Fig.1

The diagram of different cultivation patterns of wheat"

Fig.2

Effects of different cultivation patterns on weeds of wheat Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05), the same below."

Table 1

"

年份
Year		 时期
Stage		 栽培模式
Cultivation
pattern		 蚜虫
Aphid		 红蜘蛛
Red
spider		 麦叶峰
Wheat
sawfly
2019 拔节期 高畦 2.43a 17.73a 1.57a
低畦 2.07a 12.43a 0.73b
高低畦 2.25a 15.08a 1.15ab
小畦平作 1.17b 15.50a 0.77b
孕穗期 高畦 89.38a 12.80a 1.83a
低畦 51.97c 14.27a 1.63a
高低畦 70.67b 13.53a 1.73a
小畦平作 65.07b 15.23a 1.43a
穗期 高畦 137.40a － －
低畦 79.44c － －
高低畦 108.42b － －
小畦平作 95.83b － －
2020 拔节期 高畦 3.50a 1.33c 1.47a
低畦 3.08a 2.13ab 0.77bc
高低畦 3.28a 1.73bc 1.12ab
小畦平作 0.27b 2.43a 0.20c
孕穗期 高畦 13.73a 0.17b 0.07a
低畦 10.80b 0.30ab 0.07a
高低畦 12.27ab 0.23ab 0.07a
小畦平作 3.30c 0.32a 0.06a
穗期 高畦 54.07a － －
低畦 31.63b － －
高低畦 42.85ab － －
小畦平作 30.87b － －
方差分析
Variance
analysis
 年份 (Y) <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
生育时期 (S) <0.001 0.006 0.154
栽培模式 (P) <0.001 0.001 <0.001
Y×S <0.001 0.671 <0.001
Y×P <0.001 0.371 0.768
S×P <0.001 0.205 0.002
Y×S×P <0.001 0.070 0.144

Fig.3

Effects of different cultivation patterns on wheat sheath blight"

Table 2

Effects of different cultivation patterns on wheat powdery mildew and crown rot"

年份
Year		 栽培模式
Cultivation
pattern		 白粉病
Powdery mildew		 茎基腐病
Crown rot
病叶率
Disease
leaf rate
(%)		 病情
指数
Disease
index		 病株率
Disease
plant rate
(%)		 病情
指数
Disease
index
2019 高畦 5.07a 1.68a 2.70d 1.16d
低畦 4.40a 1.46a 4.90b 2.10b
高低畦 4.73a 1.57a 3.80b 1.63c
小畦平作 5.13a 1.71a 7.50a 3.21a
2020 高畦 1.15a 0.49a 1.61b 0.79b
低畦 0.83b 0.36b 3.64b 1.79b
高低畦 0.98ab 0.42ab 2.63b 1.29b
小畦平作 1.00ab 0.43ab 6.15a 3.02a
方差分析
Variance
analysis
 年份 (Y) <0.001 <0.001 0.005 0.114
栽培模式 (P) 0.231 0.191 <0.001 <0.001
年份×栽培
模式 (Y×P)		 0.706 0.780 0.995 0.987
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