Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 113-121.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.02.014

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Effects of PASP-KT-NAA and Ethylene-Chlormequat-Potassium on the Lodging Resistance, Yield, and Quality of Wheat

Sun Tong(), Yang Yushuang, Ma Ruiqi, Zhu Yingjie, Chang Xuhong(), Dong Zhiqiang(), Zhao Guangcai   

  1. Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2022-10-08 Revised:2022-11-15 Online:2024-04-15 Published:2024-04-15

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Abstract:

To investigate the effects of PASP-KT-NAA and Ethylene-Chlormequat-Potassium on the quality, yield, and lodging resistance of wheat, field experiments were conducted in the experimental garden field of the Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, from 2017 to 2018. Using a split-area experimental design, with four varieties as the main area, and PASP-KT-NAA (PKN) and Ethylene- Chlormequat-Potassium (ECK) as the sub-areas for plant growth regulator spraying frequency and water as the subregional sub-area. Before overwintering, rising phase, and heading period, wheat was sprayed once each (represented by PKN1, ECK1, and CK1), twice each (represented by PKN2, ECK2, and CK2), and three times total (represented as PKN3 and ECK3 and CK3). The findings demonstrated that, in comparison to CK, the ECK2 and ECK3 treatments significantly reduced the basal internodes, increased the stalk diameter and breaking resistance of the last fourth and fifth nodes, and improved lodging resistance of plants. In contrast, the PKN treatment had no significant effect on wheat lodging resistance. Compared to CK, the yield of four wheat varieties treated with PKN increased by 1.00% to 9.87%; yields increased by 5.51% and 9.87%, respectively, with PKN2 and PKN3 treatments. The wheat yields under the PKN1, ECK1, and ECK2 treatments did not differ significantly from that of CK, however the wheat yield under the ECK3 treatment decreased by 6.51% in comparison to CK3. In contrast to CK, PKN treatment raised glutenin to gliadin ratio, decreased the gliadin content, and increased wheat sedimentation value; PKN3 was the best in this regard; ECK2 and ECK3 significantly decreased gliadin content and increased albumin, glutenin content, and the ratio of glutenin to gliadin. Except for the Lunxuan 103, the dough development time of the other three varieties increased significantly compared to CK. In conclusion, ECK2 treatment improved the lodging resistance of wheat, improved the nutritional quality of wheat, and had no significant effects on yield; PKN2 and PKN3 treatments had no significant effects on lodging resistance, but improved yield and grain nutritional quality significantly.

Key words: PASP-KT-NAA, Ethylene-Chlormequat-Potassium, Wheat, Yield, Lodging resistance, Quality

Table 1

Effects of PKN and ECK on the plant height, spike length, and internode length of the four wheat varieties cm"

处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant
height		 穗长
Spike
length		 倒1节长
1st internode length
from bottom		 倒2节长
2nd internode
length from bottom		 倒3节长
3rd internode length
from bottom		 倒4节长
4th internode
length from bottom		 倒5节长
5th internode length
from bottom
品种Variety 中麦8号 82.0a 9.0a 25.34a 19.33a 12.14b 9.76b 4.56d
轮选103 71.7d 8.1b 20.08d 17.79b 10.68c 9.09c 6.00b
中麦86 80.4b 8.2b 21.37c 17.29b 15.45a 12.15a 6.52a
衡观35 73.4c 8.1b 22.36b 17.43b 11.89b 9.00c 5.59c
喷施次数
Spraying time		 1 77.9a 8.3a 22.29a 17.91a 12.85a 10.33a 5.94a
2 76.5b 8.4a 22.16a 18.00a 12.51ab 9.76b 5.63b
3 76.2b 8.4a 22.41a 17.97a 12.27b 9.92b 5.43b
化控剂
Chemical
regulator
 PKN 77.4a 8.3a 22.26a 18.31a 12.62a 10.27a 5.89a
ECK 75.5b 8.4a 22.42a 17.82a 12.23b 9.52b 5.04b
CK 77.7a 8.3a 22.18a 17.74a 12.78a 10.22a 6.06a

Table 2

Effects of PKN and ECK on the lodging resistance of the fifth and fourth internode from the bottom of four wheat varieties"

处理
Treatment		 倒5节5th internode from the bottom 倒4节4th internode from the bottom
茎粗
Stem diameter
(mm)		 抗折力
Breaking
resistance (N)		 抗倒指数
Lodging
resistance index		 茎粗
Stem diameter
(mm)		 抗折力
Breaking
resistance (N)		 抗倒指数
Lodging
resistance index
品种
Variety		 中麦8号 3.66c 13.16a 0.43a 4.39c 5.53c 0.21b
轮选103 4.06a 9.68c 0.38c 4.60a 6.77b 0.30a
中麦86 3.71c 7.25d 0.24d 4.22d 4.29d 0.16c
衡观35 3.98b 10.94b 0.41b 4.52b 7.06a 0.30a
喷施次数
Spraying time		 1 3.78b 9.96b 0.34b 4.31b 5.66b 0.22b
2 3.90a 10.46a 0.37a 4.50a 6.00a 0.25a
3 3.88a 10.36a 0.38a 4.49a 6.07a 0.26a
化控剂
Chemical
regulator		 PKN 3.77b 10.17b 0.34b 4.30b 5.88b 0.22b
ECK 3.99a 10.68a 0.41a 4.67a 6.23a 0.28a
CK 3.79b 9.94b 0.34b 4.33b 5.62c 0.22b

Table 3

Effects of PKN and ECK on the yield and its components of the four wheat varieties"

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 穗数
Ears number (×104/hm2)		 穗粒数
Grains per spike		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)
中麦8号Zhongmai 8 PKN1 634.23b 41.71b 32.33bc 8294.00c
ECK1 628.18c 41.72b 32.35bc 8217.46cd
CK1 632.31bc 41.83b 31.94c 8234.36cd
PKN2 647.34a 43.05a 32.53bc 8823.69b
ECK2 622.43d 41.50b 32.90b 8298.37c
CK2 633.72bc 42.03b 32.78b 8425.15c
PKN3 647.47a 43.28a 34.47a 9361.18a
ECK3 621.17d 41.27b 31.20d 7905.31d
CK3 632.79bc 41.85b 32.99b 8525.72bc
轮选103 Lunxuan 103 PKN1 620.00b 39.58bc 36.00bc 8621.53bc
ECK1 619.85b 39.31bc 36.13bc 8504.57bc
CK1 621.86b 39.15bc 35.80c 8365.09c
PKN2 634.78a 41.76a 36.01bc 9297.32a
ECK2 610.67c 39.32bc 36.71b 8552.08bc
CK2 622.82b 39.98b 36.21bc 8721.21b
PKN3 633.62a 41.50a 38.22a 9203.59a
ECK3 609.34c 38.52d 33.87d 7719.98d
CK3 621.59b 38.96cd 36.14bc 8464.98bc
中麦86 Zhongmai 86 PKN1 625.54b 41.46bc 33.18c 8264.03bc
ECK1 619.06c 41.38bc 33.16c 8193.23bc
CK1 621.28bc 41.27bc 33.07c 8090.73bc
PKN2 637.55a 42.66a 33.52bc 8894.12a
ECK2 612.69d 40.62cd 34.11b 7936.98cd
CK2 621.76bc 41.39bc 33.76bc 8383.69b
PKN3 637.56a 41.93ab 35.35a 9169.99a
ECK3 612.05d 40.22d 32.16d 7675.75d
CK3 621.91bc 40.81cd 33.64bc 8220.74bc
衡观35 Hengguan 35 PKN1 579.47cd 39.60ab 35.99bc 7954.99b
ECK1 583.07b 39.83ab 36.19bc 8094.98b
CK1 581.25bc 39.55bc 36.63b 8116.89b
PKN2 587.57a 40.50a 36.16bc 8484.65a
ECK2 576.12ef 39.06c 36.55b 7968.50b
CK2 584.49ab 39.40bc 36.18bc 8116.87b
PKN3 586.30ab 40.23ab 38.13a 8809.18a
ECK3 577.45de 39.00c 35.50c 7792.72b
CK3 575.14f 39.23c 36.24b 8048.32b

Table 4

Effects of PKN and ECK on the kernel protein components of the four wheat varieties"

处理
Treatment		 清蛋白
Albumin
(%)		 球蛋白
Globulin
(%)		 醇溶蛋白
Gliadin
(%)		 谷蛋白
Glutenin
(%)		 可溶性蛋白
Alb+GL
(%)		 贮藏蛋白
Gli+Glu
(%)		 蛋白质含量
Protein content
(%)		 谷醇比
Glu/Gli
品种Variety 中麦8号 2.29b 1.29c 3.89ab 4.36b 3.59c 8.26b 13.21b 1.12c
轮选103 2.60a 1.25c 4.00a 3.43c 3.86b 7.44c 12.69c 0.85d
中麦86 2.60a 1.58a 3.77b 5.13a 4.18a 8.91a 14.07a 1.36a
衡观35 2.30b 1.46b 3.77b 4.43b 3.77b 8.21b 13.35b 1.17b
喷施次数
Spraying time		 1 2.40a 1.39a 3.90a 4.30b 3.79a 8.20a 13.27a 1.10b
2 2.43a 1.41a 3.84a 4.34ab 3.84a 8.19a 13.25a 1.13a
3 2.53a 1.39a 3.84a 4.37a 3.92a 8.21a 13.47a 1.14a
化控剂
Chemical regulator		 PKN 2.42b 1.40a 3.90a 4.31b 3.83ab 8.22a 13.26a 1.11b
ECK 2.53a 1.38a 3.76b 4.39a 3.92a 8.16a 13.43a 1.17a
CK 2.39b 1.41a 3.92a 4.31b 3.81b 8.23a 13.29a 1.10b

Table 5

Effects of PKN and ECK on the end-use quality of wheat flour of the four wheat varieties"

处理
Treatment		 沉降值
Sedimentation
(mL)		 湿面筋含量
Wet gluten
content (%)		 吸水率
Water absorption
(%)		 形成时间
Development
time (min)		 稳定时间
Stable time
(min)
品种Variety 中麦8号 26.96b 33.29b 60.26c 3.80c 4.73c
轮选103 23.14d 31.85c 61.64b 2.88d 1.92d
中麦86 28.50a 35.22a 64.55a 7.53a 12.81a
衡观35 25.55c 33.67b 60.09c 4.12b 5.14b
喷施次数
Spraying time		 1 26.13a 33.09b 61.52b 4.53a 6.13a
2 26.06a 33.30ab 61.71a 4.60a 6.15a
3 25.92a 34.12a 61.67a 4.61a 6.17a
化控剂
Chemical regulator		 PKN 26.47a 32.93b 61.63ab 4.53b 6.12b
ECK 25.73b 34.04a 61.51b 4.62a 6.21a
CK 25.91b 33.55a 61.76a 4.59ab 6.12b
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