Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 251-258.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.04.032

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Effects of Different Varieties and Nitrogen Application Rate on Border Effect, Yield, and Water Use Efficiency of Spring Wheat under Ridge Tillage with Drill Sowing

Luo Xinggang1(), Wan Haiyuan1, An Lirong1, Li Yonghai1, Luo Xingyu1, Zhang Xuekai1, Liang Weiyun1, Zhu Jianqiang2()   

  1. 1Jinta County Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jiuquan 735000, Gansu, China
    2Jiuquan Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Jiuquan 735000, Gansu, China
  • Received:2024-04-08 Revised:2024-06-27 Online:2025-08-15 Published:2025-08-12

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Abstract:

To explore the effects of different spring wheat varieties and nitrogen application on the growth of border rows and the inter-row competition mechanism under ridge tillage with drill sowing, aiming to achieve high yield and efficiency in ridge-tilled spring wheat, a randomized block experiment was conducted. The spring wheat varieties Longchun 42 and Wuchun 10 were used, with four nitrogen application levels including 0 (N0), 180 (N1), 210 (N2), and 240 kg/ha (N3) to study their effects on border row advantage, water consumption, yield, and water use efficiency. The results showed that variety and nitrogen application significantly affected the border row advantage, and the order was border row > adjacent row > middle row. Longchun 42 exhibited higher border row yield and plot yield than Wuchun 10. Nitrogen application rate significantly affected the growth of wheat in different rows. Under different varieties and nitrogen application conditions, wheat plant height, leaf area index, chlorophyll content, root dry weight, dry matter per plant, 1000-grain weight, and yield per plant all showed significant border row advantages. As the nitrogen application rate increased, the border row advantage index showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Longchun 42 and Wuchun 10 varieties had the most significant border row advantage in yield per plant under N2 conditions, with border row increasing yield by 26.84% and 30.63% compared to the middle row, respectively. As nitrogen application increased, water consumption tended to rise, and the maximum yield and water use efficiency were observed under the N2 treatment. Compared to the N0 treatment, the water use efficiency of Longchun 42 and Wuchun 10 increased by 23.05% and 20.51% under N2 treatment, respectively. To sum up, under ridge tillage with drill sowing, both spring wheat Longchun 42 and Wuchun 10 with the nitrogen application rate of 210 kg/ha (N2) significantly enhanced the wheat border row advantage, however, Longchun 42 exhibited higher grain yield and water use efficiency under this treatment.

Key words: Spring wheat, Variety, Border effect, Yield, Water use efficiency

Fig.1

Temperature and precipitation in Jinta County, Jiuquan City in 2022"

Fig.2

Schematic diagram of wheat ridge tillage with drill sowing in field"

Table 1

Effects of different varieties and nitrogen application rates on the border row advantage of wheat plant height, LAI and SPAD values"

指标
Index		 品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 位置Location 边行优势指数Border row advantage index (%)
边行
Border row		 次边行
Adjacent row		 中间行
Middle row		 边行
Border row		 次边行
Adjacent row
株高
Plant height (cm)		 陇春42号 N0 65.30c 61.95d 60.80d 7.40b 1.89a
N1 79.47bc 74.97c 73.30c 8.42a 2.28a
N2 82.65b 79.40b 77.65b 6.52b 2.28a
N3 85.40a 82.90a 82.05a 4.08c 1.04b
武春10号 N0 61.20c 59.60c 56.85d 7.65a 4.84b
N1 77.27b 74.10b 71.10c 8.68a 4.22b
N2 80.77a 78.60a 74.10b 9.00a 6.07a
N3 81.85a 79.10a 76.10a 7.56a 3.94b
LAI 陇春42号 N0 1.36c 1.21c 1.17c 16.89b 4.14c
N1 1.78b 1.53b 1.45b 22.74b 5.17c
N2 1.97a 1.73a 1.59a 23.90a 9.02b
N3 2.01a 1.78a 1.69a 18.91b 5.57a
武春10号 N0 1.30c 1.27c 1.21b 7.69b 5.29b
N1 1.66b 1.56b 1.48a 12.54ab 5.90b
N2 1.77a 1.70a 1.53a 15.39a 10.69a
N3 1.70a 1.64a 1.51a 12.41ab 8.32a
SPAD 陇春42号 N0 53.80b 52.50b 51.53b 4.41b 1.88c
N1 60.17a 58.17a 55.00a 9.40a 5.76a
N2 60.52a 59.38a 57.10a 5.99b 3.99b
N3 58.97a 58.77a 56.83a 3.77c 3.41b
武春10号 N0 51.87b 51.15b 50.40b 2.91b 1.48b
N1 56.72a 55.97a 54.20a 4.65a 3.23a
N2 57.93a 57.20a 56.60a 2.35b 1.06b
N3 57.05a 56.34a 55.97a 1.93b 0.66b

Table 2

Effects of nitrogen application rates on the border row advantage of root dry weight, dry matter accumulation, yield and 1000-grain weight in different varieties"

指标
Index		 品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 位置Location 边行优势指数Border row advantage index (%)
边行
Border row		 次边行
Adjacent row		 中间行
Middle row		 边行
Border row		 次边行
Adjacent row
单株根干重
Root dry weight
per plant (g)
 陇春42号 N0 0.53c 0.51b 0.51b 3.96b 1.58b
N1 0.54bc 0.53b 0.51b 5.85a 2.73a
N2 0.61a 0.58a 0.57a 6.13a 2.28a
N3 0.57b 0.55b 0.54b 5.76a 1.86b
武春10号 N0 0.50a 0.50a 0.49a 1.02b 0.41c
N1 0.51a 0.51a 0.50a 2.20b 1.20b
N2 0.53a 0.51a 0.49a 7.51a 3.65a
N3 0.51a 0.48a 0.47b 8.89a 1.69b
单株干物质量
Dry matter accumulation
per plant (g)
 陇春42号 N0 2.36c 2.21c 2.17c 8.76c 1.34c
N1 2.78b 2.54b 2.47b 12.55b 2.83b
N2 3.01a 2.84a 2.61b 15.32a 8.81a
N3 3.17a 2.96a 2.85a 11.22b 3.86b
武春10号 N0 1.88d 1.79b 1.73b 8.84d 3.60c
N1 2.07c 1.85b 1.77b 16.86c 4.75c
N2 2.25b 2.11ab 1.89a 18.89a 11.72a
N3 2.43a 2.26a 2.08a 16.61b 8.45b
千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 陇春42号 N0 42.70b 42.38b 42.12b 1.38a 0.62a
N1 42.82b 42.40b 42.20b 1.47a 0.47a
N2 43.33a 43.17a 43.07a 1.07a 0.46a
N3 43.28a 43.07a 43.12a 0.72a 0.23a
武春10号 N0 41.98b 41.85b 41.49a 1.25b 0.94b
N1 42.33ab 42.10a 41.70a 1.37b 0.96b
N2 42.57a 42.32a 41.75a 1.96a 1.36a
N3 42.11ab 41.85b 41.77a 0.81c 0.19c
单株产量
Yield per plant (g)		 陇春42号 N0 1.17c 1.13c 1.00c 17.03c 13.82c
N1 1.43b 1.34b 1.16b 23.24b 15.15b
N2 1.56a 1.44a 1.23a 26.84a 16.73a
N3 1.57a 1.45a 1.24a 26.47a 16.60a
武春10号 N0 0.94c 0.85d 0.75c 25.58c 13.25c
N1 1.20b 1.08c 0.94b 27.73b 14.55b
N2 1.32a 1.18b 1.01a 30.63a 16.40a
N3 1.36a 1.23a 1.06a 28.83b 16.07a

Fig.3

Changes in water consumption at different growth stages of two spring wheat varieties under different nitrogen application rates"

Table 3

The effects of different varieties and nitrogen application rates on yield and water use efficiency of spring wheat"

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 总灌水量
Irrigation water amount (m3/hm2)		 降水量
Precipitation (mm)		 总耗水量
Total water consumption (mm)		 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)		 WUE
[kg/(hm2·mm)]
陇春42号
Longchun 42		 N0 2400 59.3 433.96d 5348.38c 12.32c
N1 2400 59.3 453.98c 6466.53b 14.24b
N2 2400 59.3 486.99b 7383.79a 15.16a
N3 2400 59.3 502.08a 7436.63a 14.81ab
武春10号
Wuchun 10		 N0 2400 59.3 395.39d 4646.24c 11.75c
N1 2400 59.3 427.38c 5537.11b 12.96b
N2 2400 59.3 442.78b 6270.22a 14.16a
N3 2400 59.3 457.16a 6404.86a 14.01a
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