Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 108-115.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.03.015

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Study on the Effect of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Synergists on Reducing Gaseous Nitrogen Loss and Increasing Yield in Wheat Field of Northern Henan

He Yunxia(), Ma Jianhui, Zhang Daijing, Liu Donghua, Chao Xiaoyan, Chen Huiping, Li Chunxi()   

  1. College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
  • Received:2024-03-07 Revised:2024-04-09 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-06-03

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Abstract:

In order to investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer synergists on gaseous nitrogen loss and yield increase in wheat fields of northern Henan, nine nitrogen application measures were set up, including no fertilizer+no synergist (CK), 20% nitrogen reduction+no synergist (U1), normal application of nitrogen+no synergist (U2), 20% nitrogen reduction+1% of pure nitrogen amount of urease inhibitor (NBPT) (T1), 20% nitrogen reduction+1% of pure nitrogen amount of nitrification inhibitor (DMPP) (T2), 20% nitrogen reduction+1/2NBPT+1/2DMPP (T3), normal application of nitrogen+1% of pure nitrogen amount of NBPT (T4), normal application of nitrogen+1% of pure nitrogen amount of DMPP (T5), and normal application of nitrogen+1/2NBPT+1/2DMPP (T6). The results showed that the yields at the same N application level were all higher in the T3 and T6 treatments than those in the other treatments; during the wheat growth period, compared with the U2 treatment, T3 and T6 increased the soil NH4+ content by 12.23%-36.10% and 0.72%-49.47%, the leaf area index by 7.79%-21.32% and 10.08%-49.54%, and the dry matter accumulation by 20.32%-35.25% and 13.56%-40.43%; reduced soil NO3- contents 6.51%-34.56% and 5.47%-40.20%, N2O discharge flux 31.73%- 72.53% and 24.63%-67.84%, and reduced cumulative N2O discharge flux 32.89% and 26.67%, all improved the efficiency of N fertilizer utilization. Therefore, the combination of 20% nitrogen reduction with urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions without reducing yield, which is conducive to the green and efficient production of winter wheat.

Key words: Wheat, Nitrogen fertilizer synergists, Ammonium nitrogen, Nitrate nitrogen, Leaf area index, Dry matter accumulation, Yield

Table 1

Different treatments of fertilization schemes kg/hm2"

处理Treatment 肥料Fertilizer N P2O5 K2O NBPT DMPP
CK 不施肥、不施增效剂 0 0 0 0 0
U1 减氮20%、不施增效剂 192 150 90 0 0
U2 正常施氮、不施增效剂 240 150 90 0 0
T1 减氮20%、纯氮量的1% NBPT 192 150 90 2.4 0
T2 减氮20%、纯氮量的1% DMPP 192 150 90 0 2.4
T3 减氮20%、1/2 NBPT+1/2 DMPP 192 150 90 1.2 1.2
T4 正常施氮、纯氮量的1% NBPT 240 150 90 2.4 0
T5 正常施氮、纯氮量的1% DMPP 240 150 90 0 2.4
T6 正常施氮、1/2 NBPT+1/2 DMPP 240 150 90 1.2 1.2

Fig.1

Effects of different nitrogen fertilizer synergists on LAI of wheat The different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at P < 0.05 level, the same below."

Fig.2

Effects of different nitrogen fertilizer synergists on the dry matter accumulation of wheat"

Fig.3

Effects of different nitrogen fertilizer synergists on NH4+ contents in soil"

Fig.4

Effects of different nitrogen fertilizer synergists on NO3? contents in soil"

Fig.5

Effects of different nitrogen fertilizer synergists on N2O in wheat"

Table 2

Effects of different nitrogen fertilizer synergists on wheat yield and its components"

处理Treatment 穗数Spike number (/m2) 穗粒数Grains per spike 千粒重1000-grain weight (g) 产量Yield (kg/hm2)
CK 515.00±9.00f 45.67±7.62ab 34.38±0.11de 7025.68±551.37d
U1 639.00±14.73e 47.33±5.03ab 35.54±0.41bcd 9357.55±211.92c
U2 667.67±6.53cd 47.67±1.53ab 36.63±0.46b 10 140.44±190.63bc
T1 671.00±8.13cd 52.00±4.36a 35.19±0.61cd 10 684.44±377.56bc
T2 655.67±12.34de 49.00±1.73ab 33.55±0.34e 9380.92±523.68c
T3 734.33±12.66ab 51.67±1.53a 35.24±1.24cd 11 645.77±422.98ab
T4 683.33±11.50c 45.67±1.15ab 38.04±0.66a 10 324.85±263.74bc
T5 718.00±18.33b 43.00±2.65b 37.99±0.97a 10 208.97±236.57bc
T6 743.33±6.03a 52.33±3.06a 36.19±0.78bc 12 303.94±378.05a

Table 3

Effects of different nitrogen fertilizer synergists on nitrogen use efficiency of wheat"

处理
Treatment		 氮素偏生产力
NPFP (kg/kg)		 氮肥农学效率
NAE (kg/kg)		 氮素收获指数
NHI (%)
CK － － 61.64±1.63c
U1 48.74±0.59cd 12.15±1.15b 64.30±0.19bc
U2 42.25±0.79d 10.60±0.03b 64.64±0.68bc
T1 55.65±0.09ab 19.06±0.40a 69.07±0.20a
T2 48.86±0.72cd 12.27±0.14b 63.38±0.95c
T3 60.66±0.80a 24.06±1.02a 64.40±0.59bc
T4 43.02±1.10d 11.37±0.37b 65.10±0.99bc
T5 42.54±0.49d 10.89±0.94b 61.34±0.59c
T6 51.27±0.58bc 19.62±0.51a 67.98±0.70ab
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