Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 225-230.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.06.028

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Effects of Different Topdressing Ratios of Potassium Fertilizer on the Growth, Yield and Quality of Honghuadajinyuan and Yunyan 300

Xia Yulan1(), Zhao Yuanyuan1, Li Juan2, Wang Dexun2(), Wang Tingting1, Yang Chengwei2, Shi Hongzhi1()   

  1. 1 College of Tobacco of Henan Agricultural University / Research Center for Tobacco Agriculture Harm Reduction, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
    2 Yunnan Tobacco Company Dali Prefecture Company, Dali 671000, Yunnan, China
  • Received:2024-06-04 Revised:2024-07-19 Online:2025-12-15 Published:2025-12-12

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Abstract:

In order to explore the differences in growth, yield and quality of the new flue-cured tobacco variety Yunyan 300 with Honghuadajinyuan, and to find out the ratio of potassium fertilizer topdressing suitable for Yunyan 300, Honghuadajinyuan and Yunyan 300 were used as materials, and the treatment without topdressing potassium sulfate was set as the control. Different ratio of potassium were applied to roots at 20, 40 and 50 days after rosette (CK=0:0:0; T1=5:4:1; T2=3:4:3; T3=1:4:5), and a total of eight treatments were set. The results showed that, with the increase of the ratio of potassium fertilizer topdressing 20 days after rosette, the plant height, stem girth, bottom leaf length, bottom leaf width, cutter leaf length, cutter leaf width, single leaf weight, leaf density, reducing sugar content, total sugar content, potassium content, potassium- to-chloride ratio, yield, output value, average price and the proportion of middle and high tobacco of Honghuadajinyuan and Yunyan 300 all showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Under T2 treatment, compared with Honghuadajinyuan, the plant height, top leaf width, single leaf weight, reducing sugar content, total sugar content, potassium-to- chloride ratio and output value of Yunyan 300 increased by 5.74%, 4.24%, 3.81%, 5.04%, 4.05%, 4.78% and 3.08%, respectively, and nicotine and chlorine content decreased by 11.79% and 3.45%, respectively. In summary, the growth, yield and quality of Honghuadajinyuan and Yunyan 300 were the best under the treatment of the top dressing of potassium fertilizer=3:4:3 treatment. The part of agronomic traits, physical properties, chemical composition and economic traits of Yunyan 300 were better under the same top dressing ratio of potassium fertilizer.

Key words: Potassium fertilizer, Flue-cured tobacco, Honghuadajinyuan, Yunyan 300, Topdressing ratios of potassium fertilizer, Growth, Yield, Quality

Table 1

Experiment design %"

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 追肥比例Topdressing ratio
团棵后20 d
20 days after
rosette		 团棵后40 d
40 days after
rosette		 团棵后50 d
50 days after
rosette
红花大金元
Honghuadajinyuan		 HCK 0 0 0
H1 50 40 10
H2 30 40 30
H3 10 40 50
云烟300
Yunyan 300		 YCK 0 0 0
Y1 50 40 10
Y2 30 40 30
Y3 10 40 50

Table 2

Effects of different topdressing ratios of potassium fertilizer on agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco"

处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 茎围
Stem girth
(cm)		 底叶长
Bottom leaf
length (cm)		 底叶宽
Bottom leaf
width (cm)		 腰叶长
Cutter leaf
length (cm)		 腰叶宽
Cutter leaf
width (cm)		 顶叶长
Top leaf
length (cm)		 顶叶宽
Top leaf
width (cm)		 叶片数
Number
of leaves
HCK 125.90±1.10d 10.07±0.35c 69.83±0.81c 32.00±0.65c 74.57±1.20d 30.07±0.13c 60.83±1.19d 20.83±0.40c 19.00±0.65b
H1 129.37±1.01b 10.63±0.25b 73.76±1.00b 34.53±0.24b 78.13±1.17b 35.27±1.43a 69.07±0.92a 23.57±0.50a 20.00±0.36ab
H2 135.17±1.68a 11.00±0.34a 75.80±0.68a 36.27±0.87a 80.27±0.32a 36.68±1.20a 65.63±0.95b 22.90±0.86b 20.00±0.82a
H3 127.73±1.67c 10.33±0.05bc 74.03±1.13b 35.47±1.42ab 76.20±1.39c 32.37±0.49b 64.27±0.94c 21.13±0.52c 20.00±0.08a
YCK 127.20±0.62d 10.03±0.10c 72.30±0.54c 32.70±1.19c 74.63±0.33d 29.23±0.15c 63.17±0.28d 20.00±0.64d 19.00±0.32c
Y1 129.70±0.94c 10.93±0.30a 75.30±0.78b 34.80±0.95b 78.70±1.44b 35.50±0.06a 69.73±1.04a 22.37±0.28b 20.00±0.33b
Y2 142.93±1.26a 11.23±0.33a 77.07±0.55a 36.74±1.40a 80.53±0.98a 37.10±1.49a 66.73±1.05b 23.87±0.77a 21.00±0.37a
Y3 133.53±1.16b 10.33±0.11b 75.57±1.06b 35.63±0.30ab 76.40±0.54c 32.63±0.78b 65.53±0.14c 21.33±0.72c 20.00±0.14b

Fig.1

Effect of different topdressing ratios of potassium fertilizer on SPAD values of flue-cured tobacco Different lowercase letters among different treatments indicate significant differences at the P < 0.05 level."

Table 3

Effect of different topdressing ratios of potassium fertilizer on economic traits of flue-cured tobacco"

处理
Treatment		 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)		 产值（元/hm2）
Output value (yuan/hm2)		 均价（元/kg）
Mean price (yuan/kg)		 中上等烟比例
Proportion of medium and high quality tobacco (%)
HCK 2225.96±42.35d 65 238.57±479.43d 29.31±0.34d 78.50±1.18d
H1 2601.30±51.01b 86 370.37±654.94b 33.21±0.40b 85.28±0.59b
H2 2786.49±37.61a 95 174.77±498.29a 34.16±0.28a 86.35±1.19a
H3 2564.01±26.40c 82 994.02±625.24c 32.37±0.09c 83.13±0.45c
YCK 2317.18±55.01d 68 612.82±412.61d 29.62±0.53d 79.89±0.36d
Y1 2636.10±40.08b 88 327.50±611.53b 33.51±0.28b 86.37±0.04b
Y2 2842.41±51.17a 98 101.57±628.05a 34.52±0.40a 87.93±1.06a
Y3 2578.93±30.77c 84 596.56±507.42c 32.81±0.19c 84.39±0.66c

Table 4

Effects of different topdressing ratios of potassium fertilizer on the physical properties of middle leaves of flue-cured tobacco"

处理
Treatment		 叶长
Leaf length (cm)		 叶宽
Leaf width (cm)		 叶面积
Leaf area (cm2)		 单叶重
Single leaf weight (g)		 叶质重
Leaf density (g/m2)		 含梗率
Midrib ratio (%)
HCK 66.60±0.57d 23.70±0.88d 1001.83±45.71d 11.66±0.27d 84.95±0.60d 29.91±0.24a
H1 71.24±0.44b 26.62±0.38b 1203.38±24.81b 13.28±0.17b 91.39±0.44b 28.24±0.23c
H2 73.28±0.48a 28.86±0.30a 1341.97±22.88a 14.59±0.28a 95.67±0.27a 27.15±0.25d
H3 70.12±0.45c 25.62±0.89c 1140.12±47.07c 12.82±0.10c 88.65±0.64c 29.24±0.27b
YCK 68.62±0.43c 24.22±0.78d 1054.56±35.80d 12.87±0.27d 89.54±0.48d 31.54±0.16a
Y1 71.24±0.18b 28.43±0.26a 1285.12±15.16a 13.61±0.31b 94.01±0.73b 27.92±0.20c
Y2 73.59±0.51a 26.58±0.37b 1241.22±25.98b 14.78±0.27a 99.31±0.42a 26.48±0.28d
Y3 70.60±0.56b 25.78±0.75c 1155.10±42.87c 13.18±0.18c 91.44±0.36c 29.01±0.30b

Table 5

Effects of different topdressing ratios of potassium fertilizer on chemical composition of middle leaves of flue-cured tobacco"

处理
Treatment		 烟碱含量
Nicotine
content (%)		 还原糖含量
Reducing sugar
content (%)		 总糖含量
Total sugar
content (%)		 总氮含量
Total nitrogen
content (%)		 钾含量
Potassium
content (%)		 氯含量
Chlorine
content (%)		 钾氯比
Potassium-to-
chloride ratio
HCK 3.07±0.07a 19.80±0.52d 25.70±0.28d 2.04±0.04a 1.62±0.03c 0.40±0.08a 4.23±0.87c
H1 2.52±0.02b 22.80±0.17b 31.20±0.34b 1.63±0.01b 1.98±0.06b 0.32±0.02ab 6.20±0.28b
H2 2.29±0.01c 23.80±0.15a 32.10±0.27a 1.56±0.04c 2.11±0.02a 0.29±0.03b 7.33±0.62a
H3 2.63±0.10b 21.70±0.46c 30.00±0.53c 1.69±0.01b 1.96±0.07b 0.34±0.01ab 5.76±0.00b
YCK 3.14±0.01a 19.50±0.31d 25.60±0.57c 2.19±0.08a 1.67±0.04d 0.38±0.01a 4.39±0.04d
Y1 2.17±0.07c 24.40±0.26b 32.80±0.25a 1.60±0.04c 2.07±0.06b 0.31±0.01c 6.75±0.15b
Y2 2.02±0.02d 25.00±0.08a 33.40±0.52a 1.52±0.01d 2.15±0.04a 0.28±0.01d 7.68±0.07a
Y3 2.55±0.05b 23.90±0.12c 31.30±0.22b 1.68±0.06b 2.00±0.08c 0.33±0.02b 6.06±0.06c

Table 6

Effects of different topdressing ratios of potassium fertilizer on sensory quality of middle leaves of flue-cured tobacco"

处理
Treatment		 香气质
Aroma
quality (9-0)		 香气量
Aroma
quantity (9-0)		 浓度
Concentration
(9-0)		 杂气
Offensive
odor (9-0)		 劲头
Stiffness
(9-0)		 刺激性
Irritancy
(9-0)		 余味
Aftertaste
(9-0)		 甜度
Sweetness
(9-0)		 燃烧性
Flammability
(4-0)		 总分
Total point
HCK 6.70±0.25c 6.20±0.14b 6.40±0.26c 6.30±0.12c 5.40±0.14c 6.50±0.23b 6.30±0.04c 6.60±0.01b 3.00±0.05d 53.40±1.22d
H1 7.10±0.16ab 6.50±0.02a 6.70±0.20ab 6.50±0.17ab 5.60±0.09b 6.70±0.09ab 6.50±0.04ab 6.90±0.01ab 3.30±0.12b 55.80±0.90b
H2 7.30±0.10a 6.60±0.23a 6.80±0.07a 6.60±0.03a 5.80±0.00a 6.80±0.06a 6.60±0.09a 7.00±0.23a 3.50±0.05a 57.00±0.86a
H3 6.90±0.04bc 6.40±0.25ab 6.50±0.04bc 6.40±0.18bc 5.50±0.05bc 6.60±0.24ab 6.40±0.14bc 6.80±0.22ab 3.20±0.07c 54.70±1.22c
YCK 6.80±0.17c 6.20±0.19d 6.30±0.10b 6.30±0.01c 5.40±0.20c 6.60±0.00b 6.30±0.22b 6.70±0.21c 3.20±0.07d 53.80±1.17d
Y1 7.30±0.29b 6.40±0.11b 6.50±0.23b 6.50±0.16ab 5.60±0.07ab 6.90±0.10a 6.50±0.02ab 7.00±0.12b 3.50±0.05b 56.20±1.14b
Y2 7.50±0.29a 6.80±0.15a 6.80±0.01a 6.60±0.12a 5.70±0.12a 7.00±0.27a 6.60±0.08a 7.20±0.15a 3.60±0.08a 57.80±1.27a
Y3 7.20±0.19b 6.30±0.18c 6.40±0.04b 6.40±0.14bc 5.50±0.15bc 6.80±0.12ab 6.40±0.18ab 6.90±0.10b 3.40±0.13c 55.30±1.23c
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