Crops ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 170-175.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.04.026

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Effects of Different Rotation Patterns on Dry Matter Accumulation, Disease Occurrence and Yield of Potato

Zhang Haibin1,Meng Meilian1,Liu Kunyu1,Zhang Lingxiang1,Chen Youjun2   

  1. 1 Agricultural College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, Inner Mongolia, China
    2 College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, Inner Mongolia, China
  • Received:2019-01-15 Revised:2019-06-09 Online:2019-08-15 Published:2019-08-06
  • Contact: Meilian Meng,Youjun Chen

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Abstract:

A fixed-point test was carried out in the northern foothills of Yinshan, Inner Mongolia, to compare and analyze the effects of different crop rotation patterns on dry matter accumulation, disease occurrence and yield of potato. The results showed that the dry matter accumulation of the organs, the highest dry matter accumulation rate of the whole plant, the maximum dry matter accumulation amount of the whole plant and the yield were the most in the rotation mode of green manure spring turn→green manure summer turn→potato (LcLxM). The dry matter accumulation of leaves, stems and tubers of LcLxM increased by 22.57%, 24.83% and 23.42%, respectively compared with sunflower→sunflower→potato rotation mode. The highest dry matter accumulation rate of the whole plant increased by 28.09%, the maximum dry matter accumulation of the whole plant increased by 33.07%, and the yield increased by 15.46% followed by the green manure spring turn→green manure spring turn→potato treatment (LcLcM). The disease index and the incidence rate of several diseases of potato were the lowest in sunflower→sunflower→potato rotation mode, and the incidence of early blight disease index and plant blight decreased by 39.99% and 76.40%, respectively compared with LcLxM. The disease index of tuber black smut and scab disease was 93.38% and 87.98% lower than that of LcLcM, respectively. The oat→sunflower→potato rotation pattern was moderately affected. LcLcM and LcLxM had the highest disease occurrence. It was concluded: under the conditions of the climate and soil in northern foot of Yinshan, Inner Mongolia, the most suitable crop rotation mode in potato production is green manure spring turn→green manure summer turn→potato, followed by green manure spring turn→green manure spring turn→potato.

Key words: Crop rotation pattern, Potato, Dry matter accumulation, Disease occurrence, Yield

"

器官
Organ		 处理
Treatment		 出苗后天数Days after emergence (d) 平均值
Average
15 30 45 60 80
叶片Leaf LcLxM 3.45 9.34 20.48 28.24 33.82 19.06a
LcLcM 2.68 8.71 19.87 25.60 30.22 17.42b
XXM 2.61 7.42 16.46 22.99 28.34 15.55c
YXM 2.75 7.12 18.70 24.89 30.06 16.70bc
茎Stem LcLxM 1.62 5.49 13.33 20.88 23.54 12.97a
LcLcM 1.33 5.01 12.57 18.87 21.63 11.88b
XXM 1.10 4.46 10.40 17.17 18.78 10.39c
YXM 1.12 4.40 12.02 17.82 21.95 11.46b
块茎Tuber LcLxM 0.00 6.50 24.83 70.23 163.73 66.30a
LcLcM 0.00 5.96 23.16 65.72 153.80 62.16b
XXM 0.00 5.28 19.66 59.65 130.30 53.72c
YXM 0.00 5.05 22.03 63.92 151.69 60.68b

"

处理
Treatment		 出苗后天数 Days after emergence (d)
15 30 45 60 80
LcLxM 5.07 21.33 58.64 119.35 221.09
LcLcM 4.01 19.68 55.60 110.19 205.65
XXM 3.71 17.16 46.52 99.81 177.42
YXM 3.87 16.57 52.75 106.63 203.70

Table 3

Dynamic model of dry matter accumulation in potato under different rotation patterns"

处理
Treatment		 回归方程
Regression equation		 复相关系数
R2		 最大干物质积累速率[g/(株·d)]
The maximum of dry matter
accumulation rate [g/(plant·d)]		 最大干物质积累速率出现时间(d)
Appears time of the maximum of dry
matter accumulation rate
LcLxM Y=299.764/（1+e4.675-0.071X） 0.999 5** 2.28 65.8
LcLcM Y=281.355/（1+e4.650-0.071X） 0.999 0** 2.15 65.5
XXM Y=225.268/（1+e4.806-0.076X） 0.999 8** 1.78 63.2
YXM Y=278.261/（1+e4.807-0.073X） 0.998 9** 2.11 65.8

Table 4

Effects of different rotation patterns on dry matter distribution rate of potato organs %"

器官
Organ		 处理
Treatment		 出苗后天数(d)
Days after emergence		 平均值
Average
15 30 45 60 80
LcLxM 68.05 43.69 34.87 23.64 15.29 37.11a
叶片 LcLcM 66.53 44.06 35.73 23.26 14.67 36.85a
Leaf XXM 70.18 43.13 35.36 23.05 15.96 37.54a
YXM 71.01 42.89 35.42 23.35 14.76 37.49a
LcLxM 31.95 25.74 22.76 17.49 10.66 21.72a
茎Stem LcLcM 33.47 25.50 22.61 17.12 10.50 21.84a
XXM 29.82 26.04 22.39 17.19 10.58 21.21a
YXM 28.99 26.58 22.80 16.71 10.79 21.17a
LcLxM 0.00 30.57 42.36 58.86 74.05 41.17a
块茎 LcLcM 0.00 30.44 41.65 59.62 74.83 41.31a
Tuber XXM 0.00 30.82 42.25 59.76 73.46 41.26a
YXM 0.00 30.53 41.78 59.94 74.46 41.34a

Table 5

Effects of different rotation patterns on the occurrence of potato diseases"

处理
Treatment		 植株早疫病病情指数
Plant early blight
disease index		 植株枯萎病发病率(%)
Plant wilt disease incidence		 块茎黑痣病病情指数
Tuber black scurf
disease index		 块茎疮痂病病情指数
Tuber scab disease
index		 块茎枯萎病发病率(%)
Tuber wilt disease
incidence
60d 80d
LcLxM 15.28a 0.00a 13.90a 2.87b 0.16b 20.74a
LcLcM 11.39bc 0.00a 0.00b 5.74a 1.83a 13.82b
XXM 9.17c 0.00a 3.28b 0.38d 0.22b 12.64b
YXM 13.61ab 0.00a 1.60b 1.74c 0.26b 6.03c

Table 6

Effects of different rotation patterns on potato yield and yield components"

处理Treatment 产量Yield (kg/hm2) 商品薯率Commercial potato rate (%) 单株结薯数Tuber number per plant 单个块茎重Weight per tuber (g)
LcLxM 48 722a 70.77bc 5.79a 178.03a
LcLcM 47 344b 78.17a 5.29a 173.20a
XXM 42 198d 73.56b 5.63a 146.92b
YXM 44 078c 68.49c 5.66a 154.14b
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