Crops ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 164-169.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.04.025

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Effects of Different Straw Return Modes on Nitrogen Absorption and Utilization of Super Rice in Northern China

Cui Yuefeng1,Sun Guocai1,Lu Tiegang1,Wang Guiyan1,Wang Jian1,Huang Wenjia1,Luan Helin2   

  1. 1 Tieling Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tieling 112616, Liaoning, China
    2 Tieling Inspection Center of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Tieling 112000, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2019-01-16 Revised:2019-06-06 Online:2019-08-15 Published:2019-08-06
  • Contact: Tiegang Lu

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Abstract:

The super rice in Northern China ‘Shennong 265’ was used to study the N use efficiency under straw and biochar addition on soil. The results showed that: straw application improved the nitrogen content of leaf and stem in mid-growing stage, reduced nitrogen accumulation of panicle, decreased nitrogen recovery efficiency, physiological efficiency and agronomic efficiency by 5.28%, 11.65% and 16.19%, respectively, thereby reduced the yield. A small amount of biochar addition was helpful to improve the nitrogen content of leaf and stem, and nitrogen accumulation of panicle in the late growth stage, increased nitrogen recovery efficiency and agronomic efficiency by 6.02% and 7.71%, respectively, and had a positive effect on yield. A large amount of biochar decreased nitrogen content of leaf, stem and panicle, reduced nitrogen recovery efficiency by 34.31%, but increased the nitrogen physiological efficiency by 45.62%, and had a negative effect on yield. Straw and large amount of biochar can inhibit the absorption of nitrogen and have a negative effect on yield of rice, however a small amount of biochar can improve the utilization rate of nitrogen and yield.

Key words: Straw return to soil, Biochar, Super rice, Nitrogen utilization rate

Table 1

Major physical and chemical properties of straw and biochar used in this study"

指标Index N (%) P (%) K (%) C (%) pH
秸秆Straw 0.87 0.45 2.04 50.36 6.93
生物炭Biochar 1.28 0.73 1.46 63.27 9.02

Fig.1

Effects of straw and biochar addition on N content of leaf in different growth stages Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference between treatments in the same growth stage (P<0.05), the same below"

Fig.2

Effects of straw and biochar addition on N content of stem in different growth stages"

Fig.3

Effects of straw and biochar addition on N content of panicle in different growth stages"

Fig.4

Effects of straw and biochar addition on N accumulation amount of leaf in different growth stages"

Fig.5

Effects of straw and biochar addition on N accumulation amount of stem in different growth stages"

Fig.6

Effects of straw and biochar addition on N accumulation amount of panicle in different growth stages"

Table 2

Changes in nitrogen use efficiency and yield under straw and biochar addition"

处理
Treatment		 氮素回收率
NRE (%)		 氮素收获指数
NHI (kg/kg)		 氮素生理利用率
NPE (kg/kg)		 氮肥农学利用率
NAE (kg/kg)		 氮肥偏生产力
NPP (kg/kg)		 子粒产量
Grain yield (kg/hm2)
CK 36.63±0.62b 64.10±1.15ab 30.62±0.81b 11.20±0.46a 39.62±0.37a 8 318.33±134.28ab
S 34.70±0.42c 62.56±1.41b 27.05±1.39c 9.39±0.46b 37.77±0.35b 7 933.13±126.93c
C1 38.84±0.43a 64.31±0.67ab 31.05±0.88b 12.06±0.30a 40.45±0.52a 8 494.87±191.88a
C2 24.06±0.23d 65.74±0.39a 44.58±0.48a 10.72±0.21ab 39.14±0.31ab 8 216.10±105.96b

Table 3

Changes of effect intensity in nitrogen use efficiency under straw and biochar addition %"

处理Treatment 氮素回收率NRE 氮素收获指数NHI 氮素生理利用率NPE 氮肥农学利用率NAE 氮肥偏生产力NPP
S -5.28±2.51b -2.40±3.51b -11.65±1.78b -16.19±6.05b -4.29±1.78b
C1 6.02±1.41a -0.33±2.65a 1.40±1.91b 7.71±6.83a 2.09±1.91a
C2 -34.31±2.69c -2.56±3.04a 45.62±0.66a -4.29±2.11ab -1.22±0.66ab
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