Crops ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 56-61.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.05.008

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Study on Inheritance of Main Ornamental Characteristics in Hybrid Progenies of Ornamental Sunflower with Different Flower Colors

Liu Jixia(), Shan Junjian(), Wang Ping   

  1. Crop Institute of Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
  • Received:2021-09-21 Revised:2021-12-13 Online:2022-10-15 Published:2022-10-19

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Abstract:

In order to understand the inheritance of main ornamental traits in the hybrid progeny of ornamental sunflower with different flower colors. The ornamental sunflowers with yellow and white ligulate flower were used as parents to reciprocal cross and F1 self-cross to obtain F2 flower color separation population. The separation of flower color and stigma color of the offspring of the two populations, and the genetic variation of seven traits including plant height, disk diameter, number of blades, number of lingual petals, number of branches, stigma color and color of lingual petal were analyzed. The results showed that the ligulate flower of F1 of the two populations were yellow, and four flower colors were isolated from the F2, indicating that the parental yellow controlled by multiple genes, belonged to quantitative and qualitative traits. The stigma color of F1 was purple, and F2 were green and purple, with a separation ratio of about 1:3, which conformed to Mendelian genetic law. The stigma color of purple was controlled by independent alleles, which was a qualitative trait and was completely dominant to green; the superparental separations of the two populations were the same, the number of branches and leaves were higher than that of the parental range, and the number of lingual petals was lower than the parental range, there was over parental segregation. In the analysis of mid-parent heterosis, YW group had obvious advantage than WY; the correlation of traits of F2were almost the same, plant height and number of petals, number of branches and number of blades, disk diameter and number of petals and number of branches, number of petals and number of blades and branches, number of branches and blades, color of flower and stigma were highly significant correlation. The inheritance of important ornamental traits of hybrids with different flower colors was discussed, which provided a reference for the breeding of ornamental sunflowers.

Key words Ornamental sunflower; Hybrid progeny; Inheritance

Table 1

Main information of the materials"

试验材料Material 代码Code 样本量Cases 主要特点Main characteristic
杂交亲本Hybrid parent GW 1 矮秆分枝,舌状花白色,柱头绿色
GY 1 矮秆分枝型,舌状花黄色,柱头紫色
F1 GW×GY 1 矮秆分枝型,舌状花黄色,柱头紫色
GY×GW 1
F2 WY 182 株型变异,花色分离
YW 144

Table 2

Phenotypic traits and measuring standards"

性状
Trait		 类型
Type		 赋值
Value		 性状描述
Details of trait
株高Plant height 数量性状 数值 成熟期测量地面到主茎着生葵盘处的高度
盘径Disk diameter 数量性状 数值 成熟期测量主茎花盘直径
叶片数Number of blades 数量性状 数值 现蕾期计数植株主茎自基部第1片真叶至顶端最后1片叶的总数
分枝数Number of branches 数量性状 数值 现蕾期计数植株主茎自基部第1片叶叶腋至顶端最后1片叶叶腋中着生分枝的总数
舌状花瓣数Number of lingual petals 数量性状 数值 开花期计数主茎花盘舌状花数目
舌状花瓣色Lingual petal color 质量性状 0~3 盛花期花瓣颜色,白色（0）、亮黄色（1）、黄色（2）、黄淡红晕色（3）
柱头色Stigma color 质量性状 0~1 （花青苷无）绿色（0）、（花青苷有）紫色（1）

Table 3

Descriptive statistics of phenotypic traits in WY population"

性状
Trait		 最大值
Maximum		 最小值
Minimum		 平均值
Mean		 标准差
Standard deviation		 极差
Range		 偏度
Skewness		 峰度
Kurtosis		 变异系数
CV (%)
株高Plant height (cm) 170.00 48.00 97.64 23.98 122.00 0.52 0.52 24.56
盘径Disk diameter (cm) 14.00 6.00 10.32 1.20 8.00 0.40 0.25 11.59
舌状花瓣数Number of lingual petals 46.00 22.00 33.85 3.92 24.00 0.16 1.07 11.58
分枝数Number of branches 25.00 4.00 8.65 2.51 21.00 0.10 1.82 29.03
叶片数Number of blades 27.00 7.00 16.03 3.40 20.00 0.42 0.43 21.23

Table 4

Descriptive of phenotypic traits in YW population"

性状
Trait		 最大值
Maximum		 最小值
Minimum		 平均值
Mean		 标准差
SD		 极差
Range		 偏度
Skewness		 峰度
Kurtosis		 变异系数
CV (%)
株高Plant height (cm) 155.00 54.00 94.12 25.07 101.00 0.59 -0.58 26.64
盘径Disk diameter (cm) 14.00 9.00 11.24 1.26 5.00 0.41 -0.37 11.17
舌状花瓣数Number of lingual petals 46.00 28.00 34.52 4.54 18.00 0.79 -0.51 13.16
分枝数Number of branches 15.00 4.00 8.98 2.12 11.00 0.40 -0.40 23.59
叶片数Number of blades 26.00 10.00 16.44 3.46 16.00 0.60 -0.17 21.03

Table 5

WY and YW populations distribution frequency of quality traits"

性状
Trait		 亲本组合
Parental combination		 F2株数
Number of F2		 频率Frequency (%) 比值
Ratio
0 1 2 3
舌状花色Lingual petal color GW×GY 182 15.38（28） 13.19（24） 30.77（56） 40.66（74） 1:1:2:3
GY×GW 144 13.89（20） 18.75（27） 28.47（41） 38.89（56） 1:1:2:3
总计Total 326 14.70（48） 15.64（51） 29.75（97） 39.88（130） 1:1:2:3
柱头色Stigma color GW×GY 182 27.47（50） 72.53（132） 1:3
GY×GW 144 24.31（35） 75.69（109） 1:3
统计Total 326 26.07（85） 73.93（241） 1:3

Table 6

Heterosis of WY population"

性状
Trait		 父本
Male parent		 母本
Female parent		 VMP F2
Fm Hm RHm (%)
株高Plant height (cm) 97.75 70.00 83.88 97.64 13.77** 14.10
盘径Disk diameter (cm) 7.50 12.00 9.75 10.32 0.57 5.52
舌状花瓣数Number of lingual petals 34.75 41.30 38.03 33.85 -4.18** -12.33
分枝数Number of branches 7.50 5.30 6.40 8.55 2.15* 25.15
叶片数Number of blades 14.50 15.70 15.10 16.03 0.93 5.80

Table 7

Heterosis of YW population"

性状
Trait		 父本
Male parent		 母本
Female parent		 VMP F2
Fm Hm RHm (%)
株高Plant height (cm) 97.75 70.00 83.88 94.12 10.24** 12.21
盘径Disk diameter (cm) 7.50 12.00 9.75 11.24 1.49* 15.28
舌状花瓣数Number of lingual petals 34.75 41.30 38.03 34.52 -3.51* -9.23
分枝数Number of branches 7.50 5.30 6.40 8.98 2.58* 40.31
叶片数Number of blades 14.50 15.70 15.10 16.44 1.34* 8.87

Table 8

Correlation analysis of phenotypic traits in WY population"

相关系数
Correlation		 株高
Plant
height		 盘径
Disk
diameter		 舌状花瓣数
Number of
lingual petals		 分枝数
Number of
branches		 叶片数
Number
of blades		 舌状花色
Lingual
petal color		 柱头色
Stigma
color
株高Plant height 1.00
盘径Disk diameter 0.07 1.00
舌状花瓣数Number of lingual petals 0.49** 0.55** 1.00
分枝数Number of branches 0.54** 0.30** 0.46** 1.00
叶片数Number of blades 0.73** 0.11 0.45** 0.56** 1.00
舌状花色Lingual petal color 0.05 -0.16* -0.07 -0.01 -0.01 1.00
柱头色Stigma color 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.09 0.12 0.58** 1.00

Table 9

Correlation analysis of phenotypic traits in YW population"

相关系数
Correlation		 株高
Plant
height		 盘径
Disk
diameter		 舌状花瓣数
Number of
lingual petals		 分枝数
Number of
branches		 叶片数
Number
of blades		 舌状花色
Lingual
petal color		 柱头色
Stigma
color
株高Plant height 1.00
盘径Disk diameter 0.19* 1.00
舌状花瓣数Number of lingual petals 0.63** 0.33** 1.00
分枝数Number of branches 0.61** 0.27** 0.44** 1.00
叶片数Number of blades 0.69** 0.17* 0.36** 0.74** 1.00
舌状花色Lingual petal color -0.05 -0.01 0.03 -0.14 -0.16 1.00
柱头色Stigma color 0.06 0.02 -0.03 -0.08 -0.08 0.37** 1.00
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