Crops ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 49-55.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.05.007

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Analysis of the Genetic Effects of Leaf Width in Maize

Li Lihua1(), Wei Xin1(), Meng Xin2, Lin Haijian2, Fan Qingqi3, Lu Xiaomin1, Cao Liru1, Zhang Qianjin1, Zhang Xin1, Wang Zhenhua1   

  1. 1Institute of Food Crops, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
    2Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
    3Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ji’nan 250100, Shandong, China
  • Received:2021-06-24 Revised:2021-10-18 Online:2022-10-15 Published:2022-10-19

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Abstract:

Leaf is the most crucial component of plant photosynthesis, and it can significantly increase maize yield. In order to create two sets of six-generation segregating populations, one three-ear-leaf narrow-leaf inbred line and two three-ear-leaf wide-leaf inbred lines were crossed and backcrossed, respectively (population 1 and population 2). The genetic influence of the leaf width of the three-ear-leaf of maize on the cob was analysed using the main gene and multi-gene multi-generation combination analysis method of the mixed genetic model of plant quantitative traits. The results showed that the inheritance of the leaf width of the two groups of three-ear-leaf was controlled by different gene numbers and belonged to different polygenic genetic models. In population 1, the width of leaf above ear conformed to a pair of additive-dominant major gene+additive-dominant-epistatic polygene model (D-0), and the width of ear-leaf conformed to the two pairs of gene additive-dominant-epistatic model (B-1), the width of leaf under ear conformed to the two-pair gene additive-dominant model (B-2). In population 2, the width of leaf above ear conformed to the two pairs of additive major genes+ additive-dominant polygene model (E-3), and the widths of ear-leaf and under ear conformed to a pair of additive major genes+additive-dominant polygene model (D-2). Therefore, we speculate that maize leaf width was mainly controlled by the main effect genes, and the genetic pattern of the three-ear-leaf of maize was different under different genetic backgrounds. The genetic patterns of ear-leaf, leaf above ear and leaf under ear were all affected on major gene control.

Key words: 玉米, 穗三叶, 叶片宽度, 遗传效应

Table 1

Frequency distribution of leaf widths in six families of R61×W75 combination"

指标
Index		 世代
Generation		 叶宽Leaf width (cm) 平均数
Mean		 变异系数
Coefficient of variation (%)
4~5 5~6 6~7 7~8 8~9 9~10 10~11 11~12 12~13
穗上叶宽
The width of leaf above ear		 P1 1 1 3 5 1 9.64 10.02
P2 4 9 4 5.44 12.73
F1 1 2 8 5 10.44 7.28
B1 4 7 35 56 90 43 8 8.81 13.84
B2 3 9 8 6 15 8 1 8.20 19.48
F2 10 19 30 45 62 58 20 4 8.00 19.55
穗位叶宽
The width of ear leaf		 P1 4 5 9.72 5.21
P2 11 6 5.76 8.12
F1 7 6 2 9.91 7.61
B1 8 21 58 76 56 13 2 9.11 12.50
B2 1 7 11 10 6 10 4 8.34 19.36
F2 9 19 32 44 45 60 28 4 8.07 20.46
穗下叶宽
The width of leaf under ear		 P1 4 4 2 8.90 7.86
P2 5 11 1 6.08 8.55
F1 5 5 6 9.33 9.81
B1 4 15 57 82 62 21 2 9.29 12.00
B2 3 5 13 11 11 4 2 1 8.21 18.71
F2 4 11 35 45 58 56 28 10 1 8.33 18.91

Table 2

Frequency distribution of leaf widths in six families of R61×W45 combination"

指标
Index		 世代
Generation		 叶宽Leaf width (cm) 平均数
Mean		 变异系数
Coefficient of variation (%)
4~5 5~6 6~7 7~8 8~9 9~10 10~11 11~12 12~13
穗上叶宽
The width of leaf above ear		 P1 4 9 4 5.44 12.73
P2 2 6 0 1 7.37 10.29
F1 2 7 7 9.75 6.96
B1 20 39 40 31 11 1 7.14 15.89
B2 1 9 34 51 38 6 5 8.31 13.29
F2 5 31 40 41 35 14 2 1 7.95 16.88
穗位叶宽
The width of ear leaf		 P1 11 6 5.76 8.12
P2 1 7 1 7.28 5.82
F1 2 6 6 2 9.79 10.01
B1 9 29 47 35 19 2 7.50 14.87
B2 3 27 39 54 12 1 8.59 11.77
F2 1 2 22 42 34 46 19 2 1 8.25 16.45
穗下叶宽
The width of leaf under ear		 P1 5 11 1 6.08 8.55
P2 1 7 1 7.37 5.43
F1 2 7 6 3 9.78 9.65
B1 3 33 43 38 22 2 1 7.65 14.20
B2 2 17 56 49 18 2 1 8.77 10.49
F2 1 24 36 48 33 24 2 1 8.27 16.18

Table 3

AIC values estimated by IECM of leaf widthin cross of R61×W75"

穗上叶宽The width of leaf above ear 穗位叶宽The width of ear leaf 穗下叶宽The width of leaf under ear
模型
Model		 极大似然数值
Max-likelihood-value		 AIC 模型
Model		 极大似然数值
Max-likelihood-value		 AIC 模型
Model		 极大似然数值
Max-likelihood-value		 AIC
A-1 -1017.72 2043.44 A-1 -967.41 1942.81 A-1 -984.92 1977.84
A-2 -1054.83 2115.66 A-2 -1001.32 2008.64 A-2 -1003.36 2012.72
A-3 -1019.18 2044.36 A-3 -967.48 1940.95 A-3 -985.22 1976.45
A-4 -1083.32 2172.65 A-4 -1044.64 2095.29 A-4 -1048.38 2102.77
B-1-1 -991.27 2002.55 B-1-1 -940.32 1900.64 B-1-1 -969.71 1959.42
B-1-2 -1012.66 2037.31 B-1-2 -954.87 1921.74 B-1-2 -970.23 1952.46
B-1-3 -1075.27 2158.53 B-1-3 -1043.92 2095.84 B-1-3 -1064.76 2137.52
B-1-4 -1053.29 2112.59 B-1-4 -1003.15 2012.31 B-1-4 -1005.87 2017.74
B-1-5 -1016.94 2041.88 B-1-5 -964.62 1937.23 B-1-5 -979.74 1967.49
B-1-6 -1019.29 2044.57 B-1-6 -965.93 1937.86 B-1-6 -980.03 1966.07
C-0 -999.25 2018.50 C-0 -952.14 1924.29 C-0 -972.65 1965.29
C-1 -1024.98 2063.95 C-1 -972.19 1958.37 C-1 1965.29 1967.72
D-0 -982.92 1989.84 D-0 -941.68 1907.36 D-0 -968.99 1961.99
D-1 -1013.05 2044.09 D-1 -953.45 1924.91 D-1 -968.47 1954.94
D-2 -1013.04 2042.09 D-2 -953.45 1922.91 D-2 -968.47 1952.94
D-3 -1016.16 2048.33 D-3 -958.00 1932.00 D-3 -973.32 1962.64
D-4 -1026.75 2069.50 D-4 -964.63 1945.25 D-4 -973.32 1962.65
E-1-0 -978.77 1993.53 E-1-0 -935.31 1906.61 E-1-0 -966.60 1969.19
E-1-1 -988.45 2006.90 E-1-1 -941.16 1912.32 E-1-1 -967.66 1965.32
E-1-2 -1008.85 2039.70 E-1-2 -957.97 1937.94 E-1-2 -971.00 1964.00
E-1-3 -993.10 2004.20 E-1-3 -943.87 1905.73 E-1-3 -969.48 1956.95
E-1-4 -1024.02 2064.03 E-1-4 -965.46 1946.92 E-1-4 -971.93 1959.86
E-1-5 -1008.90 2035.81 E-1-5 -955.43 1928.85 E-1-5 -973.52 1965.03

Table 4

AIC values estimated by IECM of leaf widthin cross of R61×W45"

穗上叶宽The width of leaf above ear 穗位叶宽The width of ear leaf 穗下叶宽The width of leaf under ear
模型
Model		 极大似然数值
Max-likelihood-value		 AIC 模型
Model		 极大似然数值
Max-likelihood-value		 AIC 模型
Model		 极大似然数值
Max-likelihood-value		 AIC
A-1 -806.90 1621.80 A-1 -777.37 1562.74 A-1 -769.81 1547.63
A-2 -828.29 1662.59 A-2 -801.26 1608.52 A-2 -797.96 1601.93
A-3 -853.43 1712.86 A-3 -824.59 1655.17 A-3 -822.87 1651.74
A-4 1712.86 1623.29 A-4 -785.23 1576.45 A-4 -780.64 1567.29
B-1-1 -782.34 1584.68 B-1-1 -751.97 1523.93 B-1-1 -748.41 1516.83
B-1-2 -784.65 1581.29 B-1-2 -754.06 1520.11 B-1-2 -748.83 1509.67
B-1-3 -850.41 1708.81 B-1-3 -821.15 1650.30 B-1-3 -821.48 1650.96
B-1-4 -825.62 1657.23 B-1-4 -799.57 1605.14 B-1-4 -796.31 1598.62
B-1-5 -851.39 1710.77 B-1-5 -823.08 1654.16 B-1-5 -821.33 1650.66
B-1-6 -851.39 1708.77 B-1-6 -823.08 1652.16 B-1-6 -821.33 1648.66
C-0 -771.25 1562.49 C-0 -744.56 1509.11 C-0 -740.25 1500.50
C-1 -776.50 1567.00 C-1 -747.56 1509.11 C-1 -743.71 1501.42
D-0 -771.24 1566.48 D-0 -743.19 1510.39 D-0 -740.25 1504.49
D-1 -772.61 1563.21 D-1 -744.28 1506.56 D-1 -734.48 1486.95
D-2 -772.61 1561.21 D-2 -744.28 1504.56 D-2 -734.48 1484.95
D-3 -776.07 1568.13 D-3 -746.34 1508.68 D-3 -742.21 1500.42
D-4 -776.30 1568.61 D-4 -746.33 1508.65 D-4 -742.22 1500.43
E-1-0 -766.21 1568.42 E-1-0 -740.75 1517.51 E-1-0 -733.47 1502.94
E-1-1 -768.67 1567.34 E-1-1 -742.80 1515.61 E-1-1 -733.63 1497.27
E-1-2 -773.48 1568.96 E-1-2 -743.41 1508.83 E-1-2 -739.57 1501.14
E-1-3 -771.29 1560.59 E-1-3 -744.60 1507.20 E-1-3 -739.23 1496.47
E-1-4 -776.40 1568.80 E-1-4 -747.51 1511.01 E-1-4 -743.68 1503.35
E-1-5 -776.37 1570.74 E-1-5 -747.51 1513.02 E-1-5 -743.68 1505.36

Table 5

Genetic parameter estimation of leaf width of combination R61×W75"

性状
Trait		 模型
Model		 一阶参数
1st parameter		 估计值
Estimate value		 二阶参数
2nd parameter		 估计值Estimated value
B1 B2 F2
穗上叶宽
The width of leaf above ear		 D-0 m 7.79 σ2p 1.49 2.55 2.45
d 1.28 σ2e 0.58 0.58 0.58
h 1.48 σ2pg 0.89 0.04 0.46
σ2mg 0.02 1.93 1.40
h2pg (%) 59.66 1.70 18.83
h2mg (%) 1.07 75.44 57.31
穗位叶宽
The width of ear leaf		 B-1 m 7.40 σ2p 1.30 2.61 2.73
da 1.86 σ2e 0.49 0.49 0.49
db 0.10 σ2pg
ha 0.51 σ2mg 0.81 2.12 2.24
hb 0.40 h2pg (%)
i 0.41 h2mg (%) 62.34 81.27 82.11
jab -0.91
jba -0.20
l 1.66
穗下叶宽
The width of leaf under ear		 B-2 m 7.47 σ2p 1.24 2.36 2.48
da 1.43 σ2e 0.57 0.57 0.57
db 0.06 σ2pg
ha 0.55 σ2mg 0.67 1.79 1.91
hb 1.54 h2pg (%)
h2mg (%) 54.17 75.81 77.03

Table 6

Genetic parameter estimation of leaf width of combination R61×W45"

性状
Trait		 模型
Model		 一阶参数
1st parameter		 估计值
Estimate value		 二阶参数
2nd parameter		 估计值Estimated value
B1 B2 F2
穗上叶宽
The width of leaf above ear		 E-3 m 7.80 σ2p 1.29 1.21 1.80
da -0.68 σ2e 0.47 0.47 0.47
db -0.97 σ2pg 0.25 0.35 0.59
ha -0.80 σ2mg 0.57 0.40 0.75
hb 0.08 h2pg (%) 19.51 28.69 32.55
i -0.03 h2mg (%) 44.16 32.83 41.48
jab 0.19
jba -0.02
l 0.66
穗位叶宽
The width of ear leaf		 D-2 m 6.48 σ2p 1.24 1.02 1.84
d -1.15 σ2e 0.46 0.46 0.46
[d] 0.29 σ2pg 0.23 0.53 0.54
[h] 3.27 σ2mg 0.56 0.03 0.84
h2pg (%) 18.20 51.99 29.56
h2mg (%) 44.79 2.87 45.45
穗下叶宽
The width of leaf under ear		 D-2 m 6.69 σ2p 1.18 0.85 1.79
d -1.37 σ2e 0.47 0.47 0.47
[d] 0.57 σ2pg 0.00 0.36 0.00
[h] 3.07 σ2mg 0.71 0.02 1.33
h2pg (%) 0.00 42.94 0.00
h2mg (%) 60.55 2.06 74.01
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