Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 210-217.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.03.029

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Effects of Interaction between Photosynthetic Bacteria and the Number of Retained Leaves on Physiological Metabolism, Chemical Quality, Yield and Quality of Flue-Cured Tobacco

Wei Mengyang1(), Luo Zhenbao2(), He Shuai2, Ma Qian2, Ma Guankai2, Xi Feihu1, Luo Dongsheng1, Jing Yanqiu1(), Yu Qiwei2(), Wang Maoxian2()   

  1. 1College of Tobacco, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China
    2Bijie Branch of Guizhou Provincial Tobacco Company, Bijie 551700, Guizhou, China
  • Received:2024-02-26 Revised:2024-03-23 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-06-03
  • Contact: Jing Yanqiu,Yu Qiwei,Wang Maoxian E-mail:w2718282348@163.com;30734200@qq.com;jingyanqiu72t@163.com;ycs327@126.com;1035526313@qq.com

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Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of the interaction between photosynthetic bacteria and the number of retained leaves on the physiology, biochemistry, yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco, 'Yunyan 87' was used as the test material in this study, and a two-factor split-plot experiment (photosynthetic bacteria concentration: 1:500, 1:300, 1:100; the leaf retention number: 19, 21, 23 leaves) was conducted to study the effects of the two and their interaction on photosynthetic characteristics, carbon and nitrogen metabolism characteristics, chemical composition and economic traits of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that the concentration of photosynthetic bacteria was the main effect factor. At the concentration of 1:300, the chlorophyll content of tobacco leaves was significantly increased, and the formation of degradation products such as carotenoids and phenylalanine was promoted. The sensory quality and economic performance were also better. Compared with the other treatments, the chlorophyll content of the treatment with photosynthetic bacteria spraying concentration of 1:300 and 21 retained leaves increased by 21.47%, the neutral aroma content increased by 4.23%-5.04%, the output value increased by 6.95%-8.70%, the proportion of first-class tobacco increased by 3.05%-6.13%, and the sensory quality score was the highest. In summary, the treatment with photosynthetic bacteria spraying concentration of 1:300 and 21 retained leaves can better improve the quality of tobacco leaves, optimize the grade structure, and improve economic benefits.

Key words: Photosynthetic bacteria, Number of retained leaves, Flue-cured tobacco, Yield, Quality

Table 1

Design of experiment"

处理
Treatment		 光合细菌喷施
Photosynthetic bacteria
application		 留叶数（片/株）
Number of leaves left
(leaves/plant)
G1Y1 1:500 19
G1Y2 1:500 21
G1Y3 1:500 23
G2Y1 1:300 19
G2Y2 1:300 21
G2Y3 1:300 23
G3Y1 1:100 19
G3Y2 1:100 21
G3Y3 1:100 23

Fig.1

Effects of different treatments on chlorophyll content of flue-cured tobacco Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05), the same below."

Fig.2

Effects of different treatments on photosynthetic characteristics of flue-cured tobacco"

Fig.3

Effects of different treatments on activities of enzymes related to nitrogen metabolism in flue-cured tobacco"

Fig.4

Effects of different treatments on enzyme activities related to carbon metabolism in flue-cured tobacco"

Table 2

Effects of different treatments on conventional chemical components of flue-cured tobacco %"

处理Treatment 总糖Total sugar 还原糖Reducing sugar 总氮Total nitrogen 烟碱Nicotine 钾Potassium 氯Chlorine
G1Y1 22.55bcd 21.51ab 2.13ab 2.70ab 1.81c 0.23e
G1Y2 21.42cd 20.34bcd 1.99bc 2.82a 2.14b 0.26c
G1Y3 20.87d 19.82dce 1.93c 2.45cd 1.81c 0.25cd
G2Y1 24.43a 22.21a 2.19a 2.39cde 2.13b 0.26c
G2Y2 24.29a 22.11a 2.15a 2.56bc 2.58a 0.32a
G2Y3 24.11ab 21.01abc 2.11ab 2.33de 2.09b 0.24de
G3Y1 22.96abc 20.29bcd 2.04abc 2.26e 1.79c 0.25cd
G3Y2 22.02cd 19.39ce 1.98bc 2.48cd 1.83c 0.26c
G3Y3 21.22d 18.70e 1.96c 2.21e 1.80c 0.25cd
Eta2 (G) 0.711 0.665 0.543 0.744 0.894 0.647
Eta2 (Y) 0.323 0.452 0.377 0.676 0.797 0.775
Eta2 (G×Y) 0.122 0.072 0.128 0.177 0.631 0.739

Table 3

Effects of different treatments on aroma components of flue-cured tobacco μg/g"

处理
Treatment		 类胡萝卜素
类降解产物
Carotenoid
degradation
products		 苯丙氨酸
类降解产物
Phenylalanine
degradation
products		 棕色化
反应产物
Browning
reaction
product		 总量
Total
amount
G1Y1 92.94e 13.81d 29.59ab 136.35d
G1Y2 100.68bc 17.03b 29.05ab 146.76bc
G1Y3 94.05de 16.63b 29.08ab 139.76cd
G2Y1 107.62a 13.17d 28.04bc 148.83ab
G2Y2 108.36a 18.95a 29.03ab 156.33a
G2Y3 106.67a 13.28d 30.03a 149.99ab
G3Y1 99.57cd 15.66c 29.16ab 144.39bcd
G3Y2 105.90ab 18.35a 27.53c 151.78ab
G3Y3 99.41cd 10.36e 26.73c 136.50d
Eta2 (G) 0.778 0.558 0.477
Eta2 (Y) 0.456 0.966 0.062
Eta2 (G×Y) 0.207 0.946 0.556

Table 4

Effects of different treatments on sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco"

处理
Treatment		 香气质（0-9）
Aroma quality		 香气量（0-9）
Aroma quantity		 浓度（0-9）
Concentration		 刺激性（0-9）
Irritation		 杂气（0-9）
Offensive odor		 劲头（0-9）
Stiffness		 余味（0-9）
Aftertaste		 燃烧性（0-9）
Flammability		 合计
Total
G1Y1 6.5d 5.4e 6.0d 5.5d 6.7b 5.6b 6.3ab 7.5b 49.6d
G1Y2 7.2b 6.1bc 6.3c 5.5d 6.6b 5.8b 6.4ab 7.5b 51.5bc
G1Y3 6.5d 5.5e 6.0d 5.6d 6.7b 5.6b 6.3ab 7.5b 49.8cd
G2Y1 7.2b 6.3ab 6.6b 5.8c 6.6b 5.8b 6.4ab 7.5b 52.3ab
G2Y2 7.5a 6.5a 6.8a 5.8c 6.5b 6.0a 6.5a 7.8a 53.5a
G2Y3 7.0bc 6.0cd 6.5b 5.8c 6.5b 5.8b 6.3ab 7.6ab 51.6bc
G3Y1 6.5d 5.8d 6.2c 6.0b 6.7b 5.6b 6.2bc 7.5b 50.3bcd
G3Y2 6.8c 6.0cd 6.3c 6.0b 6.7b 5.8b 6.3ab 7.5b 51.5bc
G3Y3 6.2e 5.5e 6.0d 6.2a 7.0a 5.4c 6.0c 7.5b 49.8cd
Eta2 (G) 0.933 0.859 0.894 0.918 0.485 0.658 0.382 0.203
Eta2 (Y) 0.906 0.821 0.700 0.375 0.206 0.658 0.300 0.100
Eta2 (G×Y) 0.491 0.467 0.182 0.286 0.285 0.229 0.087 0.182

Table 5

Effects of different treatments on economic traits of flue-cured tobacco"

处理
Treatment		 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)		 产值（元/hm2）
Output value (yuan/hm2)		 均价（元/kg）
Mean price (yuan/kg)		 上等烟比例
The first-class tobacco proportion (%)
G1Y1 2170.93d 60 113.05e 27.69bc 63.64bc
G1Y2 2231.93d 62 761.87cd 28.12b 64.50b
G1Y3 2403.05b 63 200.22c 26.30e 59.64e
G2Y1 2175.71d 65 836.98b 30.26a 68.47a
G2Y2 2420.21b 71 565.61a 29.57a 67.55a
G2Y3 2507.21a 66 917.43b 26.69de 60.68e
G3Y1 2203.71d 60 690.17de 27.54bcd 62.79cd
G3Y2 2313.29c 62 366.30cde 26.96cde 61.42de
G3Y3 2415.44b 63 332.84c 26.22e 57.76f
Eta2 (G) 0.759 0.771 0.814 0.874
Eta2 (Y) 0.937 0.431 0.847 0.917
Eta2 (G×Y) 0.656 0.185 0.602 0.498
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