Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 178-184.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.03.024

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Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Levels on Carbon Metabolism of Waxy Maize during Filling Period in Black Soil Area

Hou Nan(), Wu Fengjie, Qi Xiangkun, Wang Yufeng, Yang Kejun(), Fu Jian()   

  1. College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2024-02-19 Revised:2024-04-01 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-06-03

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Abstract:

In order to explore the response of waxy maize to different nitrogen fertilizer application levels in semi-arid black soil areas, this study conducted a corn pot experiment in Daqing, Heilongjiang. Taking two waxy maize varieties as the main factors and four nitrogen fertilizer levels as secondary factors, the nitrogen application amounts were 0 (N0), 150 (N1), 225 (N2) and 300 kg/ha (N3). The carbohydrate content, enzyme activity, biomass and filling characteristics of waxy maize during filling period were analyzed. The results showed that the starch, sucrose and soluble sugar contents of Jinnuo 262 were significantly inhibited by high nitrogen application levels, and N1 treatment was the optimal nitrogen application level. The tolerance of Jingkenuo 2000 to nitrogen fertilization levels was slightly higher than that of Jinnuo 262. The best level of nitrogen fertilizer was the N2 treatment. The enzyme activity of two waxy maize leaves increased when the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied was increased proportionately. The highest filling rates were achieved by Jinnuo 262 at around 25 days under N1 treatment and by Jingkenuo 2000 at around 30 days under N2 treatment. At the same time, the highest yield was obtained. A thorough analysis revealed that Jinnuo 262 and Jingkenuo 2000 performed best when treated with N1 and N2 in this study, respectively.

Key words: Nitrogen fertilization level, Waxy maize, Carbon metabolism, Filling period, Yield

Fig.1

Effects of different nitrogen application levels on contents of starch, soluble sugar and sucrose in leaves of waxy maizes The different lowercase letters indicate the significant difference (P < 0.05) among different treatments of the same variety, the same below."

Fig.2

Effects of different nitrogen application levels on the activities of sucrose synthase, total invertase and sucrose phosphate synthase in leaves of waxy maizes"

Fig.3

Changes in grain dry weight of two waxy maizes at different nitrogen application levels"

Table 1

Fitting equations of volume change of waxy maize grains at different nitrogen application levels"

处理Treatment 金糯262 Jinnuo 262 京科糯2000 Jingkenuo 2000
N0 y=0.680x+10.54 y=0.606x+10.44
N1 y=0.768x+13.47 y=0.687x+11.21
N2 y=0.698x+12.58 y=0.890x+11.99
N3 y=0.680x+10.65 y=0.887x+12.58

Fig.4

Changes in grain grouting rate of two waxy maizes at different nitrogen application levels"

Table 2

Effects of different nitrogen application levels on grain filling parameters of waxy maize"

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 生长曲线方程
Growth curve parametric equation		 Tmax
(d)		 Wmax
(g·100-grain)		 Gmax
[(g·100-grain)/d]		 P
(d)		 R 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)
金糯262
Jinnuo 262
 N0 y=25.68/(1+75e-0.19t) 22.73 12.84 1.22 31.58 0.9987 8884.1±785.8c
N1 y=30.09/(1+97e-0.19t) 24.10 15.05 1.43 31.58 0.9967 12 392.8±324.6a
N2 y=26.18/(1+27e-0.15t) 21.95 13.09 0.98 40.00 0.9988 10 663.6±520.3b
N3 y=26.39/(1+76e-0.19t) 23.37 13.19 1.22 32.43 0.9973 10 958.4±728.2b
京科糯2000
Jingkenuo 2000
 N0 y=25.82/(1+21e-0.11t) 26.74 12.91 0.73 52.90 0.9988 7412.9±836.0c
N1 y=28.94/(1+29e-0.12t) 28.29 14.47 0.86 50.58 0.9947 9908.9±135.4b
N2 y=29.05/(1+38e-0.14t) 26.50 14.53 1.00 43.65 0.9992 11 980.7±917.4a
N3 y=33.42/(1+22e-0.11t) 29.15 16.71 0.89 56.23 0.9904 9439.1±574.3b

Table 3

Effects of different nitrogen application levels on morphological indicators of waxy maize"

处理
Treatment		 株高Plant height (cm) 茎粗Stem thickness (cm) 节数Section number
金糯262
Jinnuo 262		 京科糯2000
Jingkenuo 2000		 金糯262
Jinnuo 262		 京科糯2000
Jingkenuo 2000		 金糯262
Jinnuo 262		 京科糯2000
Jingkenuo 2000
N0 219.0±12.1b 220.2±5.0b 2.9±0.1b 2.7±0.2b 12.7±0.9a 11.5±0.7b
N1 221.7±11.9a 231.0±6.2a 3.3±0.1a 3.0±0.1ab 13.9±1.2a 12.6±0.8ab
N2 236.1±8.0a 233.7±5.1a 3.4±0.0a 3.3±0.1a 13.7±0.9a 13.5±0.6ab
N3 220.5±11.8b 231.4±4.2a 3.1±0.1ab 2.8±0.1ab 14.1±0.7a 15.0±1.1a

Table 4

Effects of different nitrogen application levels on the biomass of waxy maize g"

处理
Treatment		 茎干重Stem dry weight 叶干重Leaf dry weight 鞘干重Sheath dry weight
金糯262
Jinnuo 262		 京科糯2000
Jingkenuo 2000		 金糯262
Jinnuo 262		 京科糯2000
Jingkenuo 2000		 金糯262
Jinnuo 262		 京科糯2000
Jingkenuo 2000
N0 53.3±1.7b 89.0±3.0a 26.4±2.7b 25.6±2.5b 22.8±3.6b 21.4±2.8b
N1 80.4±3.5a 90.1±1.2a 31.7±3.5a 37.2±2.6a 27.9±1.8a 26.6±2.6a
N2 66.8±2.4ab 89.5±3.6a 33.5±4.8a 36.5±1.8a 31.7±2.6a 30.8±2.5a
N3 51.8±3.5b 90.9±2.8a 32.5±1.8a 38.8±2.0a 29.1±3.0a 27.8±1.5a

Table 5

Correlation analysis of enzyme activity related to grain carbon metabolism, grain filling parameters, and yield"

品种
Variety		 指标
Index		 蔗糖合成酶
Sucrose synthase		 蔗糖磷酸合成酶
Sucrose phosphate synthase		 蔗糖转化酶
Sucrose invertase		 产量
Yield
金糯262 Jinnuo 262 Tmax NS NS NS NS
Wmax * NS NS NS
Gmax NS NS NS NS
P ** NS NS NS
产量 NS * ** NS
京科糯2000 Jingkenuo 2000 Tmax NS NS NS NS
Wmax NS NS NS NS
Gmax NS NS NS *
P NS NS NS NS
产量 NS * NS NS
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