Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 171-176.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.05.023

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Effects of Different Row Spacing Arrangements and Planting Density Combinations on Canopy Structure and Nitrogen Utilization in Wheat on the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain

Li Xiaomin1(), Gong Hongyu2, Tian Bingxin2, Liu Donghua2, Li Chunxi2, Jiang Lina2, Ma Jianhui2()   

  1. 1 Jiaozuo Rural Social Development Service Center, Jiaozuo 454150, Henan, China
    2 College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan, China
  • Received:2025-04-18 Revised:2025-05-02 Online:2025-10-15 Published:2025-10-21

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Abstract:

Using Yunong 916 in the Huang-Huai-Hai winter wheat production area as the experimental material, three row spacing arrangements and two planting densities were set to explore the effects of different row spacing configurations and planting densities on wheat growth, population structure, photosynthetic characteristics, and yield. The results showed that 13 cm+18 cm densified treatment significantly increased the number of tillers per plant and total number of tillers at jointing and maturity stage, and the effective spike number was significantly increased compared with 20 cm equal row spacing treatment. SPAD value decreased with the increase of planting density when row spacing was the same. The Pn of wheat could be increased by row spacing optimization. In terms of canopy structure, the leaf area index of 13 cm+18 cm densified treatment, which showed reasonable light transmittance, was significantly higher than that of 20 cm equal row spacing treatment and 15 cm+25 cm wide and narrow row normal treatment. Compared with the conventional density treatment with equal row spacing, different width and narrow rows and densified treatment significantly increased the yield and dry matter accumulation of winter wheat. The nitrogen use efficiency of 13 cm+18 cm densified treatment was increased by 18.31% compared with the traditional equal row spacing planting treatment, and the grain nitrogen harvest index and nitrogen transport efficiency were also effectively improved. Therefore, this study recommended 13 cm+18 cm wide and narrow row densified planting as an optimal combination model for wheat population in the southern region of Huang-Huai-Hai to further improve wheat productivity.

Key words: Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Wheat, Row spacing arrangement, Planting density, Population structure, Yield, Resource utilization

Table 1

Design of experiment"

处理
Treatment		 施氮量
Nitrogen rate
(kg/hm2)		 行距
Row
spacing (cm)		 密度
Density
(×104/hm2)		 灌溉方式
Irrigation
method
CK 0 20 cm 375 滴灌
T1 300 20 cm 375 滴灌
T2 300 15 cm+25 cm 375 滴灌
T3 300 15 cm+25 cm 450 滴灌
T4 300 13 cm+18 cm 450 滴灌

Fig.1

Number of tillers per plant and total tillers of winter wheat under different cultivation patterns The different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at P < 0.05 level, the same below."

Fig.2

Photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheat under different cultivation patterns"

Fig.3

LAI and DIFN of winter wheat under different cultivation patterns"

Table 2

Yield and its components, and dry matter accumulation at maturity of winter wheat under different cultivation patterns"

处理
Treatment		 穗数
Spike (×104/hm2)		 穗粒数
Grain number per spike		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)		 成熟期干物质积累量
Dry matter accumulation at maturity (kg/hm2)
CK 540.00±2.50e 44.83±0.35c 35.06±0.27c 8808.77±117.04e 15 756.17±116.67d
T1 560.83±7.64d 47.07±0.15b 37.68±0.64ab 9409.64±219.99d 17 793.37±126.75c
T2 589.17±8.04c 47.97±0.47a 38.36±0.33a 9825.49±179.40c 18 748.45±216.28b
T3 620.83±3.82b 47.17±0.35b 37.24±0.26b 10 373.85±78.86b 19 404.56±182.70a
T4 680.65±8.53a 47.60±0.53ab 38.15±0.58a 10 777.24±164.45a 19 482.34±132.66a

Fig.4

Nitrogen accumulation amount and utilization rate of nitrogen of winter wheat under different cultivation patterns"

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