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作物杂志,2017, 第3期: 60–68 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2017.03.012

• 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 • 上一篇    下一篇

外源水杨酸对低温下寒地冬小麦细胞超微结构的影响

刘丽杰1,张东向1,金忠民1,林立东1,任艳波1,赵婧佟1,苍晶2   

  1. 1 齐齐哈尔大学生命科学与农林学院,161006,黑龙江齐齐哈尔
    2 东北农业大学生命科学学院,150030,黑龙江哈尔滨
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-07 修回日期:2017-04-26 出版日期:2017-06-15 发布日期:2018-08-26
  • 通讯作者: 苍晶
  • 作者简介:刘丽杰,讲师,主要从事冬小麦抗寒方面的研究
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省自然科学基金(C2015047)

Effects of Exogenous Salicylic Acid on Cell Ultrastructure of Winter Wheat under Cold Stress in Frigid Region

Liu Lijie1,Zhang Dongxiang1,Jin Zhongmin1,Lin Lidong1,Ren Yanbo1,Zhao Jingtong1,Cang Jing2   

  1. 1 College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar 161006,Heilongjiang,China
    2 College of Life Science,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,Heilongjiang,China
  • Received:2017-03-07 Revised:2017-04-26 Online:2017-06-15 Published:2018-08-26
  • Contact: Jing Cang

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摘要：

为探讨外源水杨酸(salicylic acid,SA)对低温下寒地冬小麦细胞超微结构的影响,选用东农冬麦1号为材料,在冬小麦幼苗长至三叶期时喷施1×10 -4mol/L SA,以喷施等量蒸馏水作为对照,在越冬期自然降温条件下,分别于5℃、0℃、-10℃、-25℃时对分蘖节和茎取样,测定其丙二醛(MDA)含量,并用透射电镜观察其细胞的超微结构,统计返青率及分蘖节数。结果表明,外源SA减轻了低温对冬小麦膜系统造成的损害。对照组细胞仅在-25℃时出现了轻微的质壁分离;在-25℃各细胞器呈现轻微空泡化,线粒体外膜及核膜不清晰,但细胞核没有受到破坏。喷施SA后细胞核受损程度降低,核膜边缘清晰,线粒体结构完整清晰,内嵴数也略有增多,分蘖节的线粒体数目增多,仅在-25℃时核膜和线粒体的外膜不清晰,受到了轻微的破坏,但比对照组受损轻;前质体及淀粉粒数目增加(0℃以上);分蘖节中的液泡数目明显多于对照组。SA处理提高了返青率,并在返青后增加了分蘖节数。这说明SA处理可增强低温下细胞结构的稳定性,从而提高寒地冬小麦的低温适应性,从细胞学角度证实了外施适宜浓度的SA可增强寒地冬小麦的抗寒性。

关键词: 寒地冬小麦, 外源水杨酸, 细胞超微结构

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effects of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) on cell ultrastructure of winter wheat under low temperature, Dongnongdongmai No.1 (the winter wheat cultivar in frigid region) was used as material and 1×10 -4 mol/L SA was sprayed at seedlings growing to three leaves stages using spraying distilled water as control. In the winter natural cooling conditions, tillering nodes and stems were sampled, at 5℃, 0℃, -10℃, and -25℃, respectively,while Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was determined and the ultrastructure of the cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy, and the return rate and the number of tillering nodes were counted. The results showed that exogenous SA alleviated the damage caused by low temperature on membrane system. The cells in the control group appeared slight plasmolysis and slight vacuolization, mitochondrial membrane and nuclear membrane was not clear, but there was no damage to the nucleus only at -25℃. After the application of SA, nuclear damage degree was low, the nuclear and mitochondria membrane were clear, the number of cristae was slightly increased, the number of mitochondria increased in tillering nodes, Only at -25℃, nuclear membrane and mitochondrial membrane were not clear, and they were slightly damaged, but lighter than the control group; The number of plastids and starch grains were increased (above 0℃), and the number of vacuoles in tillering nodes was significantly more than that in the control group. The return rate and tillering nodes number were increased after reviving by exogenous SA. This showed that SA pretreatment could enhance the stability of the cell structure at low temperature, so as to improve the adaptability to low temperature of winter wheat in cold region, from the view of cytology it was confirmed the application of suitable concentration of SA could enhance the cold resistance of winter wheat in cold area.

Key words: Winter wheat cultivar in frigid region, Exogenous salicylic acid, Cell ultrastructure

图1

试验期间日最高、最低及平均温度变化"

图2

低温下SA对寒地冬小麦分蘖节MDA含量的影响"

图3

低温下SA对寒地冬小麦茎MDA含量的影响"

图4

寒地冬小麦对照组5℃时分蘖节细胞的超微结构N:细胞核;M:线粒体;V:液泡;Pr:前质体,下同"

图5

寒地冬小麦SA处理组5℃时分蘖节细胞的超微结构"

图6

寒地冬小麦对照组5℃时茎细胞的超微结构"

图7

寒地冬小麦SA处理组5℃时茎细胞的超微结构"

图8

寒地冬小麦对照组0℃时分蘖节细胞的超微结构"

图9

寒地冬小麦SA处理组0℃时分蘖节细胞的超微结构"

图10

寒地冬小麦对照组0℃时茎细胞的超微结构"

图11

寒地冬小麦SA处理组0℃时茎细胞的超微结构"

图12

寒地冬小麦对照组-10℃时分蘖节细胞的超微结构"

图13

寒地冬小麦SA处理组-10℃时分蘖节细胞的超微结构"

图14

寒地冬小麦对照组-10℃时茎细胞的超微结构"

图15

寒地冬小麦SA处理组-10℃时茎细胞的超微结构"

图16

寒地冬小麦对照组-25℃时分蘖节细胞的超微结构"

图17

寒地冬小麦SA处理组-25℃时分蘖节细胞的超微结构"

图18

寒地冬小麦对照组-25℃时茎细胞的超微结构"

图19

寒地冬小麦SA处理组-25℃时茎细胞的超微结构"

表1

返青率的调查"

处理
Treatment		 分蘖节数Number of tillering nodes 返青率(%)
Reviving rate
越冬前Before winter 返青后 After reviving
对照(CK) 3 3 85
SA 3 8 91
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